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福建大田县2017高考英语一轮阅读理解选习题(二)(2016高考训练)阅读下列材料,从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。体裁:说明文话题:能源安全词数:319时间:5Nuclear powers danger to health, safety, and even life itself can be summed up in one word: radiation.Nuclear radiation has a certain mystery about it, partly because it cannot be detected by human senses.It cant be seen or heard, or touched or tasted, even though it may be all around us.There are other things like that.For example, radio waves are all around us but we cant detect them, sense them, without a radio receiver.Similarly, we cant sense radioactivity without a radiation detector.But unlike common radio waves, nuclear radiation is not harmless to human beings and other living things.At very high levels, radiation can kill an animal or human being immediately by killing masses of cells in vital organs.But even the lowest levels can do serious damage.There is no level of radiation that is completely safe.If the radiation does not hit anything important, the damage may not be serious.This is the case when only a few cells are hit, and if they are killed immediately, your body will replace the dead cells with healthy ones.But if the few cells are only damaged, and if they reproduce themselves, you may be in trouble.They can grow into cancer.Sometimes this does not show up for many years.This is another reason for some of the mystery about nuclear radiation.Serious damage can be done without the victim being aware at the time that damage has occurred.A person can be irradiated(辐射)and feel fine, then die for cancer five, ten, or twenty years later as a result.Or a child can be born weak as a result of radiation absorbed by its grandparents.Radiation can hurt us.We must know the truth.【语篇解读】核能源对健康、安全、甚至是生命本身的危害都能用一个词来概括:辐射。1What is the most dangerous factor of nuclear power?AAmount. BQuantity. CRadiation. DPlace.答案C由第一段,可知C正确。2Which of the following statements is TRUE?ANuclear radiation can do little harm to human beings.BNuclear radiation can do harm to human beings.CNuclear radiation can be detected by human senses.DNuclear radiation is just like common radio waves.答案B由第一段,以及第三段第一、二、三句, 可知B正确,那么A就错了。根据第二段,可知C、D错误。3How can nuclear radiation kill an animal?ABy damaging its heart.BBy killing a few cells in its body.CBy hitting any place in its body.DBy killing many cells in important organs.答案D由第三段第一句,可知辐射通过大量破坏重要器官的细胞,导致动物死亡。4Nuclear radiation has a certain mystery because _Ait can do harm to a person while the victim doesnt knowBhuman beings learn its harmfulnessCnuclear radiation can kill a person very easilyDhuman beings have no effective machine to detect nuclear radiation答案A由第二段第一句可知,辐射神秘之处在于,受害者在毫不知情的情况下就受到辐射的伤害了。5If a human being is hit by nuclear radiation, he may _Adie of cancer after many yearsBdie immediatelyChave a child who may be born weakDall of the above答案D由倒数第二段最后两句可知,若人被辐射了,会因此患上癌症,并于几年后死亡。2016高考英语阅读理解-健康保健类 Do you love the holidays,but hate the pounds that follow? You are not alone. Holidays are times for feasting and celebrating. Many people are worried about their weight.With proper planning,though,it is possible to keep normal weight during the holidays. Whether it is celebrating at the office party or sitting down for the traditional family dinner,regard eating as a time for tasting a variety of the foods.The idea is to enjoy the holidays but not to eat too much. You dont have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy. Here are some tips for preventing weight gain and maintaining physical fitness: Dont skip meals.Before you leave home,have a small,low-fat meal or snack.This may help to avoid getting too excited before delicious foods. Control portions.Use a small plate (about 10 inches) and put aside the large ones that may encourage you to “load up.” You should be most comfortable eating an amount of food about the size of your fist. Once you have your “tasting” serving,move away from the buffet(自助餐). Doing so will make it less tempting to be eating constantly as your appetite is inspired by the sight of food. Begin with soup and fruit or vegetables. Fill up beforehand on water-based soup and raw fruit or vegetables. Or drink a large glass of water before you eat to help you feel full. Stick to physical activity. Dont let exercise take a break during the holidays. A 20-minute walk after a meal can help burn off excess calories. Avoid high-fat foods. Dishes that look oily or creamy may have a large amount of fat. Choose lean meats. Fill your plate with salad and green vegetables. Use lemon juice instead of dessert or butter.【小题1】Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? AYou had better turn your attention away from delicious foods.BDrinking some water or soup before eating helps you eat less.CHolidays are happy days with pleasure but they may bring weight problems.DPhysical exercise can reduce the chance of putting on weight.【小题2】Which of the following CANNOT help lose weight according to the passage? ALean meats.BDessert or butter.CRaw fruit or vegetables.DPhysical exercise.