八年级下册英语期末基本内容复习.doc

仁爱英语八年级下册基本和重点内容复习资料要求：1. 背诵第一、第二部分的句子；理解第三部分中的句子，背诵其中的知识点；2. 完成测试题和练习题。 3. 背诵第四部分的词汇。 4. 自写或背诵书面表达的范文。一、基本对话、基本语法及直接相关句子。1. 主系表句子A：You seem a little unhappy. 你似乎有点儿不高兴。B: Yes. I feel disappointed because I was not able to do well in the English exam. 是的。我感到失望因为我英语考试没能考好。 do well in 在做得好 反义： do badly in在做得差Im really worried about my English. 我真的担心我的英语。A: What a pity! 多么遗憾啊！Why dont you ask me for help ? 你为什么不向我求助？ 2. 同级比较 A：My math is as good as yours.我的数学和你的一样好。 But my English is not so good as yours . 但是我的英语不如你的好。Would you like to help me? 你愿意帮助我吗？ B: Id love to. If you have any problem with your English, just let me know. 我愿意。如果你的英语有任何问题，就让我知道（告诉我）。B: Yeah. I find it difficult to learn English well. 是的。我发现学好英语真难。A: Dont worry. Ill help you with your English. 别担心。我将帮你学英语。 as as 与一样 not as/so as 不如 3 feelings and moods(感受和心情) The weather can affect my moods. 天气能影响我的心情。When it rains, I always feel sad. 当天下雨时，我总是感到忧伤。When the sun shines brightly, it makes me happy again.当太阳明亮地照耀时，又使我高兴了。 The environment can affect my feelings. 环境能影响我的感受。The city is always noisy. 城市总是吵闹。I have trouble sleeping at night. 在晚上我睡觉有困难。 have trouble doing sth. 做某事有困难。I hope to live in the countryside some day.将来某一天我希望生活在农村。4. 动词不定式 A: How long does it take to go to Hailaer by bus? 坐公共汽车去海拉尔花多长时间？ B: It takes less than 3 hours. 花不到三个小时。 A: How much does a ticket to Hailaer cost ? 到海拉尔的一张票多少钱？ B: It costs 46 yuan. 46元。 A: It takes us about one and a half hours to get to Hailaer by taxi. 坐出租车到海拉尔得花我们一个半小时。it take sb. + 时间 + to do sth. 做某事花某人时间 （动词不定式做主语）But the best way to go to Hailaer is by bus because it is safer . 去海拉尔的最好方法是乘公共汽车因为它更安全。5. Invitation (邀请) 和distance（距离 ） A：Would you like to come to Dongqi for your summer vacation ? 你想来东旗过暑假吗？ B: Good idea. Im looking forward to seeing you. 好主意。我正盼望着见到你。 A: How far is it from Hailaer to Dongqi ? 从海拉尔到东旗多远？ B: Dongqi is far away from Harlaer. 东旗离海拉尔远。Its about one and a half hours by taxi. 乘出租车大约一个半小时。 A: What / How about going to Dongqi by taxi ? 坐出租车去东旗怎么样？ B: OK. 行。How / What about + doing ? 做怎么样？look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事。6. Tiananmen Square （天安门广场）A: Could you tell me something about Tiananmen Square ? 你能给我讲一下天安门广场的情况吗？B: Sure / Certainly. Tiananmen Square lies in the center / middle of Beijing City. 当然可以。天安门广场位于北京市的中心。Its the largest city square in the world. 它是世界上最大的广场。It covers 440000 square meters. 它覆盖了440000平方米。It can hold one million people. 它能容纳一百万人。Tiananmen Rostrum is in the north of Tiananmen Square. 天安门城楼在天安门广场的北面。in the north of 在（内部）的北面7. 六种时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的引导词有：as soon as 一就，not until 直到才，after 之后， before 之前，While（正）当的时候（ 从句中的动词必须是延续性动词或-ing形式），When当的时候，（从句中的动词可以是延续性的，也可以是短暂性的） 选择下面七句话的正确汉译。昨天当老师进入教室时学生们正在大声谈话。你离开教室之前记住要关灯。昨天直到我做完作业才睡觉。我一到东旗将立即给你打电话。你离开教室之前不要忘了关灯。昨天正当学生们大声谈话时老师进入教室了。昨天我做完作业之后睡觉了。