路由协议练习题

路由协议练习题 问题一:RIP的有哪些缺陷解答:RIP路由协议由于自身算法的限制,不可避免的会引入路由环路。RP通过跳数来衡量到达目标网络的最优路径,但这种评估路由优先级的方式在大多数网络中不合适。还有最大跳数16导致网络尺度小,由于RIP的更新周期比较长,一个邻居路由器突然离线其他路由器可能需要较长的时间才能察觉,造成了收敛速度慢,更新发送全部路由表浪费网络资源问题二:OSPF工作过程?解答:主要是四个工作过程:寻找邻居、建立邻接关系、链路状态信息传递、计算路由问题三:ospf是依靠什么来计算路由?解答:第一步:评估一台路由器到另一台路由器所需要的开销第二步:同步OSPF区域内每台路由器的LSDB第三步:使用SPF最短路径优先算法计算出路由问题四:ospf不会引起路由环路?解答:OSPF区域内的路由器对整个网络的拓扑结构有相同的认识,在此基础上计算出的路由不可能产生环路练习题1、常见的路由协议有()A IPX B. OSPF C. RIP D. IP2、OSPF将不同的网络拓扑抽象为哪几种类型()A stub networks B point-to-point C broadcast D point-to-multipoint E NBMA3、OSPF的报文中,()是用于描述本地LSDB摘要信息的A Hello B DDC. lsrd. lSU E lsack4、OSPF的报文中,()可用于选举DR、BDRA. Hello B. Dd C. lsr d, lSU e. lsack5、OSPF的报文中,()用于向对端请求本端没有或对端更新的LSA。Hello b ddc lsrd lsu e lsack6、OSPF的报文中,()用于向对端路由器发送所需的LSAHello B. DD C. LSr D. lSU E lsAck7、互联网中进行路由选择时,通常情况下,路由器只根据所收到的数据包头的()选择合适路径。A.源IP地址B.目的IP地址C.源MAC地址D.目的MAC地址8、根据目的地与该路由器是否直接相连,可分为()子网路由B.主机路由C.直接路由D.间接路由9、 Quidway路由器缺省的路由协议优先级值的排列由低到高依次为()A.OsPF、 DIRECT、 STATIC、BGP、RIP、 OSPF ASE、 UNKNOWNB.BGP、RIP、 STATIO、OSPF、 DIRECT、 OSPF ASE、 UNKNOWNC. DIRECT、OSPF、 STATIC、RIP、 OSPF ASE、 UNKNOWN、BGPD.RIP、 DIRECT、 STATIC、OSPF、 OSPF ASE、BGP、 UNKNOWN10、OSPF协议将报文直接封装在()报文中。A. TCP B. UDP C. IP D. PPP答案:1:BC2:ABCD3:B4:A5:C6:D7:B8:CD9:C10:C问题一:RIP2的改进有哪些解答:RIPv发送协议报文时不携带掩码,路由交换过程中有时会造成错误,不支持认证只能以广播方式发布协议报文问题二:环路避免机制有哪些?解答:1、路由毒化3、毒性逆转4、定义最大值5、抑制时间6、触发更新问题三:什么事毒性逆转?解答:RIP从某个接口学到路由后,将该路由的度量值设置为无穷大(16),并从原接口发回邻居路由器问题四:RIP在现在企业用的多不?解答:日前在电信运行主推ISIS,RIP用的很少了练习题1、当桥接收的分组的目的MAC地址在桥的映射表中没有对应的表项时,采取的策略是A、丢掉该分组B、将该分组分片C、向其他端口广播该分组2、IPX默认使用的路由协议是A、静态路由协议D、OSPF3、RIP是在之上的一种路由协议A、 EthernetC、TCPD、UDP4、RIP路由协议的特点有()A.传递路由信息而非链路状态信息B.可能造成环路C.占用较多的内存和CPU处理时间D.扩展性较差,最大跳数不能超?16跳E.扩展性较差,最大跳数不能超过155、命令 IP ROUTE0.000000010.1100.1代表的是A、默认路由B、直接路由C、间接路由。D、以上都不对6、在mp中 metric等于为不可达A、8D、157、衡量路由协议的性能指标有()A.正确性B.快收敛C.低开销D.安全性E.普适性8、距离矢量路由协议环路避免的方案有()A.水平分割B.毒性逆转C.触发更新D.抑制时间9、关于RIP协议描述正确的是()A.距离矢量路由协议B.链路状态路由协议C.有RIPV1和RPV2两个版本D.都使用广播发送,支持验证和LSM0、下列关于RIP的说法,哪些是正确的()A.RIPv1采用广播形式发送报文,RIPV2有广播和多播两种方式B.RIPv2多播地址为2240.0.9C.RIP2多播地址为224.0.0.10D.缺省情况下,接口运行 RIPv1,只能接收和发送RIPv1AE: 1: C2: B3: D4: ABD 5: A 6: E7: ABCDE 8: ABCD 9: AC 10: AB14.下面对RIP的描述中,错误的是BA)RIP限制最大跳数是15,即,在一条链路上最多有15个路由器B)RIP使用广泛、配置简单,支持CIDR、VLSM及连续子网C)RIP的路由更新时间为30秒,路由收敛速度慢D)RIP通常使用单播方式发送路由更新信息CCNA路由部分测试题(共50题2GP的作用范围是?A.区域内B自然子网范围内C局域网内D.自治系统内ANSWER: D3距离矢量协议包括?(多选)A RIPBIS-ISANSWERA D5在卹中 metric等于什么值为不可达?C.15ANSWER: D6.下列关于OSPF协议的说法正确的是?(多选)AOSPF支持基于接口的报文验证B OSPF支持到同一目的地址的多条等值路由OSPF是一个基于链路状态算法的边界网关路由协议DOSPF发现的路由可以根据不同的类型而有不同的优先级ANSWER: AB D7如果一个内部网络对外的出口只有一个,那么最好配置?A.缺省路由B.主机路由C.动态路由ANSWER:A.