2014四川高考英语单选分类汇编-教师.doc

一、祈使句用于表达命令，请求，劝告，警告，禁止等的句子叫做祈使句 。 最常用于表达命令，祈使句的对象是第二人称，所以常省略，祈使句的动词都为一般现在时。肯定结构：A，do 型（动词原型+其他成分）， go and wash hands：be quiet B，be型（be+表语（名词或者形容词）+其他成分）， be a good boy C, let 型（let+宾语+动词原型+其他成分），let me help you 否定结构：A. do 型和be型都是在句首加上dont， dont forget me, dont be late for school. B. let 型的否定有两种：“dont let 宾语+ 动词原型+其他成分”和“let+宾语+not +动词原型+其他成分”dont let him go/ let him not go. C有些用no开头。表示禁止性的祈使句。No smoking, no fishing.二、 倒装句型英语句子通常有两种语序：一种是陈述，一种是倒装。将谓语的一部分或全部置于主语之前的语序叫做倒装。倒装可分为两种 ：一. 将整个谓语提到主语之前的叫完全倒装全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有： 1）表示方式或方位的副词或介词短语放在句首，如：here, there, now, then, up, down, in, away, off, in the room, on the wall等例如： Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。 Here is your letter. 你的信。 South of the river lies a small factory. Out rushed the children. Ahead sat an old woman.2）such置于句首时，此时such多被认为是表语。例如： Such are the facts; no one can deny them. 二.只将be、情态动词、助动词放在主语之前的叫做部分倒装，如果句子中没有这些词，要在主语之前加助动词do/does/did等，而把原来的谓语动词变成原型放在主语之后。1、 only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首时。例如： Only in this way can you learn English well. 只有这样，你才能学好英语。 Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 叫了三次，他才来参加会议。 如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。例如： Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 病得狠重时，他才卧床休息。2、 句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until 等。例如： Never have I seen such a performance. 从未见过如此糟糕的表演。 Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。 Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间。 当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。例如： I have never seen such a performance. The mother didnt leave the room until the child fell asleep. 典型例题 1）-Why cant I smoke here? -At no time_ in the meeting-room A. is smoking permittedB.smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permittedD.does smoking permit 答案A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。这些否定词包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time. 2） Not until the early years of the 19th century _ what heat is. A. man did know B. man know C. didnt man know D. did man know 答案D. 看到Not until的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在C，D 中选一个。 改写为正常语序为，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。 3、 以否定词开头作部分倒装 如 Not onlybut also, Hardly/Scarcelywhen, No sooner than等，要倒装。例如： Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. 他没有收下礼物，还狠狠批评了送礼的人。 Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 她刚出门，就有个学生来访。 No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 她刚出门，就有个学生来访。 典型例题 No sooner_ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began B.has the game begun C. did the game begin D.had the game begun 答案D. 以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句（谓语前置）。这类表示否定意义的词有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not onlybut （also）, no soonerthan, hardly when scarcely when等等。 注意：只有当Not only but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构，如Not only you but also I am fond of music。 4、 so, neither, nor位于句首时作部分倒装 用这些词表示也、也不 的句子要部分倒装。例如： Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 汤姆会讲法语，杰克也会。 If you wont go, neither will I.