Ill call you at once as soon as I get to Dongqi. _I didnt go to bed until I finished doing my homework yesterday. _I went to bed after I finished doing my homework yesterday. _Dont forget to turn off the lights before you leave the classroom. _Remember to turn off the lights before you leave the classroom. _The students were talking loudly when the teacher came into the classroom yesterday._The teacher came into the classroom while the students were talking loudly yesterday. _My father came _ my mother was cooking.A. before B. until C. while D. as soon as Kangkang was looking at a postcard _ his mother came in. A. while B. when C. after D. beforeWhy did you come home so late yesterday? Because I didnt come back _ I finished my homework. A. after B. until C. when D. while 8. 条件状语从句If everyone obeys the traffic rules, there will be fewer accidents. 如果人人遵守交通规则，将有较少的事故。If we break the traffic rules, we may get a fine.如果我们违反交通规则，我们可能被罚款。Ill go out to play basketball if it doesnt rain tomorrow. (if 引导的条件状语从句，如果主句使用一般将来时，从句使用一般现在时 ，简称“主将从现”) 如果明天不下雨我们将出去打篮球。If we ride bicycles at night , we should wear light-colored clothes. 如果我们晚上骑自行车，我们应该穿浅色的衣服。If she _ the early bus, she _ there on time. A. catches; will get B. will catch; will get C. will catch; gets D. catches; gets - What are you going to do tomorrow? - _ it rains , I will stay at home. A. When B. Because C. Though D. If 9.简单句的6种句型： S+V+IO +DO（主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语），S+V+O （主谓宾），S+V+O+ OC（主+谓+宾语+宾语补足语）, There be 句型, S+ V+P （主系表）, S+V（主谓）判断以下句型。 The food tastes delicious. _ They arrived yesterday morning. _ I need your help very much. _ Can you lend me your pen ? _Bicycle riding can make the riders hearts and lungs strong._ There is a tall tree behind my house. _10. fear (害怕) I am afraid of dogs. 我害怕狗。Im afraid of staying at home alone. I am afraid to stay at home alone.我害怕独自在家呆着。 habit (习惯)I used to go to bed late. 我过去常常晚睡觉。Now I get used to going to bed early.现在我习惯了早睡。 I live in Dongqi. I am used to the life in Dongqi.我在东旗生活。我习惯了东旗的生活。 I am used to living in Dongqi. 我习惯于在东旗生活。be/ get used to +名词/ 动词-ing 习惯于 used to +动词原形 过去常常1. 你很快就会习惯这里的生活的。Youll _ _ _ the life here soon.( ) My father _ watch TV after supper, but now he _ taking a walk at that time. A. is used to; used to B. is used to ; is used to C. used to ; used to D. used to ; is used to 11 . Steps to cook fried rice （做炒米饭的步骤）First, cut some cooked meat very finely. 首先，把一些熟肉切碎。Next , put some oil in the pan.接着，在锅里放一些油。Then , fry the meat lightly. 然后，轻炒一下肉。After that, add the rice slowly. Fry it for a few minutes.之后，慢慢地加米饭。把米饭炒几分钟。Finally , add some salt. 最后，加一些盐。12. A: Anything wrong ? / Is there anything wrong? 有什么事吗？ B: Its Li Hong. She is crying in the bathroom because she did badly in the English exam . She feels very lonely because she has no friends to talk with. 是李红。她正在卫生间里哭因为她英语考试考得不好。她感到很孤独因为她没有朋友和她交谈。 A: I think I should have a talk with her. 我想我应该和她谈一下。13. A: How are you feeling today? (问候) 今天你感觉怎样？ B：Im feeling really sad because I failed the English exam. 我真的感到难过因为我英语考试没及格。 A：Why dont you talk to someone when you feel sad ? / Why not talk to someone when you feel sad? (建议) 当你感到难过时，你为什么不找人谈话？ someone (某人) Everyone gets these feelings at your age. (安慰) 每个人在你的年龄都会有这些感受的。 There , there ! Itll be OK. 好啦，好啦！ 会没事的。 14. trip 旅行 Were going on a three-day visit to Mount Tai. 我们将要去泰山参观三天。go on a visit to 去参观/旅游Lets find out some information about the cost. 让我们弄清关于费用方面的一些信息。