[学案]初四英语

学案初四英语 Units10-12复习导学案赵锡云复习目标Hi, friends! 你能说说这几单元你学到了什么吗？本学案可是展现你这几单元学习成果的地方哟，怎么样，有勇气亮相吗？开始之前，我们来先梳理一些语言知识：1. 话题呈现： 第十单元掌握it做形式上的主语，真正的主语是不定式。 第十一单元主要复习完成时态。 第十二单元掌握remember的用法2. 重点词汇和短语复习导航一、重点词汇Unit10behavior stranger typical trust oil share effect brain ability certainly amountUnit11 injury bandage eyesight treatment faint safely immediately rock surviveUnit12proud sickness courage二、重点词组Unit 10商量讨论 talk over 自己决定 make ones own decision 为了 in order to 在外边待到很晚 stay out late 同意做某事目前 agree to do 在某人的帮助下 with the help of 闲逛 hang out 有点太多 a little too much 安排自己的生活 organize ones own life 放弃 give up 引导 guide to 态度端正 have a good attitude 尽可能经常 as often as you can 和陌生人见面 meet up with strangers 淡化烦恼 take trouble less seriously 对.有影响 have problem with 熬夜 stay up 度过 get throughUnit11急救 first aid 从.掉下来 fall off 在.方面有麻烦 have trouble doing sth. 摔倒 fall down 一直 all the time 过敏反映 allergy attack 少数 a small number of 课间 break time 骄傲 be proud of 保持 keep up 遇到意外事故 have an accident 仰起头 put ones head back 撞了头 get hit in the head彻底情理 clean up 晒伤 get sunburned 割断 cut off 冒险 到 take risks出走处在危险之中 be in dangerous positionUnit 12结束 be over 害怕某人 be scared of sb. 得了满分get full marks 说不出话来 lose ones voice 交朋友 make friends 和争吵 quarrel with 盼望做 look forward to doing 信任 believe in 尽力做好 go for it 学英语的学生 students of English 达到目的 achieve ones aim 退出 drop out 继续 get ahead三、有用句型1. The cheetah can run 100 kilometers per hour.2. She is too young to make her own decisions.3. Tell them not to meet strangers.4. Ive broken my arm. 5. We have been more confident since Grade 8.6. I remember being a volunteer once.7. I used to have problems speaking English.四、语法语法讲解（一）使役动词的用法英语中有些动词常用来表达“让使强制”的意思，这类动词我们称为使役动词，常见的使役动词有have / make / let1 共同：have / make / let sb do sth 2 make & let 这两个动词后面都跟不带to的不定式，但意义和用法有区别 (1) make + 名词/代词 + 不带to的不定式表示“迫使”、“致使”： That beard makes you look much older than you really are. What made him change his mind? 在被动语态中含有上述意义的make后面必须带to: 例：他被迫一天工作14小时 He was made to work fourteen hours a day. 他被迫改变了主意 _（2）let用于祈使句，建议包括说话者在内的人采取某一行动： Lets not waste any more time 否定形式也可用Dont lets. （3）have的用法have 宾语过去分词“have 名词done”中的have是使役动词。表示“让某人来完成某动作”。 Those plants are not suitable for that part of the gardenI should have them pulled up那些植物在园子里的那个地方不太合适。我要（叫人）把它们拔掉。 have 宾语不定式（不带to） 这种结构一般表示“让某人做某事”。例如： I have my children clean the house before you arrive在你们来之前，我让孩子们把屋子打扫干净了。 （二）比较级、最高级的用法：一形容词的比较等级有三种：即原级，比较级，最高级。原级，只有一者，没有比较，在原级前面经常有very, quite, really, too, so等来修饰，比较级是两者之间进行比较，最高级是三者或三者以上比较，今天我们就来复习形容词比较级以及最高级的用法：（一）比较级的用法1. 一方比另一方“较.,”“更.” AB （ 比较级+than）He is taller than me. You are more outgoing than him.在这种形式中，形容词前可以加much., a lot (的多)，a little (少一点，小一点)，even(甚至),once(一次),twice（两次）,three time（三次）等来修饰。He is much more athletic than I. He is a little more athletic than I.He is even more athletic than I. A is three times as strong as B2. A比B大/小/矮多少等 （ 数词+量词+比较级+than）He is two years older than me. This tree is four meters taller than that one.3. A=B （as +原级+as）He is as old as me. His father is as tall as him. You are as funny as him.4. A不如B （not as/so+原级+ as）He isnt as /so old as me. His father isnt as/so tall as him.He isnt as /so funny as him.5. 