【小题3】Many people cant control their weight after the holidays mainly because they _. Acant help being tempted to eat constantlyBtake part in too many partiesCenjoy delicious foodsDcant help turning away from the foods【小题4】If the passage appears in the newspaper,you think it should belong to _ Column. AHolidays and FestivalsBHealth and FitnessCFashion and FrontierDStudent Times Club 2016高考英语阅读理解-健康保健类Parties and social gatherings no longer excite us the same way they once did. This is not due to a lack of desire to socialize, but the smartphone.At parties, more people are on their smartphones than on their drinks. According to a recent International Data Corporation study, well over half of all Americans have a smartphone and reach for it the moment they wake up, keeping it in hand all day. In addition, too much of society is using smartphones while driving and as a result getting into car crashes. 34 percent of teens admit to text while driving, and they confirm that text messaging is their number one driving interruption. Peoples attachment to their smartphones is unbelievably becoming more important than the lives of themselves and others. Just as drivers dismiss the importance of focusing while on the road, many people also fail to recognize the significance of human interaction. When with their friends, some people pointlessly check or send text messages in the presence of a friend, which sends a message to that friend the person I am texting is more important than you. In addition, relying on our smartphone to make friends does not give us the same advantage as being able to make new friendships in the real world. Face-to-face conversations will give us much stronger communication skills in the long run. As many people risk their lives and the lives of people around them just to send a text or mindlessly check their massages, smartphones are in many ways more dangerous to people. The quality of this technology is de-advancing societal achievements and weakening the value of communication. Not only is the smartphone affecting our desire to interact (交流) face-to-face but it is also lowering societys ability to communicate.【小题1】The purpose of this text is to _. Acall for an end to use the smartphone while drivingBappeal to us to pay attention to communication skillsCexpress concern about the overuse of the smartphoneDadvise us to be cautious about the addiction to the smartphone【小题2】The second paragraph is developed by _. Agiving examplesBlisting figuresCcomparing factsDanalyzing the effects【小题3】The author advocates us to make new friends _. Aby using smartphonesBin a face-to-face wayCin different waysDunder a free circumstance【小题4】Over dependence on the smartphone leads to the fact that _. Aparties and gatherings limit their social circleBpeople are more and more narrow-mindedCpeoples communication skills are weakenedDface-to-face communication becomes less important 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中,选出最佳选项。President Coolidges statement,“The business of America is business,”still points to an important truth today that business institutions have more prestige (威望) in American society than any other kind of organization, including the government. Why do business institutions possess this great prestige? One reason is that Americans view business as being more firmly based on the ideal of competition than other institutions in society. Since competition is seen as the major source of progress and prosperity by most Americans, competitive business institutions are respected. Competition is not only good in itself, it is the means by which other basic American values such as individual freedom, equality of opportunity, and hard work are protected.Competition protects the freedom of the individual by ensuring that there is no monopoly(垄断) of power. In contrast to one, all-powerful government, many businesses compete against each other for profits. Theoretically, if one business tries to take unfair advantage of its customers, it will lose to competing business which treats its customers more fairly. Where many businesses compete for the customers dollar, they cannot afford to treat them like inferiors or slaves.A contrast is often made between business, which is competitive, and government, which is a monopoly. Because business is competitive, many Americans believe that it is more supportive of freedom than government, even though government leaders are elected by the people and business leaders are not. Many Americans believe, then, that competition is as important, or even more important, than democracy in preserving freedom.Competition in business is also believed to strengthen the ideal of equality of opportunity. Competition is seen as an open and fair race where success goes to the swiftest person regardless of his or her social class background. Competitive success is commonly seen as the American alternative to social rank based on family background. Business is therefore viewed as an expression of the idea of equality of opportunity rather than the aristocratic(贵族的) idea of inherited privilege(待遇). 16. The statement “The business of America is business” probably means “ _”.A. The business institutions in America are concerned with commerce B. Business problems are of great importance to the American governm
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