2018届上海高考英语一模试题之时态语态专题复习

高三英语 蒋老师工作室 天道酬勤天道酬勤 相信自己相信自己 1 奉贤 1 Many grammar schools 22 establish hundreds of years ago to teach the Latin language to children who were not from rich families 虹口 2 There are always some people radiating negativity in the work place For them the temperature is never right the boss is always a fool the canteen food is awful and they 21 treat unfairly 3 The real problem is that the whiners don t feel they are being taken seriously said Xu Jun HR manager at Guangqi Honda Automobile Co Ltd 30 give them advice or perspectives attentively and the problem will usually disappear 黄浦 4 Nationally Norway 23 has experienced experience an 11 increase in tourism in the past decade 5 From just 1 000 tourists in the whole of 2010 Trolltunga a piece of rock that stands horizontally out of the mountain 24 saw see 1 800 visitors in one 2017 day alone 金山 6 With often nothing more than a pencil in hand the 47 year old artist produces elaborate drawings that could easily 22 mistake for the work of any modern digital camera 闵行 7 I had just started working in geriatrics 老年病科 Mr McMahon 21 bring in when his body was found very swollen 浮肿的 浦东 8 The Hollow Flashlight is made from Peltier tiles 珀耳贴贴片 that produce energy when one side 26 heat and the other side remains cool 青浦 9 Kevin assumed the person on the boat 22 jump out of it Then I heard a warning signal with a loud sound says Kevin now 42 That s 23 I realized somebody was in trouble 10 I thought it was a life jacket he says When I caught up to it I realized it 25 attach to a person 第 3 讲 时态语态专题 高三英语 蒋老师工作室 天道酬勤天道酬勤 相信自己相信自己 2 松江 11 We got up early to see the cows as they 23 were milked milk I even tried my hand at milking one and then joined the farmer as he released the cows into the field afterward 徐汇 12 Conservators at the Nelson Atkins museum of art in Kansas City said they discovered the dead insect in one of its star paintings Vincent van Gogh s Olive Trees when it 22 scan as part of the research for a catalogue of its French painting collection 杨浦 13 According to lifestyle website grapee jp slurping 发出 哧溜 声 when eating noodles 23 encourage in Japanese culture 长宁嘉定 14 21 Create a system that can routinely hire and prepare teachers effectively and can support successful teaching is the arena 竞技场 in which the United States 22 fall behind the most 15 Even if they do there is little guarantee that the quality of teaching 30 improve Although there are good reasons to argue for stringer evaluation practices for removing incapable teachers and for recognizing excellent ones a theory that the major problems with teaching can be solved by carrots and sticks alone leaves the development of teaching abilities to chance 静安 16 To business with garbage containers polluted with more than 10 recyclables warning 27 issue If they fail to take action fines are expected 普陀 17 The share prices of Thor Industries the biggest RV manufacturer in America and Winnebago the third largest 21 rise by 43 and 17 respectively so far 18 The industry hopes that its poor record with foreign sales last year less than 1 of RVs produced domestically 27 ship to foreign markets may improve too 宝山 19 The best beliefs are the ones that 22 will be cherished are cherished cherish throughout a lifetime One belief I cherish above all others is the power and enjoyment of reading 20 Books 30 helped help me through difficult periods and applauded me in times of celebration Books always make me smile That s the biggest reason I believe in reading because it will make you happy 崇明 21 People in Harpursville now hope the attention that April 28 draw will translate into an economic development for the area