越来越 （ 比较级+and+比较级）He is taller and taller. Our life is getting better and better.6.越越 （the+比较级the+比较级）The more you eat, the fatter you will be7.两者中较 的一个 （the +比较级+of）The taller of the two girls is my sister.注意：以上1.2.5.6.7点要用形容词的比较级，而2.3点要用形容词的原级。（二）最高级的用法最高级是三者或三者以上比较，常与in, of 短语连用(the +最高级+of/in比较范围)He is the tallest in our class.He is the strongest of these three boys.注意：形容词最高级前通常要加the,但如果形容词前有物主代词，就不需要加定冠词了Fishing is his latest hobby. Tom is my best friend. （三）原级与比较级可以互相转换，比较级与最高级可以互相转换 Im not as tall as Tom.= Im shorter than Tom= Tom is taller than me.This book isnt as interesting as that book.= This book is less interesting than that book.Peter is more popular than any other boy in his class=Peter is the most popular boy in his class. 二形容词比较级，最高级的构成：分规则和不规则两种1. 规则的：1）直加er/est smart-smarter-smartest young-younger-youngest2) 以e结尾加r/st nice-nicer=nicest late-later-latest3) 双写加er/est big-bigger=biggest hot-hotter-hottest4) 以辅音字母加y结尾，去y,再加ier/iest busy- busier- busiest easy -easier- easiest heavy -heavier- heaviest5) 多音节词和部分双音节词，在原形前面加more, mostinteresting- more interesting- most interesting serious- more serious- most serious2. 不规则的：good/well-better-best many/much-more-most bad/ill-worse-worst little-less-least far-farther/further-farthest/furthest old-older/elder-oldest/eldest（三）不定式的用法不定式在句子中可做主语、宾语、表语、和宾语补语。 1)不定式做主语当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，而将不定式放到谓语的后面。 It is形容词for sb.不定式 It is important for us to learn English2）不定式作宾语常用在下面结构中；主语动词it形容词不定式。 【例如】 We found It important to learn English使用这种句型的常见动词有：believe, find, think,等。 3)不定式作状语 不定式作状语表示目的。【例如】I study hard to go to the university4)不定式作表语My job is to feed the animals4)不定式作宾语补语常跟在下列动词之后作宾语补语：ask, advise, allow, invite, order, teach, tell, urge,等。 【例如】 He asked you to call him at ten oclock. Id never allow my children to behave like that. 当不定式在let, make, have, hear, look at, listen to, watch, notice,等动词后面作宾语补语时，不定式不带to. 【例如】 Let us go homeHe made his father buy a book for himUNIT 10 1. Its important to have a healthy lifestyle.拥有一种健康的生活方式很重要。翻译：学好英语是很重要的。 2. Exercising helps teenagers to stay healthy.锻炼有助于青少年保持健康。翻译：阅读能帮助学生学好英语。 3. In order to be healthy, teenagers need enough sleep.为了健康，青少年需要足够的睡眠。翻译：为了省钱，她经常早晨不吃早饭。 4. Maybe you could talk things over with your parents.或许你可以就一些事情和你父母讨论一下。翻译：我们应该常跟我们的老师讨论一下我们的健康问题。 5. Most, however, get through their teenage years with the help of their families and friends.尽管如此，大多数表少年在家人和帮助下顺利度过了他们的肖少年时代。翻译：在老师的帮助下，她通过了英语考试。 6. They know it is never too late to change bad habits.他们知道改变坏习惯永远不会太晚。翻译：他弟弟太小而不能上学。 7. Wang Le wants to do things that most teenagers do.王乐想做大多数青少年做的事。翻译：他终于买了他喜欢的那双鞋。 8. She hangs out with them a little too much.她与他们一起在外闲逛得要稍多一些。翻译：每个星期天我都和妈妈一起去闲逛 9. he would rather drink coffee and cola than water.她宁愿喝咖啡和可乐，而不愿喝水。翻译：我宁愿当一名英语教师，也不愿意当一名导游。 10. I need to find more time to read books.我需要找更多的时间读书。翻译：我需要争更多的钱去买书。 