以下不属于动态路由协议的是?B ICMPD OSPFANSWER: B9关于矢量距离算法以下哪些说法是错误的?矢量距离算法不会产生路由环路问题B矢量距离算法是靠传递路由信息来实现的C.路由信息的矢量表示法是(目标网络D.使用矢量距离算法的协议只从自己的邻居获得信息ANSWER: A10.以下哪些路由表项要由网络管理员手动配置?(多选)A.静态路由B.直接路由C.缺省路由D动态路由ANSWERA C11.关于RP协议,下列说法正确的有?(多选)ARIP协议是一种IGPBRP协议是一种EGPCRIP协议是一种距离矢量路由协议DRIP协议是一种链路状态路由协议ANSWERA C12.下列关于链路状态算法的说法正确的是?(多选)A.链路状态是对路由的描述B链路状态是对网络拓扑结构的描述C链路状态算法本身不会产生自环路由DOSPF和RIP都使用链路状态算法ANSWER: B C13路由器中时刻维持着一张路由表,这张路由表可以是静态配置的,也可以是什么协议产生的?生成树协议链路控制协议C.动态路由协议D.被承载网络层协议ANSWER: C14在路由器中,如果去往同一目的地有多条路由,则决定最佳路由的因素有?(多选)路由的优先级B路由的发布者C路由的 metric值D路由的生存时间ANSWER:A C15.下面哪一项正确描述了路由协议?允许数据包在主机间转送的一种协议B定义数据包中域的格式和用法的一种方式C通过执行一个算法来完成路由选择的一个协议D指定MAC地址和IP地址捆绑的方式和时间的一种协议ANSWER: C16GP包括如下哪些协议?(多选)A RIPB BGPDEIGRPANSWERACDE17RIP协议引入路由保持机制的作用是?A.节省网络带宽B防治网络中形成路由环路C将路由不可达信息在全网扩散D通知邻居路由器哪些路由是从其处得到ANSWER: B18对路由理解正确的是?是路B路由是信息在网络路径的交叉点C.路由是用以配置报文的目的地址D路由就是指导报文发送的路径信息ANSWER: D19路由协议RIP,OSPF和静态路由各自得到了条到达目标网络,在 CISCO路由器默认情况下,最终选选定哪种路由作为最优路由?A RIPB OSPFC.静态路由ANSWER: C0在RIP协议中,计算 metric值的参数是?B时延C.带宽D.路由跳数ANSWER D21.衡量路由算法好坏的原则不包括?A.快速收敛性B灵活性,弹性C拓扑结构先进D选径是否是最佳ANSWER: C22RIP协议是基于B TCPC ICMPANSWER: A23禁止RIP协议的路由聚合功能的命令是?A no route ripB summanyD undo network 10.0.0.0ANSWER: C24解决路由环路的方法有?(多选)水平分割B抑制时间C毒性逆转D触发更新ANSWER:ABC D25路由环问题会引起哪些问题?(多选)慢收敛B广播风暴C路由器重起D.路由不一致ANSWER A D26.下列哪些路由协议存在路由自环问题?(多选)A RIPBIGRPC OSPFDIS-ISEEIGRPANSWER:A B27关于RIP1和RIPV2,下列说法哪些正确?(多选)A RIP VI报文支持子网掩码B RIP V2报文支持子网掩码C RIP V2缺省使用路由聚合功能DRIP V1只支持报文的简单口令认证,而RIPV2支持MD5认证ANSWER: B C28在一个运行OSPF的自治系统之内?(多选)骨干区域自身也必须连通的B非骨干区域自身也必须连通的C.必须存在一个骨干区域(区域号为0)D.非骨干区域与骨干区域必须直接相连或逻辑上相连ANSWER C D29以下关于Rip路由聚合的说法正确的是?(多选)A Rip vI默认支持路由聚合,需要时可以关闭路由聚合功能B华为 Quidway系列路由器RjpV2的实现可以关闭路由聚合功能CRip1不支持子网路由聚合到一个非自然子网路由D Rip v2支持子网路由聚合到一个非自然子网路由ANSWER: BC D30假设有这样的组网实例:两台路由器(假设为RTA和RTB)通过串口相接,其中RTA的串口IP地址是10.100.1/30,RTB的串口IP地址是10110.02/30,RTA通过以太口连接的本地局域网的IP地址是1.11000/16,RTB通过以太口连接的本地局域网IP地址是11.111.0.0/16,在上面所有的接口上都启动RIPV1(仅仅RIPV1)协议,那么,下列说法正确的是?(多选)A在RTA的本地局域网上的计算机可以访问在RTB本地局域网上的计算机B在RTB的本地局域网上的计算机可以访问在RTA本地局域网上的计算机C在RTA的本地局域网上的计算机不能访问在RTB本地局域网上的计算机D在RTB的本地局域网上的计算机不能访问在RTA本地局域网上的计算机ANSWER C D31根据路由的目的地不同,路由表可被划分为?(多选)A.子网路由B直连路由C.缺省路由D.主机路由E静态路由ANSWERA D2对路由器A配置RP协议,并在接口S0(IP地址为10.00.1/24)所在网段使能RP路由协议,在全局配置模式下使用的第一条命令是?B network allC network 10.0.0.1D network 10.0.0.0ANSWER: A33当接口运行在RIP-2广播方式时,它可以接受的报文有?(多选)ARIP-1广播报文BRIP-1组播报文CRIP2广播报文D.RIP-2组播报文ANSWER: A C4RP协议的路由项在多少时间内没有更新会变为不可达?D.240sANSWER: C35VLSM的含义是?A Variable Length Subnet MaskingC Very Long/Shortest MaskingD Variable Long subnet maskingE Variable Length Short MeasurementANSWER: A36距离矢量路由协议使用水平分割( split horizon)技术的目的是什么?(多选)A.