Harpursville was once a manufacturing base but it has struggled financially in recent years 高三英语 蒋老师工作室 天道酬勤天道酬勤 相信自己相信自己 3 动词的时态与语态是两个非常重要的语法范畴 构成了英语语法的基本框架 几乎所有动词的考查都必须 借助于时态和语态来完成 高考试题在考查时态和语态的同时 还兼顾其他语法内容的测试 比如各种从 句 强调句 倒装句等 其交叉式和复合式的特点尤为明显 其考点主要包括 1 注重在语境中考查常见时态的区别 如一般过去时与现在完成时 一般现在时 过去时 与现在 过去 进 行时的区别等 要求准确判断动作和时间的关系 正确理解时间概念 如是现在 过去还是将来 是时间 段 时间点还是时间瞬间 2 遵循 情景立意 和 能力立意 的原则 考查在状语从句等特定语言环境中时态的代替 要求吃透 语境 摸清命题人的意图 善于捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息 克服汉语式的惯性思维 3 把语态与时态结合在一起 进行综合考查 各种常用时态的被动语态的构成 仍是高考命题的热点之 一 而且题干中有效信息越来越隐蔽 试题难度呈现加大的趋势 要求明确谓语动词与主语的关系 分清 是主动还是被动 4 考查主动形式表示被动意义 对语境理解能力的要求逐步提高 且要重视有特殊用法的动词的运用 一 高考常考的几种易混时态的辨析一 高考常考的几种易混时态的辨析 1 一般现在时与现在进行时 1 一般现在时主要用于习惯性或经常性动作 常伴随使用 usually often seldom 等频度副词 现在进行 时主要用于表示目前或现阶段正在进行的动作或状态 常跟 now at present 等时间状语 He usually writes a lot of letters but he isn t writing at present 他经常写许多信 但他现在没在写 2 表示客观事实或普遍真理时 要用一般现在时 不能用现在进行时 The Earth goes around the Sun 地球绕着太阳转 2 一般过去时与过去进行时 1 一般过去时表示一个完成的动作 而过去进行时表示过去某一阶段正在进行的动作 高三英语 蒋老师工作室 天道酬勤天道酬勤 相信自己相信自己 4 I was reading a novel last night 昨晚我在看小说 可能没看完 I read a novel last night 我昨晚看了一本小说 已经看完了 2 一般过去时用于表示一个单纯动作 过去进行时用于表示过去一段时间反复做的动作 Did he ask questions 他提问题了吗 He was asking questions all the time 他始终在提问题 3 一般过去时表示过去某个时刻发生的动作 侧重说明事实 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间 发生的动作 强调在这一过程中所进行的动作或展开的情景 He drew a picture yesterday afternoon 他昨天下午画了一张画 昨天下午他做了这么一件事 He was drawing a picture yesterday afternoon 他昨天下午在画一张画 昨天下午他一直在画画 没干别的事 3 一般过去时表示过去某个时刻发生的动作 侧重说明事实 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间 发生的动作 强调在这一过程中所进行的动作或展开的情景 He drew a picture yesterday afternoon 他昨天下午画了一张画 昨天下午他做了这么一件事 He was drawing a picture yesterday afternoon 他昨天下午在画一张画 昨天下午他一直在画画 没干别的事 3 现在完成时与一般过去时 1 两者都表示发生在过去的动作 但现在完成时表示过去动作与现在的关系 主要说明现在的情况 一般 过去时强调动作发生在过去某一时间 与现在不发生联系 例如 They ve gone to Paris 他们到巴黎去了 说明他们现在去巴黎了 不在这里 They went to Paris 他们去过巴黎 只说明去过 不表明是否现在仍在那里 2 现在完成时表示从过去发生到现在一段时间内的任何时间 可与 so far up to now lately ever since 等 表示包括现在一段时间的状语连用 但不能和表示过去时间的状语连用 一般过去时表示的是过去某一特 高三英语 蒋老师工作室 天道酬勤天道酬勤 相信自己相信自己 5 定时间或与现在无关的某一过去时间 I haven t seen the film yet 我还没看过这部影片 到目前为止 I saw the film the day before yesterday 我前天看的这部电影 表明看电影的时间是在前天 4 过去完成时与一般过去时 1 一般过去时通常与具体过去时间状语连用 即使没有时间状语 根据具体的语言环境 我们也可以作出 明确的判断 2 过去完成时是一种相对的时态 表示在过去某时刻之前发生 时间参照点与一般过去时不同 一般过去 时是对现在说话时刻而言 过去完成时则是与过去某一时刻而言的 即 过去的过去 5 一般将来时与将来进行时 一般将来时表示对 现在时刻 来说 将要发生的动作或将要存在的状态 而将来进行时表示将来的某一 时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作 She is sixteen who will be seventeen next year 她十六岁 明年将十七岁 What will you be doing at this time next Monday 下周一这时候你将会在做什么呢 5 一般将来时与将来进行时 一般将来时表示对 现在时刻 来说 将要发生的动作或将要存在的状态 而将来进行时表示将来的某一 时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作 She is sixteen who will be seventeen next year 她十六岁 明年将十七岁 What will you be doing at this time next Monday 下周一这时候你将会在做什么呢 来源 Zxxk Com 2 现在完成进行时往往表示动作在重复 现在完成时则常常不带重复性 如 Have you been meeting her lately 经常相见 Have you met her lately 不重复发生 3 现在完成进行时比较生动 有时含有明显的感情色彩 而现在完成时往往只说明一个事实 一种影响或 结果 平铺直叙 没有什么感情色彩可言 如 Recently Mary has been doing her homework regularly 显然是在表扬玛丽 高三英语 蒋老师工作室 天道酬勤天道酬勤 相信自己相信自己 6 Recently Mary has done her homework regularly 只说明一个事实 二 固定句型中的固定时态二 固定句型中的固定时态 在某些固定句型里往往有固定的时态要求 请体会下列句子中时态的运用 1 This It is the first second time I have done sth That It was the first second time I had done sth 2 It is two years since he went abroad It was two years since he had gone abroad 3 I was about to go out when the telephone rang 4 Hardly had I got home when the telephone rang 5 No sooner had I got home than the telephone rang 6 It won t be long before he comes back It wasn t long before he came back 7 I didn t manage to understand it until he had explained it again 8 祈使句 and or or else otherwise 