《七选五解题技巧》PPT课件

七选五阅读答题指导 题型解读 试题模式 给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章 对应有七个选项 要求同学们根据文章结构 内容 选出正确的句子 填入相应的空白处 考查重点 主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握 考试说明 选项特点 主旨概括句 文章整体内容 过渡性句子 文章结构 注释性句子 上下文逻辑意义 1 看标题 副标题预测文章大意2 看选项 找出和文章相对应的关键词3 通读全文 查看主题句 分析结构4 看空前空后内容 分析之间的逻辑性5 灵活掌握答题顺序 先易后难 6 代入答案 重点核查逻辑关系 解题步骤 报纸新题型第一期第一节 七选五 解题技巧 细节类篇章类 细节类型 1 词汇复现法复现 是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段 即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述 复现关系 主要是指同义词复现 近义词复现 反义词复现等 双保险 上下文再核实一下 词汇复现 同词复现 2010全国课标卷 Duringmyfirstmeeting Ipresentedandthenopenedthefloortoquestions 71 Myfirstreactionwastoanswerdefensively B Restatethequestionwithrespect C Someideascanbequiteconcrete D Thereweremanydifficultquestions 词汇复现 反义词复现 2012辽宁卷 Therearetimesinourlivessuchaswhenwehaverecentlymovedintoanewtown orchangedourjobsorschools Suchchangesoftenleavesuswithoutafriend71 Butformanyofustheprocessisdifficultandrequirescourage D Trynottofindfaultwithyourfriends E Makingnewfriendscomeseasyforsomepeople F Forafriendshiptodevelopyouneedtostayintouch Ex1 By2020 Dr DavidDavisbelieves cartechnologywillgivemotoristsaclearviewoftheroad whatevertheweatherconditions byprojectinganimageoftheroadaheadontothecar swindscreen Carswillbeconnectedbyanelectronictowbar 牵引杠 tothecarinfronttoform road trains Everydriverwilluselessfuelinthecarheowns Thecarwillautomaticallyspeedup orslowdown tomatchthespeedofthecarinfront Anditwillnotbeownedbyoneindividual Andby2030 carswilltravelinline linkedtoeachotherelectronically 2 词汇同现法词汇同现是指属于同一词汇或者跟此词汇相关同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现 达到语义衔接的目的 你可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词 从而达到快而准 一般来说 上下文中词汇联系越接近 上下文的衔接关系越紧密 如 Parentsshouldhelptheirchildrenunderstandmoney 71soyoumaystarttalkingaboutmoneywhenyourchildshowsaninterestinbuyingthings candyortoys forexample D Talkyourselfwhatthingsthatcostmoneyaremostimportanttoyou E Askyourselfwhatthingsthatcostmoneyaremostimportanttoyou G Thebesttimetoteachachildanythingaboutmoneyiswhenheshowsaninterest 词汇同现 同一词汇范畴 2011课标全国卷 Ex2 halfofshoppersrefusedtoqueueformorethanfiveminutesinahighstreetshop TheInternet whichallowsshopperstobuymoregoods withjustaclickofthemouse isoneofthereasonwhypeople spatienceappearstobethin A Itwastypicalinthepast B Butitwouldseemwearenolongerpreparedtowaitinline C MorepeopleprefertoclickthemouseforshoppingathomeD Asaresult foodanddrinksellersarehavingtofindnewwaystodelivergoodcustomerservice Ex3 Ontheotherhand theadvantagesofgoingoverseasmayincludeday to dayopportunitiestolearnanewculture meetnewfriendswithwhomyoucanuseandpracticethelanguage andchancestoseedifferentpartsoftheworld Thosedisadvantagesincludeexpense timeawayfromone sschool family Thefollowingareitsadvantages However theremaybeanumberofdisadvantages Consideradistanceeducation Mostofusareadaptedtostudyingatschool 3 代词线索英语表达中代词出现的频率极高 代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念 巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题 代词线索 2012全国课标卷 Trytakingthesefoursteps thenexttimeyouarestressed 1 Getsupport