1高一下学期英语语法总复习及专项练习(一)(精)

高一下学期英语语法总复习及专项练习(一主谓一致重点知识(结合课本第155-156页则更好一.名词作主语:1.集体名词做主语1有些集体名词,如果视为一个整体,谓语动词用单数;若就其中一个个成员而言,谓语动词用复数。2有些集体名词(如:people,police,cattle,folk只当复数看待,谓语动词用复数。3有些无生命的集体名词(如:jewellery, poetry, equipment, clothing等作主语时,谓语动词用单数。注意:population用法(表“人口总量”用单数,“人口总量中的部分人”用复数2.表示时间、金额、度量、距离等复数名词作主语时,作整体看待,谓语动词用单数。3.国名、书报名、剧名、山水名、城市名、学科等专有名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。山脉(the himalayas、群岛(the philippines、瀑布(the nigara falls等名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数。4.一些由两个部份构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时,谓语常用复数形式,如: clothes,trousers,shoes,shorts,glasses,goods,chopstics(筷子 等,但由a pair of,a kind of, a series of等修饰时,谓语动词一般用单数。her trousers are beautiful indeed. a pair of shoes was on the desk.5.单复数同形的名词(如: means,works,chinese,japanese,sheep, deer, fish等,作单数时,谓语用单数;反之谓语用复数。The glass works was rebuilt in july,1979.These glass works are near the railway station.它们前面有a, such a,this,that,every等修饰时,谓语用单数;有all,such,these, those修饰时,谓语用复数。means,no means,the means前无修饰词时,谓语单复数均可。1every means has been tried.(每一种办法 all means have been tried.(所有办法 there is(are no means of getting there.6.不定代词each,every, no修饰的名词,即使以and或逗号连接成多个并列主语,谓语的动词仍然用单数形式。each boy and each girl wants to serve the people in the future.7.主语由more than one或many a构成,意义复数,谓语动词却用单数。more than one student has seen the film “titanic”.many a ship has been damaged in the storm.但“ more+名词复数+than one”作主语,谓语动词一般用复数形式。more young teacthers than one are against this plan。8.the number of,a/the/this pair(kind, type of,either/neither of +名词复数作主语,谓语动词用单数Is either of your parents an engineer?There is a pair of shoes left on the shelf.This kind of book=a book of this kind ( 这种书 ,其谓语用单数;This kind of men=men of this kind,但前者谓语用单数,后者谓语用复数。this kind of men is dangerous. men of this kind are dangerous.9.主+as well as ( as much as, no less than, with, along with, together with,rather than, like,but, except, besides, including 时,其谓语单复数与主语保持一致。10.由and, both and 连接并列主语时,谓语动词常用复数。Plastics and rubber never rot.Both my father and my sister are writers.但并列主语表示同一人、同一事物、同一概念,谓语动词用单数。the poet and writer is gone.Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habbit.A knife and fork is on the table.Bread and butter is served for the breakfast.2No clothes and no food is difficult to live.11.名词所有格之后名词被省略的情况下,动词一般用单数。my sisters is not far from here.12.由or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, notbut 等连接的并列主语,谓语动词遵循就近原则。there be /here be结构类似13.在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。Between the two windows hangs a picture.There lies a beautiful small town at the foot of the hill.二.代词作主语1.名词型物主代词后的动词,根据所替代的内容决定谓语单复数形式。ours (our party is a great party.your shoes are black and mine are brown.2.such +be +主语such is our plan. such are his words.3. 定语从句中关系代词后的谓语形式要同被修饰的代词保持一致。Those who want to go please sign your names here.Bob is one of my friends who are helping me with english.He is the only one of the officers who was invited to the ball here.I, who am wrong, should apologize to him.4.疑问代词who, what, which 作主语时,视情况而定。who lives next door? it is xiao lin.who live next door? zhang and liu.which is(are your book(s ?5.every-, some-, any-, no-, 等构成的不定代词作主语,谓语动词用单数。Everybody obeys the rules.3Ill tell you something that sounds interesting.any, either, neither, none, all, some, more 等作主语时,谓语动词有两种情况:单独作主语 all has been changed. all are presenteither, neither 单独作主语,谓语用单数。后接of 短语,of后宾语为不可数名词,动词当然用单数形式,of 后宾语为复数名词或代词,动词单复数均可。Do(es any of you know his address? none of them has(have seen the film.all of the water is gone.each单独作主语,动词用单数。 each of the students has a dictionary.The boy and the girl each have their own toys.三.数词、量词等作主语1.half, the majority, the rest, some, most, (a part, a lot, lots, plenty,a large quantity ,masses以及分数、百分数+of+ 名词/代词作主语,视情况而定。