并列分句 并列分句中谓语动词多用一般将来时 三 被动语态三 被动语态 1 被动语态的构成 英语中的及物动词一般都有主动语态和被动语态两种形式 主动语态是无标记的 而被动语态则是有标记 的 被动语态由 助动词 be 过去分词 构成 助动词 be 随着主语的人称 数 时态和语气的不同而变 化 被动语态的各种时态形式见下表 2 主动形式表示被动意义的几种情况 1 英语中有很多动词 如 break catch clean drive look open sell read write wash 等 当它们被 用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时 常用其主动形式表达被动意义 主语通常是物 在这种情况下 常常 和 easily well 等副词连用 This kind of cloth washes well 这种布好洗 The sign reads as follows 这牌子告示如下 This material won t wear 这种材料不耐穿 高三英语 蒋老师工作室 天道酬勤天道酬勤 相信自己相信自己 7 The machine runs well 这种机器运转良好 特别提醒 主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征 而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响 2 表示感受 感官的系动词 feel sound taste look 等后跟形容词 名词构成系表结构 无被动形式 Your reason sounds reasonable 你的理由听起来合理 3 在 need want require deserve bear 等动词 worth 等形容词的后面 动名词用主动形式表示被动意 义 其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式 The house needs repairing to be repaired 这所房子需要修理 4 在某些 主语 人 物 be 形容词 不定式 中不定式的主动形式表达被动意义 这些形容词有 nice easy fit hard difficult important impossible pleasant interesting 等 The problem is difficult to work out 这道题很难计算出 可看作 to work out 省略了 for me 5 be to rent blame let 也属于主动形式表被动意义 Who is to blame for the mistake 谁应为这个错误接受谴责 The houses are to let 这些房子有待出租 6 介词 in on under 等 名词构成介词短语表被动意义 表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用 含被动之意 其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式 名词 前一般不用冠词 常见的有 under control 受控制 under treatment 在治疗中 under repair 在修理中 under discussion 在讨论中 under construction 在施工中 beyond belief 令人难以置信 beyond one s reach 鞭 长莫及 beyond one s control 无法控制 beyond our hope 我们始料不及 for sale 出售 for rent 出租 in print 在印刷中 in sight 在视野范围内 on sale 出售 on show 展出 on trial 受审 out of control 控制不 了 out of sight 超出视线 out of one s reach 够不着 out of fashion 不流行 如 The rumor is beyond belief can t be believed 那个谣言令人难以置信 Today some treasures are on show are being shown in the museum 今天一些珍宝正在博物馆展出 高三英语 蒋老师工作室 天道酬勤天道酬勤 相信自己相信自己 8 高中英语语法精选高中英语语法精选 100100 题题 1 Ms Nancy didn t mind at all to the ceremony A being not invited B not being invited C not inviting D not to be invited 2 your meeting is he offered them his sincere congratulations A How a great success B What a great success C How great success D What great success 3 We must remember that fashion is not the most important thing in life A the B C the D the the 4 It quite a few years the accused was declared innocent and set free A was since B is that C will be when D was before 5 The professor said he could talk on interested the audience A any topic B which topic C whichever topic D the topic he thought it 6 Under no circumstance to tell lies to parents A children are allowed B are children allowed C children will allow D will children allow 7 Modern science and technology has communication between people far apart A made convenient B made it convenient C made it convenient for D made it convenient to 8 I heard that you really had a wonderful time at John s birthday party A didn t I B didn t you C hadn t you D will you 9 The great use of school education is not so much to teach you things to teach you the art of learning A as B that C than D but 10 No matter how frequently the works of Beethoven always attract a large number of people A performing B performed C to be performed D being performed 11 their real economic situations they got some relief fund from the government A Considering B Considered C Having been considered D Being considered 12 Tina have known the truth or she would have told us A mustn t B shouldn t C can t D needn t 13 There are some police cars in front What do you suppose A is the matter B is happened C is the wrong D the trouble is 14 of water makes Death Valley a desert but it is by no