Whenyouneedhelp reachouttothepeoplewhocareaboutyou Talkto trustedadult suchas parentorotherrelatives 72Theymighthavehadsimilarproblems suchasdealingwithatest orthedeathofabelovedpet D Ah itfeelssogoodwhenthestressisgone E Youneedtofigureoutwhattheproblemis F Anddon tforgetaboutyourfriends Ex4 Itisaveryhappydayformanyboysandgirls Beforethetermsendsinsomeschools thechildrenactanativity 基督诞生 or birth play showinghowJesuswasborninastable 马厩 A PeopleareoftenbusygoingshoppingB NowtheChinesepeoplealsocelebrateChristmas C Theturkeyorchickenisquicklyeaten D ChristmasDayfallsonthetwenty fiftyofDecember Ex5 Thathappensinthe1980s And mostrecently shesaysmanykindsofpeoplehavejoinedthemovement Theyrepresentmanyraces regionsandpoliticalbeliefs TheyaremainlyrichpeopleParentschoosehome schoolingforseveralreasons Mostoften theirparentsaretheirteachers Shesaystheseincluderichpeopleandpoorpeople Ex 7 Somechooseitbecauseoftheirreligiousbeliefs Otherssayitprovidesmoretimeforthefamilytobetogether Theysayhomeoffersabetterplaceforlearning Someparents A Soanumberofparentsbeganhome schoolingB Home schoolingisnotacceptedbyallthepeopleC Parentschoosehome schoolingforseveralreasonsD Mostoften theirparentsaretheirteachers 4 逻辑关系线索法 并列与递进关系 and also further moreover what smore either or neither nor notonly butalso firstly secondly thirdly 等 因果关系 so therefore thus hence accordingly consequently asaresult等 转折与让步关系 however nevertheless though yet inspiteof onthecontrary otherwise while ratherthan evenif despite fortunately等 逻辑关系线索 并列或递进关系 2012辽宁卷 Thebestwaytoenjoyyourfriendshipistoallowyourfriendstobethemselves 75Trynottochangethemfromwhotheyaretowhatyouwantthemtobe Becomethekindoffriendyouwillwantyourfriendtobetoyou B Dothingstogether C Donotwaittobespokento D Trynottofindfaultwithyourfriends Ex 8 ThiscouldbewatchingTVorlisteningtomusic Doingsomeexercisesearlierinthedayshouldhelpyoufeelphysicallyaswellasmentallytired However coffeeorteashouldbeavoidedastheycontaincaffeineandwillkeepyouawake A So what sagoodsleep B AbedtimedrinkcanalsohelpC Havingagoodsleepwillkeepyoulivelythewholeday Ex 9Takinggoodnotesisatimesavingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabetterstudentinseveralways Second yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhenyouarestudyingforatest Third note takingoffers 2008宁夏 海南卷 Usewords notcompletesentences Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper First thesimpleactofwritingsomethingdownmakesiteasierforyoutounderstandandremember Therearethreepracticalnote takingmethods Second 篇章结构类 根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略 1 如果问题在段首或标题通常是段落主题句 认真阅读后文内容 根据段落一致性原则 查找同义词或其他相关的词 推断出主题句 关注每段首尾句 了解大意知主题2 如果问题在段尾通常是结论 概括性语句 注意在选项中查找表示结果 结论 总结等的信号词 如therefore asaresult thus hence inshort tosumup toconclude inaword等词语 选项中也可发现前文的同义词句 空格为段落标题 2010课标全国卷 73Whenapersonisaskingaquestion showinterestandadesiretounderstandthequestionbylisteningandaskingforclarification A Showyourtrueinterest B Restatethequestionwithrespect C Someideascanbequiteconcrete 空格在段尾 2011辽宁卷 BythetimeIwas12 MygrandmotherthoughtIhaddonesuchagoodjobthatshepromotedmetosellingcosmetics 