避免在毗邻路由器之间产生路由环路B确保路由更新数据报文沿着接收路线方向发送C.与保持间隔( holddown)机制协同工作,为保持间隔的计算提供更多的可靠性D代替路由中毒( poison reverse)算法ANSWER: A C37作为一个网络维护人员,对于OSPF区域体系机构的原则必须有清楚地了解,下面的论述表达正确的是?(多选)A所有的OsPF区域必须通过边界路由器与区域0相连,或采用OsPF虚链路B所有区域间通信必须通过骨干区域0,因此所有区域路由器必须包含到区域0的路由C单个区域不能包含没有物理链路的两个区域边界路由器D虚链路可以穿越stub区域ANSWER: A B38支持可变长子网掩码的路由协议有?(多选)B RIP v2C OSPFDEIGRPANSWER: BC D39因为在生成路由表的过程中,OSPF协议需要进行复杂的SPF算法来计算网络拓扑结构,所以相对距离矢量路由选择协议来说,它需要更大的开销,更多的延迟,更高的CPU占用率T TrueANSWER F40. Which routing protocol by default uses bandwidth and delay as metrics?A. RIPB BGPD EIGRP41. Refer to the exhibit. The network shown in the exhibit is running the riPv2 routing protocolThe network has converged, and the routers in this network are functioning properly. TheFastEthermeto/0 interface on RI goes down. In which two ways will the routers in this networkspond to this change?( Choose twoA. All routers will reference their topology database to determine if any backup routes to the92.168 1.0 network are knownB Routers R2 and R3 mark the route as inaccessible and will not accept any further routingupdates from RI until their hold-down timers expire.C. Because of the split-horizon rule, router R2 will be prevented from sending erroneousinformation to Ri about connectivity to the 192.168. 1.0 network.D. When router R2 learns from Ri that the link to the 192. 168 1.0 network has been lost, R2 willrespond by sending a route back to RI with an infinite metric to the 192.168.1.0 networkE. RI will send LSAs to R2 and R3 informing them of this change, and then all routers will sendperiodic updates at an increased rate until the network again convergesAnswer: CD42. Which of the following describe the process identifier that is used to run OSPF on a router?Choose twoA. It is locally significantB. It is globally significantC. It is needed to identify a unique instance of an OSPF database.D. It is an optional parameter required only if multiple OSPF processes are running on the routerE. All routers in the same OSPF area must have the same process ID if they are to exchangerouting information.Answer: AC43. Which two statements are true about the command ip route 172 163.0 255. 255 255.092 168.2.4?(Choose twoA. It establishes a static route to the 172.16.3.0 networkB. It establishes a static route to the 192 168.2. 0 network.C. It configures the router to send any traffic for an unknown destination to the 172.16.3.0D. It configures the router to send any traffic for an unknown destination out the interface with theaddress 192.168.2.4E. It uses the default administrative distanceF. It is a route that would be used last if other routes to the same destination existAnswer: AE44. Which three statements are correct about RIP version 2?