means devoid A Lacking B Being lack C Because of lack D Lack 15 In recent years much more emphasis has been put developing the students productive skills A ontoB in C overD on 16 A survey was carried out on the death rate of those who were infected by SARS were surprising A as resultsB which results C the results of it D the results of which 17 The organization broke no rules but had it acted responsibly A neitherB so C either D both 高三英语 蒋老师工作室 天道酬勤天道酬勤 相信自己相信自己 9 18 Many workers were organized to clear away remained of the World Trade Center A those B that C what D where 19 My train arrives in New York at eight o clock tonight The plane I would like to take from there by then A would leave B will have leftC has left D had left 20 The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds his arguments in favor of the new theory A to be based on B to base on C which to base on D on which to base 21 evidence that language acquiring ability must be stimulated A If being B It is C There is D There being 22 Professor Wang for his informative lectures was warmly received by his students A knowing B known C to be known D having known 23 In fact Peter would rather have left for San Francisco than in New York A to stay B stayed C stay D having stayed 24 You him so closely you should have kept your distance A shouldn t follow B mustn t follow C couldn t have been following D shouldn t have been following 25 There has been a great increase in retail sales A does there B isn t there C hasn t there D isn t it 26 It is the news most parents of the hope that there is a safe and socially approved road to a kind of life they themselves have not had but their children can A that deprive B that it deprives C that deprives D when it deprives 27 We hadn t met for 20 years but I recognized her I saw her A the moment B for the moment C the moment when D at the moment when 28 On hearing a great noise Mike looked forward through the window what happened outside the room A to seeingB to seeC seeingD to have seen 29 You be driven out of the school if you dare to cheat in the exam A shouldB wouldC willD shall 30 Everyone hopes that we can do something to make things better so we can t help under the stress A but workingB but to workC workD but work 31 We all think that no need to make laws to prevent the young from getting married during their college life A it isB there hasC it hasD there is 32 Postage the necklace will cost you at least 650 yuan A includingB includedC includeD to be included 33 With his eyes on the family album he thought of the fun he had when he lived with his parents A fixingB fixedC to be fixedD being fixed 34 George applied for the position three times he finally got it A beforeB untilC whenD after 35 This robot is supposed to save a lot of labor but it remains a problem if it A isB savesC doesD has 高三英语 蒋老师工作室 天道酬勤天道酬勤 相信自己相信自己 10 36 There were many more people who got injured in the big fire than A was reportedB it was reported C were reportedD they were reported 37 He doesn t know what to say for it is the first time that he with a girl A went outB goes outC has gone outD had gone out 38 which way to take the little boy behaved like a real gentleman who comforted his sister from time to time A Leaving to wonderB Having left to wonder C Left wonderingD Left to wonder 39 During the tourist season there are many people wandering in this city to see the old castles in the sixteenth century A to be builtB being built C having been built D built 40 When do you think start the new attack A they willB will theyC they can D can they 41 Some 25 000 people were reported in the ever recorded worst earthquake in Iran which occurred late