英语必修四第二单元usinglanguage预学案.doc

Book4 Unit One Using language and Grammar (预学案）教师寄语：The important thing in life is to have a great aim , and the determination to attain it. 人生重要的事情就是确定一个伟大的目标，并决心实现它。教学目标：1.了解一位杰出女性林巧稚，我国著名的妇科疾病专家。 2.掌握重点词汇，句型用法。 3.学习并巩固语法项目：主谓一致教学过程：课前自主学习：:重点词汇: 1. _vt.打算_n.意图 2 ._vt.考；认为_n.考虑；体谅_adj.体谅的 3. _vt.递送；接生_n.投；分娩 4 _vi.谈到；查阅；参考_n.提到；参考；委托_vi现在分词_vi.过去分词：重点短语：1._继续，坚持 2._选择做某事 3._碰巧，凑巧 4._(偶然)遇见；碰见5._一位妇科专家6._降低死亡率7_引起某人注目8_远离疾病9._打算供。使用10._次于11._关心；照料12_接生13._为（某人或某物）付出（时间或精力） 14_查阅；参考；提到15._某人自己的16_后来17._蔑视 预读课文：根据课文内容判断正误：1. Lin Qiao zhi was a specialist in mens diseases. ( )2. She made sure about 50,ooo babies were safely delivered. ( )3. Lin Qiaozhi devoted her whole life to her patients and hadnt a family of her own. ( ) 4 . It was easy for a woman to get medical training at Lin Qiaozhis time. ( )5. Inspired by Lin Qiaozhis example, the writer decided to study at medical college .( )课堂讲练 ： ：阅读课文并理解课文大意及细节内容：. Write down three of Lin Qiaozhis achievements after reading the passage .2. In pairs,ask and answer the questions on Students book page 6. ： 课堂考点探究1 .intend vt._ Intention n._ （1） intend to do /doing sth._ intend sb. to do sth. _(2) intend to have done sth._ (3) had intended to do sth._ (4) intend +that ( 从句中要用（should）+ 动词原形) （5）be intended for_ be intended to do_完成下列句子： （1）What do you_ _ _this weekend?(周末你打算做什麽？) （2）He _ _ _ _the company.(他打算让儿子经营这家公司。)（3）This dictionary _ _ _middle school students.(这本词典是给中学用)(4)I _ _ _(原打算)catch the early bus, but I didnt get up in time. 2. refer to_ referto提交。处理或决定 refer toas把。称作。完成下列句子： （1）His name _ _ _in the meeting.(他的名字在会议上被提及。)（2）Complete the exercise _ _ _a dictionary（不查阅词典）. (3) He _ _ _ _(把病人交给) a specialist for treatment. (4)Camels _ _ _ _(被称为)life-boats in the desert. 3. by chance = by accident Have a /no chance to do/of doing sth._ Take a chance/chances_ Chance to do sth.=happen to sth. Chance on /upon sb./sth. 碰巧遇到 There are chances thatThere a chance that 有。的可能性Chances are that用chance的恰当短语填空：（1）One day, he _Marys diary and began reading it.(2) He _(冒险)by driving a car so fast.(3)There _that he will change his mind.（4）I met her _at the airport.4. Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.译文_.此句中it 是_，真正的是主语是_.It hit me我突然想到。It strikes sb.突然感到。It happens that碰巧。It occurs to sb.突然想到。（1）It_ _ _(我突然想起)all of a sudden I had forgotten her birthday. （2）_ _ _he was out.(他碰巧出去了。)5.It seemed that she had been busy in chosen career ,travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles.译文_. as well as 在此句中为并列连词，连接-_与 _两个并列成分。 It seems/seemed(to sb.) that好像/似乎。 Sb/Sth. seems/seemed to do/be There seems/seemed to be It seems as if/as though 好像/仿佛。 (1)It seems that he has finished his work. He seems _his work. (2)It seems that there is something wrong with the computer. There _ something wrong with the computer. （3）It seemed as if he knew everything.6.Furthing reading made me realize that it was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school.。译文_. 此句是复合句。主句是_。that 引导了一个宾语从句。It wasthat是_.7.There was story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi ,tired after a days work, went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her. 译文_.本句中，how Lin Qiaozhi ,tired after a days work, went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her作of 的_。tired after a days work 是形容词短语作状语。 III: 语法 ：主谓一致在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。寻其规律，大致可归纳为三个原则，即语法一致、意义一致和就近一致原则。（一）语法一致原则：语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。 1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：His father is working on the farm. / To study English well is not easy. / What he said is very important for us all. / The children were in the classroom two hours ago. / Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.注意：由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。如：What I bought were three English books. / What I say and do is (are) helpful to you. 2、由连接词and或both and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。如：Lucy and Lily are twins. / She and I are classmates. / The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. / Both she and he are Young Pioneers. 注意： 若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。如：The writer and artist has come.; / 由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。如：Every student and every teacher was in the room. / No boy and no girl likes it. 3、主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。如：Mr Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China. / Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground. / She, like you and Tom, is very tall. 4、either, neither, each, every 或no +单数名词和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。如：Each of us has a new book. / Everything around us is matter. 注意： 在口语中当either或neither后跟有of+复数名词（或代词）作主语时，其谓语动词也可用复数。如：Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. 若none of后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数；若它后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。如：None of us has (have) been to America. None of the money is mine. 5、在定语从句时，关系代词that, who, which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如：He is one of my friends who are working hard. / He is the only one of my friends who is working hard. 6、如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数；如果它指集体的成员，其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。如：Class Four is on the third floor. / Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor. 