英语中考复习7形容词和副词

1 语法专项突破语法专项突破 专题七专题七 形容词和副词形容词和副词 考点一 形容词 副语的句法功能 形容词和副词都是起修饰作用的词 它们各自的功能如下 词类功能例句 定语 Han Mei is a beautiful girl 韩梅是一个美丽的女孩 表语 The meal is very delicious 这顿饭很美味 形容词 宾语补足语 We must keep the classroom clean 我们必须保持教室清洁 状语 Bill gets up late on weekends 比尔在周末起得晚 后置定语 Life here is rich and interesting 这里的生活既富裕又有趣 副词 表语 Class is over 放学了 考点二 形容词的排列顺序 不少学生对如何排列形容词的词序颇感困惑 在此 我们向同学们介绍一个简易的记 忆方法 请你记住 限观形龄色国材 如果这几个字不好记 你就记 县官行令谢国财 口诀说明例词 县 限 代表限定词 包括冠词 指示代词 形容词性物主代词 名词所有格 数 词等 the this that my Tom s two 官 观 代表观点的描述性形容词 fine beautiful interestin g 行 形 代表表示大小 长短 高低及形状的 形容词 small tall high round 令 龄 代表年龄 新旧的形容词 young old new 谢 色 代表颜色的形容词 red black white 国 代表国籍 地区 出处的形容词 或 名词 English American 财 材 代表中心名词构成材料的形容词 wooden stone plastic There is a fine old stone bridge near the village 村子附近有一座漂亮的古代石桥 I bought a cheap blue plastic pencil box yesterday 昨天我买了一个便宜的蓝色塑料铅笔盒 They have got such a round brown wooden table 他们有一张褐色的木制圆桌 考点三 形容词变副词的方法 1 大多数形容词在词尾加 ly careful carefully quick quickly bright brightly 2 以 辅音字母 y 结尾的形容词 把 y 变成 i 再加 ly easy easily happy happily lucky luckily 2 3 以 元音字母 e 结尾的形容词 去 e 再加 ly true truly 4 以 le 结尾的形容词 去 e 再加 y terrible terribly simple simply possible possibly 考点四 形容词 副词的比较等级 1 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的概念和构成 英语中的形容词和副词常用三种形式来表达事物的等级差别 分别是原级 比较级和 最高级 大部分形容词和副词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 er est 或在词前加 more most 属于规则变化 但也有少数是不规则的变化 1 规则变化 情况构成方式原级比较级最高级 一般情况加 er 或 est old 旧的 fast 快的 older faster oldest fastest 以 e 结尾的词加 r 或 stlate 晚的 laterlatest 以 辅音 y 结尾的 双音节词 变 y 为 i 再 加 er 或 est early 早的 happy 高兴的 earlier happier earliest happiest 多音节词和部 分双音节词 在其前面加 more 或 most useful 有用的 carefully 仔 细地 more useful more carefully most useful most carefully 重读闭音节的 词末尾只有一 个辅音字母 先双写辅音 字 母 再加 er 或 est big 大的 hot 热的 thin 瘦的 fat 胖的 bigger hotter thinner fatter biggest hottest thinnest fattest 2 不规则变化 原级比较级最高级 good wellbetterbest ill bad badlyworseworst many muchmoremost littlelessleast far farther further farthest furthest oldolder elderoldest eldest 2 形容词 副词比较等级的基本用法 级用法 A 和 B 两者 相比较 结构例句 A B A 谓语 比较级 than B Who Which 谓语 比较级 A or B Tom is taller than Bill 汤姆比比尔高 Which do you like better apples or pears 苹果和梨你更喜欢哪 一种 A B A 谓语 as 形容词 副词原 级 as B Tom runs as fast as Jim 汤姆跑得和吉姆一样 快 比较级 A B A 否定 谓语 比较级 Alice isn t older 3 than B A 否定 谓语 as so 原级 as B A 谓语 less 原级 than B than Ann 艾丽斯不如安大 Bob isn t as tall as Nick 鲍勃不如尼克高 Ann is less beautiful than Lucy 安不如露西漂亮 最高级 表示三者 或三者以 上的比较 表示其中 一个在某 一方面超 过其他几 个 后面 用 in 或 of 短语来说 明比较的 范围 Who be the 形容词的最 高级 A B or C Which be t he 形容词的 最高级 A B or C A 谓语 the 形容词 副词 的最高级 表示范围的短语 of in Who is the tallest Tom Bill or Jim 汤姆 比尔 吉姆谁 最高 Bob is the shortest in his class 鲍勃在他的班里最矮 3 形容词和副词比较级的特殊用法 1 比较级的特殊用法 比较级 and 比较级 越来越 more 原级 构成的比较级用 more and more 原级 China is becoming stronger and stronger 中国正变得越来越强大 the 比较级 the 比较级 越 就越 The more we do for the people the happier we ll be 我们为人民做得越多 我们就越幸福 句中如果有 of the two 短语时 比较级前加 the 表示两个中的一个更 较 Bill is the taller of the two boys 比尔是这两个男孩中较高的那一个 2 最高级的特殊用法 one of the 形容词的最高级 复数名词 China is one of the largest countries all over the world 中国是世界上最大的国家之一 the 序数词 形容词的最高级 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China 黄河是中国第二长河 3 比较级表示最高级含义 形容词 副词的比较级 than any other 单数名词 Wang Fang studies better than any other student in her class 王芳比她班上的其他任何一个学生学习都好 形容词 副词的比较级 than the other 复数名词 Wang Fang studies better than the