高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解练习（五）5.doc

四川洪雅县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮练习阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。Stephen William Hawking was born on January 8,1942(300 years after the death of Galileo)in Oxford，England.His parents house was in North London，but during the Second World War Oxford was considered a safer place to have babies.When he was eight，his family moved to St Albans，a town about 20 miles north of London.At eleven Stephen went to St All.School，and then on to University College，Oxford，his fathers old college.Stephen wanted to do mathematics，although his father would have preferred medicine.Mathematics was not available at University College，so he did physics instead.Stephen then went on to Cambridge to do research in cosmology(宇宙论)After gaining his PHD，he became first a research fellow，and later on a professional fellow at Gonville & Caius College.After leaving the Institute of Astronomy in 1973 Stephen came to the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics，and since 1979 has held the post of Lucasian Professor of Mathematics.The chair was founded in 1663 with money left in the will of the Reverend Henryucas，who had been the Member of Parliament for the University.It was first held by Isaac Barrow，and then in 1669 by Isaac Newton.His many publications include The Large Scale Structure of Spacetime with GF.R.Ellis，General Relativity ：An Einstein Centenary Survey with WIsrael，and 300 Years of Gravity with WIsrael.Stephen Hawking had two popular books published：his best seller A Brief History of Time，and his later book，Black Holes and Baby Universes and other essays.“My goal is simple.It is a complete understanding of the universe，why it is as it is and why it exists at all，”Hawking said.1Hawkings father would like Hawking to learn_.Amathematics BphysicsCmedicine Dcosmology答案：C根据第一段倒数第二句“Stephen wanted to do mathematics，although his father would have preferred medicine.”可知，父亲想让霍金学习医学。2Which one of the following is NOT right about the description of Hawking?A. Hawking was born on the 300th anniversary of Galileos death.BHawking went to school at the age of eleven.CHawking liked physics best when he was young.DHawking，together with WIsrael wrote two of his works.答案：C根据第一段的内容可知，斯蒂芬霍金最早较喜欢数学，但学习了物理专业，是因为那所大学没有数学专业。3All the people has held the post of Lucasian Professor of Mathematics except_.AHenry Lucas BStephen HawkingCIsaac Barrow DIsaac Newton答案：A文章第二段中介绍了艾萨克贝若，艾斯克牛顿和斯蒂芬霍金都担任这个职务，故A项符合题意。4What Hawking said in the last passage means that_.A. he would like to lead a simple lifeBhe would devote his life to the research of the universeChe has understood the great law of the universeDit is easy for him to understand the universe答案：B联系上下文和最后一段霍金所说的“My goal is simple.It is a complete understanding of the universe.”反映了他献身宇宙科学研究的决心。5The BEST title for this passage is most likely to be“_”AHawkings happy familyBHawking and his colleaguesCHawkings great worksDHawkinga great scientist答案：D本文主要介绍了斯蒂芬霍金的生平，他对宇宙科学理论的研究成果以及他献身宇宙科学研究的决心，故D项符合题意。科普知识（阅读理解）由 (2013辽宁,C)改编Here is an astonishing and significant fact: Mental work alone cant make us tired.It sounds absurd.But a few years ago,scientists tried to find out how long the human brain could labor without reaching a stage of fatigue (疲劳).To the amazement of these scientists,they discovered that blood passing through the brain,when it is active,shows no fatigue at all! If we took a drop of blood from a day laborer,we would find it full of fatigue toxins (毒素) and fatigue products.But if we took blood from the brain of an Albert Einstein,it would show no fatigue toxins at the end of the day.So far as the brain is concerned,it can work as well and swiftly at the end of eight or even twelve hours of effort as at the beginning.The brain is totally tireless.So what makes us tired?Some scientists declare that most of our fatigue comes from our mental and emotional (情感的) attitudes.One of Englands most outstanding scientists,J.A.Hadfield,says,“The greater part of the fatigue from which we suffer is of mental origin.In fact,fatigue of purely physical origin is rare.” Dr.Brill,a famous American scientist,goes even further.He declares,“One hundred percent of the fatigue of a sitting worker in good health is due to emotional problems.”What kinds of emotions make sitting workers tired? Joy? Satisfaction? No! A feeling of being bored,anger,anxiety,tenseness,worry,a feeling of not being appreciatedthose are the emotions that tire sitting workers.Hard work by itself seldom causes fatigue.We get tired because our emotions produce nervousness in the body.1.What surprised the scientists a few years ago?