你不去，我也不去。 典型例题 -Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother? -I dont know, _. A. nor dont I careB. nor do I careC. I dont care neitherD. I dont care also 答案：B. nor为增补意思也不关心，因此句子应倒装。A错在用 dont 再次否定，C neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。D缺乏连词。 注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为的确如此。例如： Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. 汤姆邀我去踢球，我去了。 -Its raining hard.-So it is. 雨下得真大。是呀。 5、 as, though 引导的倒装句 as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前（形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。但需注意： 1） 句首名词不能带任何冠词。 2） 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。例如： Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. 他工作很努力，但总不能让人满意。 注意：让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用。 6、其他部分倒装 1） so that 句型中的so 位于句首时，需倒装。例如： So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 他害怕得很，动也不敢动。 2） 在某些表示祝愿的句型中。例如： May you all be happy. 愿你们都快乐。 3） 在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。例如： Were I you, I would try it again. 我是你的话，就再试一次。 典型例题： 1）Not until the early years of the 19th century_ what heat is A. man did know B. man knew C. didnt man know D. did man know 答案为D.否定词Not在句首，要求用部分倒装的句子结构。 2）Not until I began to work _ how much time I had wasted. A. didnt I realizeB. did I realizeC. I didnt realizeD. I realize 答案为B。 3） Do you know Tom bought a new car? I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neitherD. I dont care also 答案为B. 句中的nor引出部分倒装结构，表示也不。由 so, neither, nor引导的倒装句，表示前一情况的重复出现。其中, so用于肯定句, 而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。、倒装句之部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。 三、 强调句型在英文中，句子的主语、宾语、状语都可以写进一定的句式里以表示对它的强调。它们是： 1. It is / was + 被强调的部分 + that ( who, which ) + 句子的其他部分, 2. What is / was 这种句式就称为强调句。强调句主要有两种形式： 1. It is/was + 被强调的部分 + that(who,which) + 句子的其他部分 例子：Ann Peters husband rushed her to a nearby hospital last night. 主语 宾语 状语 昨晚，安妮.彼德的丈夫立即送她去附近医院。 强调主语 It was Ann Peters husband that (who) rushed her to a nearby hospital last night. 昨晚，正是安妮.彼德的丈夫，立即送她去了附近医院。 强调宾语 It was her (she) that (who) Ann Peters husband rushed to a nearby hospital last night.昨晚安妮.彼德的丈夫立即送的是她，去附近医院。 强调状语 It was to a nearby hospital that Ann Peters husband rushed her last night.昨晚安妮.彼德的丈夫立即送她去的就是一家附近的医院。 强调状语 It was last night that Ann Peters husband rushed her to a nearby hospital.就是在昨晚，安妮.彼德的丈夫立即送她去附近医院。 要点提示： 1）当原句叙述的是现在或者将来发生的事情用It is that的句式，当原句叙述的是过去发生的事情则用It was that 的句式。2）在这种强调句式中，一般用that引出句子的其他部分。如果被强调的部分是表示人的意义的名词时，可以用who代替that引出句子的其他部分；如果被强调的部分是表示事物意义的名词时，可以用which代替that引出句子的其他部分。但是，无论被强调的部分是表示地点、还是表示时间意义的名词，都不可以用where 或者when 。例如： It is that man who (that) is teaching our English.就是那个人教我们英语。 It was my telephone number which (that) Miss White happened to know. 怀特小姐碰巧知道的就是我的电话号码。 It is in front of the religious leader that the bride and groom stand together to be married.新郎、新娘通常就是一起站在宗教头领面前举行结婚。2）如果被强调的部分是人称代词，应该用该人称代词的主格形式；在口语或非正式文体中也可以用其宾格形式。 It was she (her) who told the police.就是她报告警察的。 It was you who we were talking about.我们刚刚谈论的就是你。 3）没有强调句子谓语的强调句，但有其通常的强调手段：do / does / did + 动词原形 。例如： I do believe that he is an honest man. 我的确相信他是老实人。 