Id like to book some tickets to Mount Tai on April 13th .我想预定4月13日到泰山的一些车票。May I have your name and telephone number? 能给我你的姓名和电话号吗？15. 宾语从句： 宾语从句是指充当宾语的句子。that 引导的宾语从句。当陈述句充当宾语时，由that来引导，that 在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：I think (that ) we can have the food festival on our playground on Sunday. 我认为我们能在周日在我们的操场上举办美食节。Im sure that fried rice and dumplings will be popular.我相信炒米饭和饺子将会受欢迎。if / whether (是否)引导的宾语从句 Im not sure whether/ if I can cook fried rice well. 我不确定是否我能做好炒米饭。Can you tell me if/whether its polite to eat with your arms or elbows on the table in America? 你能告诉我在美国胳膊和肘部在桌子上吃东西是否是礼貌的吗？Do you know whether or not its impolite to smoke during a meal in France ? 你知道在法国吃饭期间吸烟是否是不礼貌的吗？ whether ( ) or not 是否， (注意：if不与or not 连用) 练习：（ ）1. I dont know _ its polite or not to eat with our arms or elbows on the table in America. A. if B. whether C. that D. /( ) 2. She asked me _ I could go to Beijing for traveling by plane. A. that B. if C. how D. what疑问词引导的宾语从句It depends on who will design our uniforms. 这取决于谁将设计我们的校服。She asks what materials they should choose. 她问他们应该选择什么面料。Could you tell me when you wear your uniforms? 你能告诉我你什么时候穿制服吗？Could you tell me where the special shoes are? 你能告诉我专用鞋在哪儿吗？练习题，把下面各小题的两句话合并为一句含宾语从句的复合句。在横线上填入宾语从句的引导词。1. Youre trying to help others . Im glad. Im glad _youre trying to help others.2. Can I cook fried rice well ? Im not sure. Im not sure _I can cook fried rice well.3. 1)I want to know. When can you get home? I want to know _ you can get home. 2) They ask me. What does Sam do? They ask me _ Sam does .3) Mary asks Tim. Where does Bill want to go ? Mary asks Tim _ Bill wants to go. 4) Why are you late for school today? Can you tell me ? Can you tell me _ you are late for school today? 总结：that 引导的宾语从句，原句为陈述句，if/whether 引导的宾语从句，原句为一般疑问句。Wh-疑问词（who, what, which, whose , when, where , why）和how引导的宾语从句，原句为相应的特殊疑问句。把下面的两个“简单句”，合并成一句。1. What is your name ? They ask me . _.2. I want to know. When can you get home ? _.3. Where does Tom live ? Could you tell me ? _.4.Could you tell me where Tom lives ? _ .4. What time will Maria get there ? I dont know. _宾语从句的语序：用陈述句语序, “引导词+主语+谓语+其他”。检测题：( ) 1. Could you tell me _ tomorrow morning？ Well, it will start at 9 oclock. A. when the meeting will start B. where will the meeting start C. where the meeting start D. When the meeting would start( ) 2. Could you tell me_? In Beijing. A. where does he work B. when does he work C. when he works D. where he works( ) 3. Do you know_? Next year. A. when he came here B. when did he came here C. when he will come here D. when will he come here 宾语从句的时态：Teacher : There will be a basketball match between Class 1 and Class 2 in the gym . 在体育馆一班和二班将有一场篮球赛。A: What did the teacher say just now ? 老师刚才说什么了？B: He said (that) there would be a basketball match between Class 1 and Class 2 in the gym.他说在体育馆一班和二班将有一场篮球赛。would (will的过去时 )，在过去时态的句子中不能用will.注意： 宾语从句的时态必须与主句呼应。 (1)若主句是过去时，从句的谓语动词的时态要变成相应的过去时态，即一般现在时变为一般过去时；一般将来时变为过去将来时；现在进行时变为过去进行时等。 (2)当主句中谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，从句中的谓语动词不受主句谓语时态的影响，可以按需要使用任何时态。如：She says (that) she watched the movie last night. 她说她昨晚看了那个电影。