this month A were killedB to be killedC killingD to have been killed 42 the teacher s suggestion Tom finally found a way to settle the problem A FollowingB To followC Follow D He followed 43 that no one was ever prepared for it A So suddenly did the bad news come B So suddenly the bad news came C So did the bad news come suddenly D Did the bad news come so suddenly 44 the friendship between our two people last forever and with this sincere hope the president concluded his speech A CouldB MayC WouldD Must 45 We need a more capable leader with strong will and as well as good humour A whoB thatC one D which 46 Many people attend various public lectures chiefly themselves familiar with the latest development of different fields A gettingB to getC to have gotD got 47 It is no longer a problem the poor children in this district can go to school A that B whether C so D because 48 Of all the applicants do you think is fit for the position A whoB whoeverC whomeverD whichever 49 Part of the work is to be finished today and by this weekend A anotherB the othersC the restD the other 50 Generally speaking the hard one works 高三英语 蒋老师工作室 天道酬勤天道酬勤 相信自己相信自己 11 A the better he gets resultB the better result he gets C he gets better resultD does he get better result 51 With the worldwide oil crisis the price of oil has been raised 15 A aboutB withC ofD by 52 The lectures the current international issues are well received A are coveredB coveredC coveringD to cover 53 Peter is very angry about of the changed timetable A not informingB not being informed C being not informedD not to be informed 54 It is that terrorism is a great threat to world peace A widely accepted B widely accepting C wide accepted D wide accepting 55 The house built of stone lasts longer than built of wood A the oneB oneC thatD its 56 E mail as well as telephones more and more popular in daily communication A have becomeB becomeC are becomingD is becoming 57 This kind of cloth well A washes B wash C is washed D is washing 58 What do you mean saying that you ve never heard of it before A in B by C as D with 59 He s an intelligent boy He made such a foolish mistake A can t have B may not have C might not have D mustn t have 60 Each of the engineers and professors is working hard at their posts to accomplish the goal as soon as possible A wish B for wishing C wishing D to wish 61 It is just as hard to persuade my wife not to dance to keep me from the football field A so it isB as it isC so is itD as is it 62 It was dark and cold They had to find a house and some wood A to stay in to make a fire with B to stay to make a fire with C to stay in to make a fire D to stay to make a fire 63 Some of the middle aged people to the meeting were famous professors A were invitedB who invited C inviting D invited 64 Most green vegetables for too long will lose nutrition A if to be cookedB if cooked C if cookingD if being cooked 65 you dislike ancient buildings Warrick Castle is worth a visit A As B If C Even if D Now that 66 the expense I a round the world tour A Were it not would take B If it were not take C Weren t it for will take D If it hadn t been for would have taken 67 from the top of the mountain the whole city looks beautiful A Seen B Seeing C See D Looked 68 the essay a second time the hidden meaning will become clearer to you A While readingB After reading C Your having readD When you read 高三英语 蒋老师工作室 天道酬勤天道酬勤 相信自己相信自己 12 69 impressed the visitors deeply was the workers made with their hands A What that B That thatC What whatD That what 70 The newspaper s owner and editor away on holiday A isB areC beD have been 71 Recent estimates show that more than two million bird watchers