She does like literature. 她确实喜欢文学。 They did go to see you yesterday, but failed to meet you. 他们昨天的确去看过你，但没见到你。 4）What is / was What is / was 是名词从句结构，也是强调句的另一种构成形式。它常用来强调主语、宾语。如果所叙述的是现在或者将来发生的事情用What is that的句式；如果所叙述的是过去发生的事情用What was that的句式。例如： What he wishes most is to become a pilot.（强调宾语） 他最希望的是成为一名飞行员。 What interested me most in that movie was the beautiful scenery of Alps. （强调主语）那部电影使我最感兴趣的是阿尔裨斯山那美丽的风景。 What I like is her speaking manner. （强调宾语） 我喜欢的是她说话的风度。 What encouraged us was the example he set for us. （强调主语） 给予我们鼓励的是他为我们树立的榜样。四交际用语【2013福建】33. -Would you mind answering some questions on shopping habits?-_.A. Yes, with great pleasure. B. No, I am afraid I cant make itC. Yes, it is worth the time D. No, as long as it doesnt take long1【答案】D【解析】考查交际用语。Would you mind?的回答分两个部分来判断，A项“介意；非常乐意”，B项“不介意；恐怕我做不到”，C项“介意；值得花时间”，D项“不介意；只要不会花很长时间”，可知只D项回答不矛盾，故选D。【2013江苏】22. The T-shirt I received is not the same as is shown online. ? But I promise you well look into it right away.A. Who says B. How come C. What for D. Why worry2【答案】B【解析】考查交际用语。A项“谁说的”，B项“怎么会呢”，C项“为何”，D项“何苦呢”。根据句意，选B。【2013江苏】35. Thank you for the flowers. . I thought they might cheer you up.A. Thats right B. All right C. Im all right D. Its all right3【答案】D【解析】考查交际用语。A项“那是正确的”，B项“行；好的”，C项“我很好”，D项“没事，不要紧，没关系”。根据句意选D。【2013江西】21.-Thanks a lot for your book. I found it very interesting.-_. Im glad you enjoyed it.A. All the bestB. It is nothingC. No thanksD. Very well.4【答案】B【解析】考查交际用语。根据语境：非常感谢你的书。我发现这书非常有趣。_。非常高兴你喜欢。可知考查对感谢的回答，故选B（没什么）。【2013辽宁】21. What do you think of the house?_ Its everything weve been looking for.A. Perfect! B. Good idea! C. Not bad. D. So-so.5【答案】A【解析】考查交际用语。根据后句“它正是我们在寻找的东西”，故选A（太完美了）。【2013辽宁】35. Im afraid you have the wrong number.Sorry! _A. See you later B. I didnt know thatC. Hold on, please D. I hope I didnt bother you6【答案】D【解析】考查交际用语。根据语境，拨错了电话号码，道歉，故答案用D，希望没打扰到你。侵权必究 【2013山东】23. How far can you run without stopping? _. Ive never tried. A. Dont mention it B. Thats all right C. I have no ideaD. Go ahead 7【答案】C【解析】考查交际用语。根据后句“我从未尝试过”，可知“我不知道”。故答案选C。 【2013山东】32. This is a really lively party. Theres a great atmosphere, isnt there? _ The hosts know how to host a party. A. Dont worryB. Yes, indeedC. No, theres isnt D. It all depends8【答案】B解析原创：山东省 【解析】考查交际用语。第一个人说：这确实是一个热闹的聚会。气氛很好，对吧？后句说，主持人知道如何主持一个聚会。据此可知回答第一个人时应该肯定，故选B（是的，确实）。【2013陕西】15 -Im tired. Im taking next week off.- , honey. You do need a break. A. Not so sure B. Forget it C. Great idea D. No way9【答案】C【解析】考查交际用语。根据语境：我累了。我下周请假。亲爱的，你确实需要休息。可知此处回答应表示赞成，故选C，Great idea（好主意）。【2013陕西】23. Shall we go for a drink at one oclock this afternoon? - . Will two oclock be OK? A. Sure, its up to you B. Sure, no problem C. Sorry, I cant make it D. Sorry, Im not available today10【答案】C【解析】考查交际用语。第一个人问：一点钟可以吗？第二个人问：两点可以吗？意思是他一点不行。故答案选C。 【2013四川】1.I feel so nervous about the National English Speech Competition tomorrow._. A. I really envy you B. Glad to hear that C. Sounds great D. Take it easy11【答案】D【解析】考查交际用语。第一个说话人句意：明天我要参加全国英语比赛，我很紧张。回答时应该叫他不要紧张。A项“我确实嫉妒你”；B项“听到那个我很高兴”；C项“听起来太棒了”；D项“不要紧张；放松”。D项符合语境。【2013天津】1. -Im going to Venice next week. - .Carnival will be held then. Have fun！