()A.Fatigue toxins could hardly be found in a laborers blood.B.Albert Einstein didnt feel worn out after a days work.C.The brain could work for many hours without fatigue.D.A mental workers blood was filled with fatigue toxins.2.According to the author,which of the following can make sitting workers tired?()A.Challenging mental work.B.Unpleasant emotions.C.Endless tasks.D.Physical labor.3.Whats the authors attitude towards the scientists ideas?()A.He agrees with them.B.He doubts them.C.He argues against them.D.He hesitates to accept them.4.We can infer from the passage that in order to stay energetic,sitting workers need to .A.have some good foodB.enjoy their workC.exercise regularlyD.discover fatigue toxins语篇解读:科学家们研究发现,单纯的脑力劳动不会使人感到劳累。真正使人感觉疲劳的是一些不良的情感态度。答案及剖析:1.C细节理解题。根据第一段中的To the amazement of these scientists,they discovered.可知,大脑活跃时,流经大脑的血液没有表现出疲劳。故C项正确。2.B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知,使脑力劳动者疲劳的主要原因是不良的情感问题,如:厌烦、生气、焦急、紧张、忧虑等,故B项正确。3.A推理判断题。本文主要介绍了科学家的研究成果,作者对此进行了进一步的分析、论证,对情感态度导致人疲劳的观点持肯定态度,并未对此进行质疑,故A项正确。4.B推理判断题。根据最后两段的叙述可知,不良的心理和情感态度是导致脑力劳动者疲劳的主要原因,因而保持好的心理状态才会感觉精力充沛;B项意为“喜欢他们的工作”,符合文意,这就避免了导致疲劳的烦躁、气愤等情感。其余几项都与导致疲劳的因素无关,故排除。【疑难词汇解读】appreciate vt. 感激Id appreciate it if you let me get on with my job.如能让我继续工作,我会非常感激的。【长难句子分析】If we took a drop of blood from a day laborer条件状语从句,we would findit full of fatigue toxins and fatigue products主句.如果从一个劳动了一天的人身上取一滴血,我们就会发现血中充满了疲惫的因素及产物。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。【黑龙江哈尔滨第六中学四模】 People living on parts of the south coast of England face a serious problem. In 1993, the owners of a large hotel and of several houses discovered, to their horror, that their gardens had disappeared overnight. The sea had eaten into the soft limestone(石灰岩) cliffs on which they had been built. While experts were studying the problem, the hotel and several houses disappeared altoghter, sliding down the cliff into sea.Erosion(侵蚀) of the white cliffs along the south coast of England has always been a problem but it has become more serious in recen years. Dozens of homes have had to be abandoned as the sea has crept farther and farther inland. Experts have studied the areas most affected and have drawn up a map for local people, forecasting the year in which their homes will be swallowed up by the hungry sea.【参考答案】60、CBBD 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。【黑龙江哈尔滨第六中学四模】Win a Week in England You still dont know what to do this summer? Well, heres your chance to win a one week language course in Kent, England! Free4Fun and ETC(English Travel Connections) are giving away two trips to Rochester. This historic city is less than an hours drive from London and close to the sea resort of Herne Bay. It is also the home of one of Englands most famous writers, Charles Dickens. The town of Rochester is in Southeast England. Charles Dickens often wrote about it in his books. His home, Gads Hill, is there, too. A popular attraction is Rochester Castle, a large Norman fortress(堡垒). It was built in the 11th century and rebuilt during the 14th century. Other attractions are Rochester Cathedral, which was built during the 13th century, and Dickens Centre. It has got its name in honour of Dickens himself. The trip to England includes: * travel by train (via the Eurotunnel) to and from any railway station in Germany * room and full board with a guest family for one week * language course in small groups * two trips to London * large choice of sports and entertainment * German-speaking advisors available 24 hours a dayInterested? All you have to do is to answer the following question: When was Charles Dickens born?So, take the chance and send your answer by May 1 to:Free4Fun “ Rochester ”Free4Fun, 24 Elphinstone Road, Hastings, 2FQ6VJfax: 089/85-763-103e-mail: The two winners will be contacted directly before May 5. They will also be announced in the June issue of Free4Fun. Good luck!For further information contact:phone: ( 03212 ) 144-43fax: ( 03212 ) 144-42e-mail: 64. Rochester Cathedral was built in the _. A. 1400s B1300s C1200s D1100s65. What activities can you participate in during he trip?AEnjoying sports and entertainment.BLearning the German language.CTraveling by train with a guest family.DWorking as a language advisor.66This advertisement was designed to target _.A. Italians B. Germans C. Europeans D. Americans【参考答案】64、CAB 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。【黑龙江哈尔滨第六中学四模】 Most parents possess consciousness of security(安全意识) but Australian wrens(鹪鹩) take it to another level. They have no choice: mother wrens ofte