( Choose three.A. It has the same maximum hop count as version 1B. It uses broadcasts for its routing updates.D. It has a lower default administrative distance than rip version 1E. It supports authenticationF. It does not send the subnet mask in updatesAnswer: ACE45. Refer to the exhibit. Router was just successfully rebooted. Identify the current OSPF routerID for Router190.17232.10B.208.149.23.162C.208.149.23.194D.220.173.149.1046. Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator requires easy configuration options andminimal routing protocol traffic. What two options provide adequate routing table information fortraffic that passes between the two routers and satisfy the requests of the network administrator?A. a dynamic routing protocol on Internet Router to advertise all routes to CentralRouterB a dynamic routing protocol on Internet Router to advertise summarized routes to CentralRouter.C. a static route on InternetRouter to direct traffic that is destined for 172.16.0.0/16 toCentralRouterD a dynamic routing protocol on CentralRouter to advertise all routes to Internet RouterE a dynamic routing protocol on CentralRouter to advertise summarized routes to Internet RouteF a static default route on CentralRouter that directs traffic to InternetRouterAnswer: CF47. IP addresses and routing for the network are configured as shown in the exhibit. The networkadministrator issues the show ip eigrp neighbors command from Routerl and receives the outputshown below the topology. Which statement is true?A. It is normal for Router to show one active neighbor at a time to prevent routing loopsB Routing is not completely configured on Router3C. The IP addresses are not configured properly on the Router and Router 3 interfaces.D. The no auto-summary command configured on the routers prevents Routerl and router2 fromforming a neighbor relationshipAnswer: B48. A network administrator is configuring the routers in the graphic for OSPF. The OSPF processhas been started and the networks have been configured for Area 0 as shown in the diagram. Thenetwork administrator has several options for configuring RouterB to ensure that it will bepreferred as the designated router(DR)for the 172. 16. 1.0/24 LAN segment. What configurationtasks could be used to establish this preference?( Choose three.A Configure the priority value of the Fa0/0 interface of