A. Youre crazy B. Youre lucky C. Youd better not D. You never know12【答案】B【解析】考查交际用语。去威尼斯碰上狂欢节，真是幸运，故答案选B。【2013天津】4. -Marys been offered a job in a university, but she doesnt want to take it. - ? Its a very good chance.A. Guess what B. So what C. Who cares D. But why13【答案】D【解析】考查交际用语。A项“猜猜看怎么了”，B项“那又如何呢”，C项“谁在乎呢”，D项“为什么呀”。根据句意，Mary被给予了一个工作而不想做，后面说这是一个好机会。可见，应该问，这是为什么呀？故答案选D。【2013新课标II卷】1-Im sorry I made a mistake!- Nobody is perfect.A. Take your timeB. Youre rightC. Whatever you sayD. Take it easy14【答案】D【解析】考查交际用语。根据后句“人无完人”可知，前一个人犯错误了，应叫他take it easy（放松）。【2013新课标II卷】15. -Are you sure you wont come for a drink with us?- , if you insistA. Not at all B. It depends C. All right then D.I dont care15【答案】C【解析】考查交际用语。根据第二个人的回答，“如果你坚持的话”，可知应表示勉强赞同，故选C。【2013新课标I卷】21. -Why, this is nothing but common vegetable soup!-_, madam. This is our soup of the day.A. Let me see B so it is C Don t mention it D Neither do I16【答案】B【解析】考查交际用语。根据对话内容：这只是平常的蔬菜汤！确实，夫人。这是我们白天的汤。【2013浙江】1. Hey, can I ask you a favor?Sure, _A. here you are. B. just as I thought.C. how is it going? D. what can I do for you?17【答案】D【解析】考查交际用语。根据问句“我可以叫你帮下忙吗？”可知应回答D项（我能为你做什么呢？）。【2013浙江】20. - Excuse me, but could I trouble you for some change?- _. Will pennies do?A. I know B. Never mind C. I am sure D. Let me see18【答案】D【解析】考查交际用语。根据语境：麻烦你换点零钞可以吗？_。硬币可以吗？可知答案为D.分类解析 分类整理及解析：山东省魏桥中学英语组，原创解析 【2013重庆】22. - Would you like a glass of wine?- I dont drink.A. No, thanks B. Yes, please C. I dont like it D. Its my favorite19【答案】A【解析】考查交际用语。根据后边的回答“我不喝酒”，可知对别人的询问应婉言拒绝，故答案选A。【2013重庆】35.- Forgotten something? I can keep an eye on your kids if you want to go and get it.- Thank you all the same.A. Its very kind of you. B. Oh, how careless of me!C.I might as well go and get it. D. Well, I can do without it.20【答案】D【解析】考查交际用语。A项通常用于感谢；B项“我太粗心了！”；C项“我倒不如自己去取”；D项“我没那个东西也行”。根据后句“不管怎样还是感谢你”可知他不需要帮忙，故答案选D。【2013安徽】25.-This is your order, a hamburger and an apple pie. ?-Ill have it here.A. Anything else B. Is that OKC. For here or to go D. Something to drink21【答案】C【解析】考查交际用语。根据答句“我就在这儿吃”可知答案选C。2013年高考英语分类【2013安徽】35-How did your interview with the manager go? - He seemed interested in my experience, but he didnt ask for references. A. Perfect! B. Im not sure. C. Thats right. D. Couldnt be better.22【答案】B【解析】考查交际用语。根据后句：他看起来好像对我的经历感兴趣，但他并没问我要推荐信，可知我对此次面试的结果不是很确定。故选B。高考真题1(2012安徽高考)May I help you? You seem to be having some problems._， thanks. I think I can manage.AAll rightBNo problemCIts all rightDTheres no way解析：句意：我可以帮助你吗？你好像有麻烦。没关系，谢谢。我认为我能应付。All right“行，好吧”；No problem“没问题”；Its all right“没关系”；Theres no way“没办法，没门”。由句意可知，C项符合题意。答案：C2(2012福建高考)What are you going to do this weekend?_. If time permits, I may go to Shanghai with my friends.ADont mention itBIt doesnt matterCForget itDIt depends解析：Dont mention it.意为“别客气，没关系，别放在心上”；It doesnt matter.意为“没关系”；Forget it.意为“休想！算了吧！别客气，没关系”；It depends.意为“视情况而定”。由第二句中的“如果时间允许的话，我可能和我的朋友们去上海”可知，本周末要做什么事情还没有定下来，因此应用It depends。故答案为D项。答案：D3(2012江苏高考)Honey, the cats stuck in the tree. Can you turn off the TV and get a ladder. ?Oh, it jumped off. _.ANever mindBAll rightCNo problemDTake care解析：A项意为“不要紧，不用担心，别管”；B项意为“行，可以，好吧”；C项意为“没问题”；D项意为“小心，注意，当心”。根据语境it jumped off判断应选A项，安慰对方不用担心。