英语国家国情所有QUIZ整理

工商 6 班期末复习 英语国家概况复习 同学们 期末考复习 看课后习题和下面这些 QUIZ 的题 考选择 判断 翻译 简答题 问答题 必须答满 100 字 只有美国和英国部分有问答题 注 意考美国和英国部分占的比例比较大 建议美国和英国的课后选择和判断必须 看 加油 考试时间 5 月 18 日 12 点到 14 点 地点 xnc402 英国部分 Quiz1 I Blank 1 The official name of the U K is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2 The three political divisions of the U K are England Scotland and Wales II Translation Anglo Saxons 盎格鲁 撒克逊人 III True or false 1 The longest river in Britain is the Thames River which is only 338 kilometers long F The second largest and the most important river IV Multiple choices 1 B is the capital city of Scotland A Belfast Northern Ireland B Edinburgh C Aberdeen D Cardiff Wales 2 Under D the feudal system in England was completely established A King Alfred B Henry C Edward D William the Conqueror 3 The Norman Conquest in English history happened in C A 1035 B 1042 C 1066 D 1606 4 As a result of the Black Death A A much land was left untended and there was a shortage of labor B landowners tended to change from sheep farming to arable farming C the government did not show much concern about the labor shortage D the government took several measures to raise the peasants wages V Give brief answers to the following questions 1 What is the meaning of the Norman Conquest It marked the establishment of feudalism in England 工商 6 班期末复习 2 What is the Commonwealth of Nations The Commonwealth of Nations is a free association of independent countries that was once colonies of Britain Quiz2 1 Samuel Johnson s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of C A grammar B handwriting C spelling D pronunciation 2 At present nearly B of the world s population communicates in English A half B a quarter C one third D one fifth 3 Which one of the following statements is not the cause for the outbreak of the Hundred Years Wars D A Territorial causes B Trade Conflicts C National identities D Religion bias 1 The Celtic people are the earliest known inhabitants of Britain T 2 People in different parts of Britain like to use the name of England to refer to their country F 3 Henry II built up a large empire which includes England and most of France T 4 The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and the townspeople F 5 The Hundred Years War was a series of wars fought between England and France for trade and territory F 1 Great Council was known as the earliest parliament 2 By the end of the Hundred Years War the English had lost all the territories they had gained during the war except the French port of Calais 加莱 1 What is the spirit of The Great Charter A limitation of the power of the king 2 Why did the English become more important after the Black Death The laboring and merchant classes grew in economic and social importance after the Black Death so English also grew in importance compared to French Quiz3 工商 6 班期末复习 1 In 1534 Henry VIII issue the Act of Supremacy and declared himself to be the only supreme head of the church of England 2 Newfoundland is the first British colony overseas in 1584 3 The House of Tudor turned England a national state with a centralized government and started changing from a medieval to modern country T 4 A conflict of interests and colonial rivalry divided Europe into 2 camps the Central Powers 同盟国 and the Allied Powers 协约国 Britain belonged to the Central Powers F Britain belonged to the Allied Powers 5 By the Late 7th century D became the dominant religion in England A Celtic Christianity B Anglo Saxon Christianity C Germanic Christianity D Roman Christianity 基督教 6 The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII s effort to A A divorce his wife B break with Rome C support the Protestants D declare his supreme power over the church 7 A was passed after the Glorious Revolution 光荣革命 A Bill of Rights B Act of Supremacy C Provisions of Oxford D Magna Carta 8 constitutional monarchy 君主立宪制 9 Why did Britain cooperate closely with the United State after World War II Because they were allied during the war and shared the same worries about the former Soviet Union 10 What were the results of the Industrial Revolution in Britain Britain became the most advanced industrial country and also the financial center in the world Urbanization took place and many new cities sprang up The capitalist class 资产阶级 replaced the old nobility 贵族 as the most important force in the country meanwhile a large proletariat 无产阶级 class came into being Quiz 4 1 Parliament today consists of the King or Queen the House of Lords and the House of Commons 工商 6 班期末复习 2 The House of Commons is a center of parliamentary power T 3 A general election is held every five years in the 646 constituencies of Britain T 4 Generally speaking the British Parliament operates on a B system A single party B two party C three party D multi party 5 The members in the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected F 6 The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament T 7 In reality the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers 8 What is the British political system Britain is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy 9 Life peers 爵位不能世袭的终身贵族 10 What are the three functions of the House of Commons The three functions are to draft laws to scrutinize 仔细检查 strain the activities of the government and to influence future government policy Quiz5 1 Thatcher s revolution turned out to be a great success in dealing with all British economic and social problems F 2 The legal systems in England Wales Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law organization and practice F 3 The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament T 4 London Stock Exchange 伦敦证券交易所 5 Lloyd s 劳合社 6 discount house 贴现公司 7 Privy Council 枢密院 8 The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on D A passing the bills B advising the government C political parties D public attitude 9 Britain has devoted C of its land area to agriculture A 54 B 64 C 74 D 84 10 Coal mining industry in