沪教版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解（科普环保类）（I）卷

第 1 页 共 11 页 沪教版沪教版 20202020 年备战中考初中英语专项训练年备战中考初中英语专项训练 阅读理解 科普环保类 阅读理解 科普环保类 I I 卷 卷 姓名姓名 班级班级 成绩成绩 一 一 阅读理解阅读理解 共共 5 5 题 共题 共 5252 分分 1 10 分 阅读理解 Thousands of years ago people didn t know that the Earth moved They thought the sun really did move across the sky The Greek god Helios was said to drive the sun across the sky with his chariot 战车 But now the way people think has changed Nowadays it is the sun that drives a chariot around the sky What do I mean by this Well quite simply there is now a plane or chariot that is powered by the sun It has special parts on its wings These parts absorb 吸收 power from the sun They absorb so much power that the plane can still fly even at night In Greek mythology 神话 Helios had to take a break at night It seems we re finally even more powerful than the gods themselves This plane is called Solar Impulse It will fly across the US in May This is very important for the future of the world Why is solar energy 太阳能 important Well other kinds of energy are known to cause problems If you live in China you ve probably noticed the pollution This is caused by burning coal and gas to make energy The heat and chemicals created by burning these things give us power But if we use power from the sun we don t have to burn anything and there will not be any pollution Solar energy is not entirely ready yet It needs to be improved But the best thing about it is that unlike coal and gas it doesn t run out The Solar Impulse plane could pretty much keep flying forever Of course the sun s light will eventually run out too one day but not for another 5 billion years That s a pretty long flight 1 The plane Solar Impulse A cannot fly at night B is powered by chemicals C is driven by solar energy 第 2 页 共 11 页 D was made in the US 2 Paragraph 4 mainly tells us that A using solar energy causes less pollution B solar energy is the best kind of energy C creating energy by burning things causes pollution D burning things will not be allowed in China 3 Which is the story probably taken from A A science magazine B A history textbook C A Greek myth D A storybook 4 What s the story mainly about A The story of the Greek god Helios B How China makes use of energy C The uses and advantages of solar energy D The disadvantages of burning coal and gas 2 12 分 阅读理解 Since the 1970s scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers Brain computer interface BCI technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines Recently two researchers Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic School in Lausanne Switzerland demonstrated 展示 a small robotic wheelchair directed by a person s thoughts In the laboratory Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his 第 3 页 共 11 页 left or right hand He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts Our brain has billions of nerve cells These send signals through the spinal cord 脊髓 to the muscles to give us the ability to move But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles Tavella says Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external 外部的 world and also to control devices The researchers designed a special cap for the users This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp 头皮 and sends them to a computer The computer interprets translate the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify find or discover objects in its paths They help the computer react to commands from the brain Professor Millan the team leader says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories communication and controlling devices One example is this wheelchair He says his team has set two goals One is testing with real patients so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time 1 BCI is a technology that can A help to update computer systems B link the human brain with computer C help the disabled to recover D control a person s thoughts 2 How did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory A By controlling his muscles B By talking to the machine C By moving his hand 第 4 页 共 11 页 D By using his mind 3 Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 4 A Scalp computer cap wheelchair B Computer cap scalp wheelchair C Scalp cap computer wheelchair D Cap computer scalp wheelchair 4 Which of the following would be the best title for the text A Switzerland tile BCI Research Center B New Finding about How the Human Brain Works C BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the Disabled D Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries 3 10 分 Do you know why different animals or pests 昆虫 have their special colors Colors in them seem to be used mainly to protect themselves Some birds like eating locusts 蝗虫 but birds cannot easily catch them Why It is because locusts change their colors together with the change of the colors of crops 庄稼 When crops are green locusts look green But as the harvest time comes locusts change to the same brown color as crops have Some other pests with different colors from plants are easily found and eaten by others So they have to hide themselves for lives and appear only at night If you study the animal life you ll find the main use of