( )1. What did Li Xiang say just now? He said he _ his homework in the classroom at that time. A. did B. is doing C. was doing D. does( ) 2. Judy said that she _a nice skirt in Beijing. A. buy B. buys C. bought D. buying( ) 3. He asked the salesgirl _. A. how much is the T-shirt B. how much was the T-shirt C. how much the T-shirt is D. how much the T-shirt was( )4. He asked when _. A .they will go to the zoo B. will they go to the zoo C .would they go to the zoo D. they would go to the zoo二、本册书重点习语 1.见面问候语： How are you doing ? 你最近好吗？ How are you ? 答语：Very well ,thank you . 很好，谢谢。2. What seems to be the problem ? 怎么回事？ 3. How time flies ! 光阴似箭 ！ 4. Would you like to become my friend? 你想成为我的朋友吗？5. Lets give Michael a surprise ! 让我们给迈克尔一个惊喜！ 6. We must get ready for the English exam next week. 我们必须为下周的英语考试做好准备。(get ready for 为做好准备) 7. 我对自己有信心。 I am confident about myself. （be confident about 对有信心）8. I get so nervous when I give a speech. 当我发表演讲时，我变得很紧张。（give a speech = make a speech 发表演讲）9. I have a sweet tooth. 我喜欢吃甜食。10. Thats good enough. 那足够好了。11. Its a great pity. 太遗憾了。12. Never mind. 不要紧。 没关系。 13. Ill send you an email later on . 稍后我将给发个电子邮件。later on 稍后，以后14. Its very kind of you . = Its very nice of you.你真好。15. Well done! 做得好！16. Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 17. Best wishes to you ！ 向你致以最美好的祝福！18. In Japan, its polite to eat noisily. 在日本，响声大地吃东西是礼貌的。19. As the saying goes, “You are what you wear”. 正如俗语所讲：“衣如其人”。20. Congratulations ! 祝贺你！21. What size do you take? 你想要多大号的？ Size M. 中号。 What size 表示“多大号码”，通常用来询问人的衣、裤、鞋、帽的尺寸。 M是medium（中等的，中间的）的缩写。size S “小号”，S 是small 的缩写。size L 意为“大号”，L 是large的缩写。size XL 意为“特大号”，XL是extra large 的缩写。22. People call it cheongsam. 人们称它为旗袍。23.Here come another three models. 又来了三个模特。24.Today people can design the Tang costume as either formal or casual clothes.今天人们既可以把唐装设计成正装，也可以设计成休闲装。either or“（两者中）要么要么，不是就是”2536. About International Food Festival (有关国际美食节)Lets wish them success! 让我们祝他们成功！Enjoy yourselves! Have a good/wonderful time = Have fun （祝你们）玩得开心 ！过得愉快！Could I order a meal by phone? 我可以通过电话订餐吗？Sure. / Certainly. What would you like? 当然可以。你要什么？Anything else ? 还要别的东西吗？No, thats all. 不，就这些。OK. Well send the food to you in thirty minutes. 好。我们将在30分钟后把食物送到你那儿。一般将来时中，常用“in + 一段时间”表示 “之后 ” 1. ( ) -When will you finish your homework? - _ half an hour. A. At B. After C. In D. OnMay I have the bill , please ? 请问，我可以结账吗？Heres your change. 给你零钱。Thanks for coming! 感谢光临！Thanks for your order. 感谢你的定餐。3738. 提建议两种方法： A：明天我们八点在学校大门口见面好吗？ Shall we meet at the school gate at 8:00 a.m. tomorrow? B: 可以。All right. 我们/我做某事好吗？ Shall we/I do sth. ? 我们一起去购物吧。Lets go shopping together. Shall we go shopping together ?我们一起去购物好吗？ Lets = Let us 让我们三、语法：1. 系动词：look(看起来) ，smell (闻起来) ，sound (听起来) ， taste (品尝)，feel( 感觉，摸 )，seem(似乎)， become (变得，成为)，后面接形容词，用于“主系表”的句子中。练习题： 1. How does the music sound ? It sounds _ . (wonder ) 2. The song Welcome to Beijing _ exciting. I like it a lot. A. tastes B. looks C. sounds D. smells 2 4. My father and mother want to invite your parents to go to the movies. 我父母想邀请你父母去看电影。 invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事。 