Britain provides B of the energy consumed in the country A 1 3 B 1 4 C 1 5 工商 6 班期末复习 D 2 3 11 The car industry in Britain is mostly A A foreign owned B state owned C joint venture D privately owned 12 What are the characteristics of Britain s agriculture Britain agriculture is characterized by a small portion of the population engaged in agricultural activities with a high degree of mechanization 13 What were the major causes of Britain s relative economic decline in the postwar period First Britain suffered great losses in the two World War and gone heavily into debt to finance the war Second the ear of the Britain Empire was over Third Britain was forced to maintain an expensive military presence Forth Britain had to make substantial financial contributions to NATO and UN Council Finally Britain failed to invest in industry QUIZ 6 1 Education in Britain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and 15 5 16 F 2 The National Curriculum is compulsory in the state system but optional in the independent system F 3 In Britain where you are educated is still very important to your future T 4 Which of the following is a privately funded university in Britain D A The University of Cambridge B The University of Oxford C The University of Edinburgh D The University of Buckingham 5 In the examination called the 11 plus students with academic potential go to A A grammar school B comprehensive school C public school D technical school 6 In Britain the great majority of parents send their children to C A private schools B independent schools C state schools D public schools 7 sixth form 第六级学院 8 open university 开放性大学 9 Oxbridge 剑桥和牛津大学的绰号 10 In what ways do British universities enjoy complete academic freedom British universities enjoy complete academic freedom because they can appoint their 工商 6 班期末复习 own staff decide which students to admit provide own courses and award their own degrees 爱尔兰共和国爱尔兰共和国 Chapter7 1 The island of Ireland is the second largest island in Europe T 2 Ireland is a republic with a parliamentary government T 3 The head of Irish government is the President from the House of Representatives F The head of government is the Prime Minister appointed by the president in the nomination of the House of Representatives And the head of state is the President which elected by direct vote of the people for a term seven years and may not serce more than two terms 4 There are two dominant official languages in Ireland Gaelic Irish and English T 5 Roman Catholic in Ireland is the only one religion F 不是 only one 6 The earliest inhabitants in Irland were Celtic tribes from Europe F Human habitation in Irelan dates back to almost 7000 BC when hunter gatherers from Britain occupied the island 7 It was said that Christianity was introduced into Ireland by D A the Vikings B the Normans C Brian Boru D Saint Patrick 8 The B resulted in the Irish Civil War A Act of Union B Unilateral Declaration of Independence C Anglo Irish Treaty D Anglo Irish Agreement E 9 Why was Cork given the nickname the Rebel County Because people of Cork fought to overthrow English rules as early as in 1491 and they are proud of their participation in the Irish War of Independence and the Irish Civil War 10 What are the reasons for the population decline in Ireland 1 A lot of Irish emigrated to the US and Canada 2 Low birth rate 3 There are lots of elder youth and they get married very late 美国部分美国部分 QUIZ8 1 America was named after Amerigo Vespucci who arrived on the new continent after Columbus T 工商 6 班期末复习 2 The Mississippi River is the longest river in North America T 3 Chinatown in Los Angeles is the second largest city in America after New York T 4 The majority of American people are descendants of the European immigrants F Blacks 5 Pilgrim Fathers 清教徒前辈移民 6 Great Famine 大饥荒 7 In 1965 the Immigration Act gave an equal chance to all foreigners seeking entry to the United States regardless of where they came from T 8 The United Sates has states on the continent C A 50 B 49 C 48 D 35 9 Why is the United Sates regarded as a melting pot and a salad P117 The US is not merely a nation but a nation of nations The immigrants came in waves including the Europeans the Africans and the Asians Therefore America was described as a melting pot where various racial and ethnic groups were combined into one culture Recently Americans have been called a salad in that people of different races and ethnic groups mix harmoniously but at the same time keep their distinct culture and custom QUIZ 9 1 The United States has C states on the Continent A 50 B 49 C 48 D 35 2 The state of A is the largest in area of all the states A Alaska B Hawaii C Texas D Florida 3 The longest river in the U S is B A the Missouri River B the Mississippi River C the Ohio River D the Colorado River 4 C is located on the US Canadian border between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario A Yellowstone National Park B The Grand Canyon C Niagara Falls D The Great Salt Lake 5 The native Alaskan population includes the following except the D A Indians B Eskimos C Aleuts D Blacks 工商 6 班期末复习 6 The largest minority in the United States is the B A Pacific Islanders B Blacks C Native Americans D Asians 7 The Immigrants Act of 1924 restricted the further immigration into the United States particularly from A A Europe B Asia C Africa D South America 8 Pilgrim Fathers are a group of B who came to America to avoid persecution in England A Protestant B Puritans C Catholics D Christmas 1 The eastern highlands formed by the Appalachians hold one third of the country s continental territory F one sixth of 2 The climate in the United States can be classified as temperate with some mild subtropical zones T 3 Almost through the middle of the United States north to south runs a well known 50 centimeter rainfall line T 4 New York is the commercial and financial center of the United States and it is composed of five boroughs including Manhattan Brooklyn the Bronx