coloring is to protect themselves Bears lions and other animals move quietly through forests They cannot be easily seen by hunters 猎人 This is because they have the colors much like the trees Have you ever noticed an even stranger act A kind of fish in the sea can send out a kind of very black liquid 液体 when it faces danger While the liquid spreads over 散开 its enemies 敌 人 cannot find it And it immediately swims away So it has lived up to now though it is not strong at all 第 5 页 共 11 页 1 From the passage we learn that locusts A are small animals B are easily found by birds C are dangerous to their enemies D change their colors to protect themselves 2 How can pests with different colors from plants keep out of danger A They run away quickly B They have the colors much like their enemies C They hide themselves by day and appear at night D They have to move quietly 3 Bears and lions can keep safe because A they have the colors much like the trees B they move quietly C they like brown and gray colors D they live in forests 4 Why can the kind of fish live up to now A Because it is very and strong B Because the liquid it sends out can help it escape from its enemies C Because the liquid it sends out can kill its enemies D Because it swims faster than any other fish 第 6 页 共 11 页 5 Which is the best title for this passage A The Change of Colors for Animals and Pests B Colors of Different Animals and Pests C The Main Use of Colors for Animals and Pests D Some Animals and Pests 4 10 分 根据短文内容回答下列问题 B Science fiction is a popular kind of writing and many people think of Jules Verne as the father of science fiction He was born in France in 1828 His father wanted him to become a lawyer but from his early 20s Verne decided to become a writer At first he wrote plays for the theatre Then in 1863 he wrote a story called Five Weeks in a Balloon The success of this book encouraged him to write more stories such as A Journey to the Centre of the Earth 1864 and From the Earth to the Moon 1865 In the 19th century many people were interested in science and inventions Jules Verne wrote about scientific subjects in his stories and as a result they were very popular Verne s writing included many predictions for the 20th century and many of them came true He described space flight movies and air conditioning a long time before they appeared These books were very successful and they made Verne rich Jules Verne s books have been the subjects for many movies 20 000 Leagues under the Sea was a successful movie for Walt Disney It was the first Disney movie to use real actors instead of cartoon drawings Around the world in Eighty Days is another famous movie based on one of Verne s books The main character is an Englishman called Phileas Fogg For him the most important thing is to be always on time 1 What does the phrase the father of science fiction mean A The father who has several children B The man who loves science and inventions 第 7 页 共 11 页 C The writer whose father wrote science fiction D The man who first started writing science fiction successfully 2 What encouraged Jules Verne to write more stories A The plays he wrote for the theatre B The encouragement from his father C The success of Five weeks in a Balloon D The scientific subjects in his stories 3 Why were Jules Verne s books very popular in the l9th century A Because his books made him rich and famous B Because he wrote many plays for the theatre at that time C Because his books had been the subjects for many movies D Because many people were interested in science and inventions 4 Which of the following has the main character called Phileas Fogg A Five weeks in a Balloon B Around the world in Eighty Days C A Journey to the Centre of the Earth D From the Earth to the Moon 5 According to the passage which of the following is TRUE A Jules Verne only wrote plays in the 19th century B Many of the predictions in Verne s stories came true C The main characters in Verne s books are always on time D The space flight Verne described was different from others 第 8 页 共 11 页 5 10 分 If you want to see a thing well reach out and touch it That may seem a strange thing to say But touching things can help you to see them better Your eyes can tell you that a glass ball is round But by holding it in your hands you can feel how smooth and cool the ball is You can feel how heavy the glass is When you feel all these about the ball you really see it With your skin you can feel better For example your fingers can tell the difference between two coins in your pocket You can feel a little drop of water on the back of your hand too You can even feel sounds against your skin Have you ever wanted to know why some people like very loud music They must like to feel the sounds of music All children soon learn what Don t touch means They hear it often Yet most of us keep on touching things as we grow up In shops we touch things we might buy food clothes To see something well we have to touch it The bottoms of our feet can feel things too You know this when you walk on warm sand cool grass or a hard floor All feel different under your feet There are ways of learning to see well by feeling One way is to close your eyes and try to feel everything that is touching yo