other students in her class 王芳在她班中学习最好 4 比较级 原级的修饰语 1 当强调比较的程度时 可以在形容词或副词的比较级前使用 much a little even still a lot far any no 等 I t is much hotter today than it was yesterday 4 今天比昨天热得多 My apple is a little smaller than yours 我的苹果比你的小点儿 Meimei does even worse than Lucy 梅梅做得甚至比露西更糟 2 very quite too so 常用来修饰原级 不能修饰比较级 汤姆比我高很多 Tom is very taller than me Tom is much taller than me 1 2012 湖南衡阳中考 31 The price of the sweater is very I can t afford it A expensive B cheap C high 2 2012 湖南郴州中考 30 The more careful you are the mistakes you will make A few B fewer C fewest 3 2012 湖南湘潭中考 22 I think Chinese is than any other subject A easy B easier C easiest 4 2012 湖南岳阳中考 25 Wembley Stadium 温布利大球场 is one of the soccer fields in the world It will be the place for soccer matches during the Olympics next month A famous B more famous C most famous 5 2012 湖南衡阳中考 23 Lucy does homework than Tim A carefully B more careful C more carefully 6 2012 湖南怀化中考 23 Who runs Nick and Harry Nick A fast B faster C fastest 7 2012 四川凉山中考 25 Mike always does his homework as as the exams A good B well C better 8 2012 湖北恩施中考 23 Farmers have become in our hometown in recent years A more and more rich B richer and richer C more rich and more rich 9 2012 福建泉州中考 32 Who gets up of you all in the dormitory Tony Jimmy does A early B earlier C earliest 10 Our school is one of schools in Hunan A good B better C the best 11 In China it is a custom to give kids lucky money during the Spring Festival A finally B luckily C especially 12 Don t worry He is to look after little Betty A carefully enough B enough careful C careful enough 13 You must drive next time or there may be another accident A more carefully B carefully C careful 14 Who did it better Bill or Henry I think Bill did just Henry A as well as B as good as C as better as 5 15 We should use plastic bags to help the environment Let s say goodbye to them A fewer B more C less 16 Of the two Australian students Masha is one I think you can find her easily A tallest B the taller C taller 17 Jack writes than he did before A much carefully B more careful C much more carefully 18 If you like the chicken you may have as as you can A much B many C more 19 He didn t sing that night as he usually did A so well B so better C more better 20 Which one of those two houses would you buy I would buy the one because I have a big family A larger B largest C smaller 21 It is to teach a kid the way to solve a problem than tell him the solution directly A helpful B more helpful C the most helpful 22 How often do you go to a concert ever I m not interested in that at all A Usually B Hardly C Almost 23 I have to tell you Maybe you will be in it A interesting something interested B something interesting interesting C something interesting interested 6 参考答案参考答案 专题七专题七 形容词和副词形容词和副词 专题提升演练专题提升演练 1 C 形容物品的价格用高 high 低 low 由 我买不起它 可知这件毛衣的价 格应该是很高 2 B the 比较级 the 比较级 表示 越 就越 故选 B 项 3 B 由 than 可知应该用比较级 4 C one of the 最高级 复数名词 表示 最 的之一 5 C 由 than 可知应该用比较级 修饰谓语动词 does 应该用副词 故选 C 项 6 B 由比较的范围是两者可知用比较级 7 B as as 中间跟原级 修饰 does 用副词 well 故选 B 项 8 B 比较级 and 比较级 表示 越来越 9 C 比较的范围是 all 三者或三者以上 故用最高级 10 C one of the 最高级 意为 最 之一 故选 C 项 11 C finally 最终地 luckily 幸运地 especially 尤其是 句意 在中 国给孩子们压岁钱 尤其是在春节期间 是一个习俗 故答案为 C 项 12 C 句意 别担心 他照顾小贝蒂足够细心 enough 应该放在所修饰的形容词和 副词的后面 因此可以排除 B 项 再由空格前为 be 动词 因此可以确定应该用形容词作表 语 13 A 句意 下次开车你必须更认真 否则可能还会出事故 drive 是实义动词因此 用 carefully 进行修饰 carefully 的比较