Staten Island and Queens T 5 San Francisco is the second largest city after New York and the world famous Hollywood and Disneyland are located here F Hollywood and Disneyland are located Los Angeles 6 Half of the US population lives in the western metropolitan centers F 20 7 The Blacks brought from Africa to America usually worked on plantations or farms in the North F South 8 During the 1830s and 1840s many northern Europeans and Irish immigrants came to America T 9 Almost half of the immigrants coming to the United States in the 1980s were Asians T 10 Basic American cultural values are freedom equality and desire to work hard for a higher standard of living T 11 America was named after Amerigo Vespucci who arrived on the new continent after Columbus T 工商 6 班期末复习 QUIZ 10 9 The first successful English colony in North America was founded at in C p118 A Jamestown Louisiana B Boston Massachusetts C Jamestown Virginia D Plymouth Georgia 10 Pilgrim Fathers are a group of who came to America to avoid persecution in England B A Protestant B Puritans 清教徒 C Catholics D Christmas 11 The Seven Years War occurred between the C A French and American Indians B French and Spaniards C French and British D British and American Indians 12 No taxation without representation was the rallying slogan of D A the settlers of Virginia B the people of Pennsylvania C the colonies in New England D the people of the 13 colonies 13 The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in B A Concord B Lexington 列克星顿 C Philadelphia D Boston 14 In May 1775 B was held in Philadelphia and began to assume the function of a national government A the First Continental Congress B the Second Continental Congress C the Boston Tea Party D the Congress of Confederation 12 The second Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia and the Continental Army and Navy were found under the command of Thomas Jefferson F George Washington 13 Basic American cultural values are freedom equality and desire to work hard for a higher standard of living T 1 What does the slogan no taxation without representation The colonists resented the taxes and resisted the quartering of soldiers insisting that they could be taxed only by their own colonial assemblies 2 What is the theory of politics that is central to the Western political tradition According to Declaration of Independence that men have a natural right to Life Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness that government can rule only with the 工商 6 班期末复习 consent of the governed that any government may be dissolved when it fails to protect the rights of the people 3 The Meaning of the Treaty of Paris 1783 With the signing of the treaty the US won its independence QUIZ 11 Multiple Choices 15 The Vietnam War was a long time suffering for Americans and it continued throughout the terms of Presidents D A Johnson Nixon and Ford B Truman Eisenhower and Kennedy C Kennedy Johnson and Nixon D Eisenhower Kennedy and Johnson 16 The US Constitution came into effect in B A 1787 B 1789 C 1791 D 1793 17 The US Constitution C A gives the most power to Congress B gives the most power to the President C tries to give each branch enough power to balance others D gives the most power to the Supreme Court 18 The Bill of Rights B A defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the President B guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedom C is part of the Declaration of Independence D has no relationship with the Constitution 19 The following except B are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights A freedom of religion B the right to get into people s house by police C freedom of speech and of press D the right to own one s weapon if one wishes 20 All the following except C cannot make legislative proposal A a senator B a representative 工商 6 班期末复习 C the Secretary of State D the president 21 The following except C are all powers of the President A vetoing any bills passed by Congress B appointing federal judges when vacancies occur C making laws D issuing executive orders 22 According to the US Constitution a candidate for president must be D A at least 35 years old B at least a 14 years resident of the U S C born in America D all of above 23 The terms for a senator and representative are and years respectively D A two four B two three C two six D six two 24 The Supreme Court is composed of justices D A six B seven C eight D nine 25 The president is directly voted into office by C A all citizens of America B the citizens over 18 years old C electors elected by the voters D the senators and representatives True or False 14 Many American people approved of the Vietnam War F opposed 15 The symbol of the Democratic Party is an elephant and a donkey represents the Republican Party F donkey elephant 16 The Democrats favor an economic system which gives enterprises a greater freedom and demand that the government control inflation F Republicans Translation 1 Watergate Scandal 水门事件 2 Truman Doctrine 杜鲁门主义 工商 6 班期末复习 3 Taliban regime 塔利班政权 Questions 1 What are the characteristics of American Constitution 1 checks and balances 2 The powers of the central government and the powers of state governments are specified 2 What is checks and balances Government consists of three parts the legislature he executive and the judiciary each branch has powers that the others do not have and each branch has a way of counteracting and limiting any wrongful action by other branch Quiz 13 Multiple Choices 26 America produces a major portion of the World s products in the following fields except C A machinery B automobiles C ore D chemicals 27 The modern American economy progressed from to and eventually to C A colonial economy handcraft economy industrial economy B farming economy handcraft economy industrial economy C colonial economy farming economy industrial economy D handcraft economy farming economy industrial economy 28 Chartered companies were NOT granted the by t