Half of the work is left unfinished.Half of the apples are given to the children.More than 70 percent of the surface of our earth is covered by water.但qunatities of作主语,谓语动词一般用复数。quantities of food (nuts were on the table.2.a (great number of, many, a few +可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数;a little, much, a great deal of , +不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。A number of students have gone to the countryside.A great deal of waste is poured straight into the river.3.one and a half +复数名词,谓语动词用单数。One and a half bananas is left on the table.4四.其它作主语1.the+ 形容词/过去分词表示一类人,谓语用复数,如:the blind, the poor, the rich, the breave, the dead, the wounded, the employed,the chinesethe blind in china study in special schools.表示抽象概念用单数。the beautiful is not always the beautiful.3.从句作主语,谓语动词用单数。whether we shall go there hasnt been decided.what we need is more time. 但 what we need are doctors.what he said and what he did have greatly encouraged his brother.4.不定式、动名词作主语Nodding the head means agreement, while shaking it means disagreement.To catch what he had said was difficult. 但to say it and to do it are different things.主谓一致专练:1. We each _ strong points and each of us on the other hand _ weak points.A. have , haveB. has, haveC. has , hasD. have, has2. A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift. ( MET 90 A. is offeredB. has offeredC. are offeredD. have offered3. In this institution(机构a medal together with a prize of certain sum of money _ gains success in science and technology every two years.A. are given to anyoneB. is given to whoeverC. are given to whoD. is given to whom4. Only one of the students who _ present_ to speak at the meeting .A. is, isB. are, areC. are , isD. is, are5. When and where to build the new factory _ yet. ( MET 91 A. is not decidedB. are not decidedC. had not decidedD. have not decided6. Either Tom or Jane did _ homework in the classroom .5A. theirB. theirsC. hisD. her7. Reading magazines and novels _ helpful.A. isB. areC. haveD. has8. In spring, many plants bloom(开花, which _ the world even more beautiful.A. madeB. makeC. makesD. have made9. Its not you but Mr. Anderson who _ to answer _ the incident.A. are, forB. were, toC. is, forD. was , back10.The dancer and the singer _ coming to Kaili next month.A. areB. will beC. isD. be比较11.The dancer and singer _ coming to Kaili next month.A.areB. will beC. isD. be12.Mr Smith, _ is from Australia, with Tom and Jack_ talking about something in the office.A.which;areB. whose;isC. that;isD. who;is13. There are two books on the bookshelf. _ of them _ worth _.A. Both , are, being readB. All, are , readingC. Neither, is, being readD. Either, is , reading14. The number of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons. ( MENT 96 A. were , wasB. was, wasC. was, wereD. were , were15. I dont think the poor _ poor.A. have been alwaysB. has been alwaysC. is alwaysD. are always16. At the meeting each man and each woman _ praised by the manager yesterday.A. wasB. wereC. would beD. had been17. Sixty percent of the work_ by now.A. have been doneB. had been doneC. has been doneD. has done18. _ neither you nor your brother interested in swimming ?6A. AreB. IsC. DoD. Does19. Three fourths of the earths surface _ covered with water.A. isB. areC. wasD. were20. About 85 percent of the students _ good , and part of them _ interested in biology.A. is, areB. are, areC. are , isD. is , is21. Politics _ now taught in all schools.A. isB. areC. beD. being22. Do you know what his politics _ ?A. isB. areC. beD. being23. The wounded _ sent to the hospital at once .A. wereB. areC. isD. was24. The Chinese _ hard-working.A. beB. beingC. isD. are25. The United Nations _ in 1945.A. are foundB. is foundC. was foundedD. were founded26. Our