化妆品 Idevelopedtheabilitytolookcustomersdirectlyintheeye EventhoughIwasjustakid womenwouldaskmesuchthingsas WhatcolordoyouthinkIshouldwear Itookarealinterestintheirquestionsandwasabletotranslatewhattheywantedintomakeup 化妆 ideas 74 C Iendedmysellingarecordamountofcosmetics D TodayIstillcarrythatlessonwithme Ilistentocustomers E Mygrandma strusttaughtmehowtohandle Ex 10 Everyday whenshecomesbackhomefromwork shesetsaboutdoinghousework sweepingthelivingroomandbedroomsorcleaningthefurniture andputtingeverythinginorder Sheseemstobebusyallthetime Motherneverbuysexpensivedressesforherself butsheoftenbuyssomeinexpensivebuthighqualityclothesforus A sheenjoyslisteningtoclassmusic B Shenevergoestoexpensiverestaurantstoenjoymeals C Mymotherishard workingandneverwastesmoney D Asamother shetakesgoodcareofusandgivesuseverycomfort 七选五阅读理解题的解题步骤 速读全文 关注每段首尾句 了解大意知主题 浏览选项 理解全篇逻辑关系 找出关键词 1 词汇复现法 复现 复现 3 线索 4 线索 5线索 1 如果问题在段首 标题 段落句 Conclusion 细节类 篇章结构类 2 如果问题在段尾 语句 2 词汇同现法 与此词汇最接近的词同一领域的词汇 同义词 近义词 反义词 复现等 代词 数字 过渡词 主题 结论 概括性 实战演习 PartI Passage1 Surroundyourselfwithhappypeople Itiseasytobegintothinknegativelywhenyouaresurroundedbypeoplewhothinkthatway A Therearesometipsinlifethatleadtohappiness B Beingoverweightornoteatingnutritiousfoodscanhaveanegativeeffectonyourmood C Onthecontrary ifyouarearoundpeoplewhoarehappy theiremotionalstatewillbeinfectious arearound Surround 词汇复现 PartI Passage2 Theimageincludesthewayyoulook thewayyouact thewayyoutalkandthewayyouthink Interestingly ourself imagesareoftenquitedifferentfromtheimagesothersholdaboutus Alwaysloveyourself Self imageisyourownmind spictureofyourself Don tallowdoubtstooccurinit self images Self image image 词汇复现 PartI Passage3 Improvedthinkingabilitieswillhelpthemtounderstandmorebothinacademicsenseandinasanindividual Alwaysloveyourself Thinkingisaskill Creativethinkingtechniquescandevelopchildren smind Thinkingisatool anditissomethingthatcanbesharpened them children 代词线索 PartI Passage4 Theygivemorebackgroundanddetails Theyalsoletyoureadpartsthatareimportanttoyouandskiptherest BothtelevisionandtheInternethavemanydisadvantages Otherhigh techtimesavershavesimilardisadvantages Newspapersandmagazineshavesomeimportantadvantages They Newspapersandmagazines read 代词 词汇同现 PartI Passage6 Psychologiststhinktheremaybemanyreasonswhyviolentgamesaremoreharmfultochildrenthanviolentmovies Firstly playersareactivelyinvolvedinviolence andmaybegintouseweaponsassecondnature A Childrenaremostlikelytobecomeaddictedtoviolentvideogames B Atleast12murderssince1997havebeenlinkedtoanaddictionwithviolentvideogames C Secondly violentgamesproviderepetitiveaggressiveexperiencesthatarerewardedbymorekilling Firstly Secondly 过渡词 递进 PartI Passage7 However therealmoviecapitalisMumbai inIndia MumbaiusedtobeknownasBombay andsothefilmindustrythereiscalled Bollywood A Sometimestheyevenwritethescriptbyhand B MostpeoplethinkthatthecapitalofthemovieworldisHollywood intheUnitedStates C Theymayevenshootscenesforseveralfilmsonthesamedayusingthesameclothes However 转折过渡词 PartII Passage1 UniversitiesinBritainareamagnetforoverseasstu