注意：people, police, cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如：The police are looking for the lost child. 7、由a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词构成的短语以及由分数或百分数+名词构成的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。如：There are a lot of people in the classroom. / The rest of the lecture is wonderful. / 50% of the students in our class are girls. 注意： a number of许多，作定语修饰复数名词，谓语用复数；the number of的数量，主语是number，谓语用单数。（二）意义一致原则：逻辑意义一致就是谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致（因有时主语形式为单数，但意义为复数；有时形式为复数，但意义为单数）。 1、what, who, which, any, more, all等代词可以是单数，也可是复数，主要靠意义来决定。如：Which is your bag? / Which are your bags? / All is going well. / All have gone to Beijing. 2、表示时间、重量、长度、价值等的名词的复数作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式，这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体，如：Thirty minutes is enough for the work. 3、若英语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。如： The Arabian Nightsis an interesting story-book.4、算式中表示数目（字）的主语通常作单数看待，其谓语动词采用单数形式。如：Twelve plus eight is twenty. / Fifty-six divided by eight is seven.5、一些学科名词是以 -ics 结尾，如：mathematics, politics, physics 以及news, works等，都属于形式上是复数的名词，实际意义为单数名词，它们作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。如：The paper works was built in 1990. / I think physics isnt easy to study. 6、trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes, 等词作主语时，谓语用复数，但如果这些名词前有a (the) pair of等量词修饰时，谓语动词用单数。如：My glasses are broken. / The pair of shoes under the bed is his.7、定冠词the + 形容词或分词，表示某一类人时，动词用复数。 如：The rich are not always happy.（三）就近一致原则：在英语句子中，有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。 1、当两个主语由either or, neither nor, whether or , not only but also连接时，谓语动词和邻近的主语一致。如：Either the teacher or the students are our friends. / Neither they nor he is wholly right. / Is neither he nor they wholly right?2、there be句型be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。如：There are two chairs and a desk in the room. There is a desk and two chairs in the room.主谓一致练习：1. The old _well looked after by the government in China.A. is B. are C. has been D. was2. The teacher and writer_very busy now.A. is B. are C. was D. Were3. Both the secretary and the manager _agreed to attend the meeting.A. has B. have C. are D. was4. Freyman as well as two of his classmates _invited to the party.A. was B. were C. have been D. had been5. Either you or I _going to the teachers office after class.A. am B. is C. are D. will6. Most of his spare time _spent in reading.A. are B. were C. was D. have been7. This is one of the best novels that _appeared this year.A.have been B. has C. had been D. have8. Ten thousand dollars _quite a large sum.A.are B. is C. were D. have9. About 20 percent of the work _done yesterday.A. are B. is C. were D . was10. Mr Smith， together with his children， _arrived.A.are B. has C. is D. have11. It _I who _leaving for London.A.isis B. amis C. isam D. amam12. Not only Tom but also his wife _fond of singing.A. are B. were C. be D. is13. When and where to build the new school_yet.A. is not decided B. are not decidedC. has not decided D. have not decided14. Although the first part of the book is easy， the rest _.A. are difficult B. has proved difficultC. is supposed difficultD. have been found difficult15. That they were wrong in these matters _ now clear to us all.A. is B. was C. are D. were16. Half of his goods _ stolen the other day.A. are B. were C. is D. was17. Mathematics _the language of science.A. are B. are going to be C. is D. is to be18. Each of the students _ a Chinese-English dictionary.A. have B. has C. there is D. there are19. They each _ a beautiful handkerchief.A. have B. has C. there is D. there are20. Between the two rows of trees _the teaching building.A. stand B. stands C. standing D. are21. This pair of shoes _made in Nanjing.A.is B. are C. have been D. had been22. No one except my parents _anything about it.A. know B. knowsC. is knowing D. have known23. A number of students _from the south.A. are B. is C. have D. has24. The number of students from the north _small.A.are B. is C. have D. has25. Writing stories and articles _what I enjoy most，A.is B. are C. was D. were26. His Selected Poems _first published in 1965.A.were B. was C. has been D. are27. Miss Smith is a friend of _.A. Marys mothers B. Marys motherC. Mothers of Mary D. Mary mothers28. A good deal of money _spent on books.A. have B. hasC. have been D. has been29. On the wall _ two large portraits.A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging30. _turn green in spring.A. Leaf B. Leafs C. Leave D. Leaves31. Father went to his doctor for _about his heart trouble.A. an advice B. advice C. advices D. the advices32. All but one _here just now.A. is B. was C. has been D. were33. The number of people invited _fifty， but a number of them _absent for different reasons.A. were; was B. was; wasC. was; were D. were; were34. The air in big cities _very dirty by factories.A. are often made B. is often madeC. have often made D. has often made35. Nobody _to smoke in the cinema.A. allows B. allow C. is allowed D. are allowed36. The Chinese people _hard-working and brave.A. are B. is C. has been D. are being37. _can be done _been done.A. All; have B. All that; haveC. All; has D. All that; has38. John has two brothers， but either _out of work now.A. are B. is C. has D. have39. The police _the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.A. is searching for B. were searching forC. are searching for D. were searching40. Apples of this kind _.A. ta