headmaster and secretary _always kind and strict.A. isB. beC. areD. were比较26. Our headmaster and his secretary _ always kind and strict.A. isB. beC. areD. were27. Many a student _ in the exam.A. have failedB. had been failedC. has failedD. will be failed28. A pair of broken glasses _ on the desk.A. is layingB. is lyingC. are lyingD. are laying29. No boy and no girl _ waiting for the bus.A. areB. beC. wereD. is30. There _ Id like to answer this evening.7A. are one or two lettersB. has one or two lettersC. is one or two lettersD. have one or two letters31. Why she didnt come here _ quite clear.A. are notB. will notC. isntD. were not32. Not only politics but also English is important. In other word, _ is important.A. English , as well as politicsB. politics as well as EnglishC. both politics and EnglishD. politics as well as the English33. This is the only one of the books on the subject that _ ever been written in Chinese.A. haveB. hasC. hadD. are比较33. This is one of the books on the subject that _ ever been written in Chinese.A. haveB. hasC. hadD. are34. The exam he paid no attention to _ him the chance to go to college.A. being costedB. costingC. costedD. costs35. Not only the students but also the teacher _ about the matter.A. are talkingB. is to talkC. have talkedD. are having talked36. On the ceiling of our classroom _ four lights.A. hangB. are hangedC. hangedD. hangs37. He is one of the students who , I am sure, always do _ best.A. hisB. onesC. myD. their38. The population of China _ over 12 million and eighty percent of the population _ peasants.A. is; areB. are; isC. is ; isD. are ; are38. He said that the twelfth and last lesson _ rather difficult .A. wereB. wasC. will beD. are比较38. He said that the twelfth and the last lesson _ rather difficult .A. wereB. wasC. will beD. are8It的用法专项练习1. Was it on her way home _ she was robbed _ her wallet ?A. when, ofB. that, ofC. where, byD. that, off2. It wasnt _ their own good that they did all this.A. becauseB. because ofC. onlyD. for3.Was it because his father ill_ Tom asked for leave?A.whereB. whichC. thatD. why4. Was it in Shanghai _ you first met him?A. whereB. whichC. thatD. in which5. Isnt _ rude _ him to talk to his teacher like that ?A. that , forB. he , ofC. it , forD. it , of6. It was in the house _ he used to live _ the exhibition was held.A. that, thatB. that , whichC. where , thatD. which , that7.Actually_ is a hard job for the police to keep order in the street of that town.9A. thisB. thatC. thereD. it8. It was _ failed the exam.A. his illness that heB. because his illness whichC. because of his illness so heD. because of his illness that he9. _ is said that he has been to many places in the United States .A. ThisB. HeC. ItD. That10. We all thought _ no use doing that.A. itB. thatC. thisD. there11.I found _ to hear what Mr Wang said.A. that difficultyB. it difficultyC. it is difficultyD. it difficult12. It was in 1921 _ our Party was founded.A. whenB. whichC. in whichD. that13. Its difficult _ me to answer this question .A. forB. ofC. withD. about14. When was _ that you saw her last ?A. thatB. thisC. itD. there15. It was on the train _ the thief stole the gold ring which Tom had just bought for his wife.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. when16. Is it Shakespeare theatre _ you are going to watch The Merchant of Venice ?A. thatB. whereC. whichD. as17. Is it in Shakespeare theatre _ you are going to watch The Merchant of Venice ?A. thatB. whereC. whichD. as18. It was difficult _ the poor to _ living before liberation.A. of , doB. for , workC. to , findD. for , make19. Who was it _ called this morning ?A. thatB. whoC. whenD. which1020. _ who helped the old man several days ago. A. It was my friend and I B. It were my friend and me C. This was my fr