练习题： ( )What did you do last night, Lily? Yesterday was Mikes birthday. He _me _ to his party. A. invites; come B. invites ; to come to C. invited; come D. invited; to come3. say thanks to 向致谢 Please say thanks to your mom. 请向你妈妈说声谢谢。4. The father was lonely and often became angry because of the noisy children. 这个父亲是孤独的并且因为吵闹的孩子经常变得生气。because of + 名词/代词/相当于名词的短语 because + 完整句子练习题： Tommy feels lonely _ other kids dont like him.He didnt go to the movies_ the snowstorm.Why was Bill late for school this morning ? _ the heavy traffic. A. Because B. For C. As D. Because of 5. 动词不定式动词不定式：1. 基本结构： “to + 动词原形”。2.用法：在句中不可以作谓语，其它句子成分都可以。 作主语:动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，把动词不定式放在后面。 It costs 46 yuan to get to Hailaer by bus. 乘客车到海拉尔花46元。Its cheaper and safer to get to Hailaer by bus. 乘大客到海拉尔更便宜更安全。每天走到学校花我半个小时。It takes me half an hour _ to school every day. (walk) 练习题： Did you have much homework last night? Yes. It took me three hours _ it. I was so tired. A. finish B. finishing C. finished D. to finish 作宾语：You need to find out the cost for the bus. 你需要弄清客车的费用。I plan to go by plane. 我计划乘飞机去。Id like to make friends with you. 我想和你交朋友。作宾语补足语：The teacher asks us not to be late .老师让我们不要迟到。作定语：The best way to go to Hailaer is by bus. 到海拉尔的最佳方式是乘客车。作状语：I went to Hailaer to buy a book last Saturday. 上周六我去海拉尔买了一本书。作表语：A students job is to study carefully.学生的工作是认真学习。1) make（使）, let（让）, 等使役动词及see（看见）, watch（观看）, feel（感觉，摸）, hear（听见）, notice （注意到）等感观动词后面，用动词不定式时省略to 。see sb. doing 看见某人正在干某事 （强调动作正在进行）see sb do sth 看见某人做过某事 （强调动作已结束）We saw them playing basketball at that time.那时我们看见他们在打篮球.I often saw Kangkang play basketball during the winter holidays. 在寒假期间我经常看见康康打篮球。The boss made the workers _ 12 hours a day. (work) 那个老板强迫工人每天工作12小时。( ) The blue dress can make you _nice. Would you like one? OK, Ill take it. A. sound B. look C. to sound D. to look ( ) Mr. Wang let Ann _ a speech in front of the class. But she refused _ that. A. to give ; to do B. give ; to doing C. giving; doing D. give ; to do2）help后接不定式，可带to ,也可省略to. 3）want, hope, try, need, forget, learn, plan, decide一般接动词不定式作宾语。The four children decided _ newspapers to raise money. (sell)动词不定式的否定形式为“not to do sth. ”如：The teacher asks us not to talk in class. 老师让我们不要在课堂上说话。11. 对比三句话，总结spend ，cost, pay三个词的区别，Each student spends one dollar on a ticket. 每个学生花一美元买一张票。It costs each student one dollar to buy a ticket .买一张票花了每个学生一美元。A ticket costs each student one dollar .一张票花了每个学生一美元。Each student pays one dollar for a ticket. 每个学生花一美元买一张票。 cost 需付费，价钱为，所在句子的主语是物；A standard room with two single beds costs 100 yuan. 有两个单人床的标间价钱为100元。spend 花费，花（时间，金钱），所在句子的主语是人。常用结构为：spend +钱 on +物 花钱买某物；pay 付款，所在句子主语是人，常用结构为“pay (+钱 )for + 物 ” take与spend 的区别：spend + 时间 （in） doing sth.花时间做某事 take 表示“花费时间”，主语常为形式主语it ,动词不定式为真正主语. I spent two hours ( in ) doing my homework yesterday evening. 昨晚我花了两个小时做作业。It took me two hours to do my homework yesterday evening. 昨晚做作业花了我两个小时。( ) Lucy will learn to play the piano, though it _ too much. A. costs B. takes C. spends D. pays ( ) Its too expensive. I can only _ 50 yuan _ the shirt. OK. Here you are. A. spend ; in B. pay ; for C. cost ; on D. take; to 13. 方位（direction ）Beijing is in the north of China. 北京在中国的北方。Japan is to t