答案：A4(2012辽宁高考)Im terribly sorry to interrupt, but may I use your phone? Its rather urgent.Yes, _.Awith pleasureBno hurryCit doesnt matterDof course解析：句意：很抱歉打扰一下，我可以用一下电话吗？我有急事。行，当然可以啦。with pleasure“乐意，愿意”，多用来回答对方请求帮忙；no hurry“不用急”；it doesnt matter“没关系”，多用于回答对方的道歉。of course“当然可以”，多用于回答对方的请求。故D项正确。答案：D5(2012课标全国)Which one of these do you want?_.Either will do.AI dont mindBIm sureCNo problemDGo ahead解析：A项意为“我不介意”；B项意为“我相信”；C项意为“没问题”；D项意为“说吧，做吧，用吧”。根据后句“(两个当中)哪一个都行”判断A项符合语境。答案：A6(2012山东高考)Sorry Im late. I got stuck in traffic._.Youre here now. Come in and sit down.AYou are welcomeBThats rightCI have no ideaDNever mind解析：从第一句可以看出因为迟到而向对方道歉，因此选用never mind“没关系，别介意”，符合语境。youare welcome“不客气”；thats right“是的，没错”；I have no idea“我不知道”。答案：D7(2012陕西高考)Im sorry for being late. I should have phoned you earlier._. Ive just arrived.AThats no troubleBYou are welcomeCThats all rightDYou can never tell解析：根据语境可知是回答别人道歉时的用语。句意：对不起，我迟到了。我本应该早点给你打电话。没关系。我也是刚到。Thats no trouble“不麻烦”；You are welcome“不客气”； Thats all right“没关系”；You can never tell“谁也说不准”，故选C项。答案：C8(2012四川高考)Excuse me.How much is the shirt?_.AExtra LargeB50 eachCIt sells wellDAltogether there are 5解析：问句询问衬衫的价格是多少，因此“每件衬衫50元”符合句意。Extra Large“特大号”；It sells well“销售得好”；Altogether there are 5“总共5件”。答案：B9(2012天津高考)Can I have a day off tomorrow，Mr.Johnson?_.I can manage without you.AForget itBIm afraid notCIt dependsDOf course解析：根据下文的句子“I can manage without you.”可判断，答话人同意了说话人请一天假的要求，故选择D项“当然可以”。A项表示“不必在意”，B项表示“恐怕不行”，C项表示“视情况而定”。答案：D10(2012浙江高考)Is there anything else to discuss?_，I guess.ANot at allBNo，thats allCYes，Im sureDYes，of course解析：根据下文的I guess可判断，此处表示“没有其他要讨论的了，那就是全部内容了”。A项表示“别客气，没关系”；C项表示“是的，我确定”；D项表示“是的，当然了”。答案：B11(2012全国)What shall we do tonight then?_whatever you want.AHelp yourselfBIts a dealCNo problemDIts up to you解析：Help yourself.意为“请自便”；Its a deal.意为“就这么定了，成交”；No problem.意为“没问题，别客气，没关系”；Its up to you.意为“由你来做决定”。句意：那么我们今晚做什么呢？由你来做决定，你想做什么都行。故选D项。答案：D12(2012安徽高考)I love the Internet. Ive come to know many friends on the Net._. Few of them would become your real friends.AThats for sureBIts not the caseCI couldnt agree moreDIm pleased to know that解析：句意：我热爱网络。我已经在网上认识了许多朋友。事实并非如此。他们当中很少有人会成为你真正的朋友。Thats for sure“这是肯定的”；Its not the case“实际情况并非如此”；I couldnt agree more“我非常赞同”；Im pleased to know that“我很高兴知道这一点”。由句意可知，B项符合题意。答案：B13(2012陕西高考)The trip shouldnt take more than an hour._. It is at least two hours.AI guess soBThats itCYou must be jokingDIt depends解析：I guess so“我认为是这样的”；Thats it“那就这样吧”；You must be joking“你在开玩笑吧”；It depends“那要看情况而定”。句意：这次行程用不了一个小时的时间。你在开玩笑吧。至少需要两个小时的时间。故选C项。答案：C14(2012四川高考)Goodbye, John. Come back again sometime.Sure. _.AI didBI doCI shallDI will解析：第一句话是告别时的用语，并邀请对方抽时间再回来，回来的动作应该是将来才发生的并且含有非常愿意的意思，因此选用I will。答案：D15(2012天津高考)You have to believe in yourself. No one else will, if you dont._.Confidence is really important.AIts not my cup of teaBThats not the pointCI dont think soDI couldnt agree more解析：根据下文的句子“Confidence is really important.”可知，答话人完全同意说话人的看法，故选择D项“我完全同意”。A项表示“这不是我喜欢的东西或人物”，B项表示“那不是重点或那不是问题的关键”，C项表示“我不这样认为”。答案：D16(2012浙江高考)Im going to San Francisco for a couple of days._.I wish I could get away for a while.AIt doesnt matterBForget itCI rea