11. I want to talk things over with my parents more often.我想更经常地和父母讨论一些问题。翻译：我们应该更经常地去看望我们的祖父母。 12. Help others out as often as you can.尽可能经常地帮助别人。翻译：他们帮我解决了很多困难。 13. Not getting enough sleep has serious effect on our brains ability to work.没有足够的睡眠会严重影响我们大脑的工作能力。翻译：加工的食物会对我们的健康有影响。 14. If you go without sleep, you might have problems with your memory or with your concentration.不睡觉会影响你的记忆力和集中力。翻译： 15. The amount of sleep we need is different from person to person.所需睡眠时间因人而异，但平均不得低于8小时。翻译：我不知道这些钱的数目是多少。 16. A large amount of research has been done to understand sleep.我们已解读睡眠的大量研究。翻译：这些钱的数目很大。 17. The brain needs to rest in order to work at its best.为了以最佳状态工作，大脑需要休息。翻译：为了节省时间，他跑着去赶公共汽车。 UNIT 111. Ive broken my arm. 我摔折了胳膊。翻译:他昨天折断了他的笔. 2. I fell off my bike.我从自行车上摔了下来。翻译:他昨天从树上摔下来 3. Im having trouble breathing.我呼吸有点困难翻译:我说英语有困难. 4. Whats the matter with your hand?你的手怎么了。翻译:你怎么啦? 5. I have allergy attacks我的过敏症发作了。翻译:我感冒了五天了. 6. I cut my finger when I fell during P.E class. 在体育课上摔倒之后，我弄破了手指。翻译:她把肉切成了两半. 7. I hurt myself while I was cooking.我在做饭时，弄伤了自己。翻译:他在上体育课时伤了他的胳膊. .8. Whats the matter with you? 你怎么了？翻译:你的自行车怎么啦? 9. The aim was to find out about accident and health problems in order to improve safety and genera; health among the student. 摸底是调查学生当中存在的健康和以外事故的问题，以此提高学生安全和全面的艰苦意识。翻译:为了提高我们的口语技能,我们每天都尽可能地多说英语. 10. For a small number of students these problems can belong term.对一小部分学生来说，这种问题是长期存在的。翻译:世界上说英语的人最多. 11. The school is very proud of this, and plans to keep up the good work.学校以此为骄傲，而且打算继续保持这种良好的工作作风。翻译:他以他的儿子而自豪. 12. Run it under water. 在水里冲洗一下。翻译:如果你划伤了你的手指,请你在流动的水下冲洗一下. 13. Put your head back.仰起头。翻译:如果你能回答老师的问题,请快举手. 14. Someone got hit in the head. 有人头部受到了撞击。翻译:他的车受到了严重的撞击. .15. Put a bandage on it. 在上面缠上了绷带。翻译:在面包上加上一片鸡肉. 16. First, the cut was cleaned. 首先，清洗伤口。翻译: 17. After that I was told to rest and not to walk around too much.之后，（大夫）告诉我注意休息，不要走动过多。翻译:学生应该休息,不要布置太多的作业. .18. I cleaned it up, and then put medicine on it我清晰了伤口，然后缚上药翻译:我们每天把教室打扫得很干净. After the bone was removed, he was allowed to go home 午饭时,一根鱼刺卡住了贾明的喉咙.翻译: UNIT 121. I remember meeting all of you in Grade 6.我记得在六年级和大家见面的情景。翻译:我记得我关灯了。 2. I used to have problems speaking English.我过去说有问题。翻译:过去这儿有个医院。 3. I have become more confident since Grade 8.自从8 年级起，我就变得现自信了。翻译:我是一个很有自信的人。 4. In the first year, I made friends showed me that education is important for my future.在第一年里，我交了许多朋友，充满了快乐。翻译:自从我来到这儿以来，我交了许多好朋友。 5. Now I know that I have the ability to do good work.现在我知道我有能力学好功课。翻译:他的能力很好，他能适应这个工作。 6. Im very happy that Im no longer bottom of the class.我很高兴我不再是班上的最后一名了。翻译: 7. I hope to do well in the final exam.我希望在期末考试中取得好成绩。翻译:他在英语方面学得很好。 8. I want to make my parents and teachers proud of me.我想让老师和父母为我而自豪。翻译:我总是以我的好成绩而自豪。 9. I have to support the family.我不得不承担养家的重担。翻译:你必须支持我的工作。 .10. I have difficulty in getting to sleep.我很难入睡。翻译:我说英语有点困难。 11. Im looking forward to going to senior high school.我盼望进入高中学习。翻译:我盼望我能有个好工作。 12. I hope to pass the entrance examination.我希望通过入学考试。翻译: 13. I believe in both of you .我信任你们两个。翻译:我们的学生很信任我们的班主任。 14. What advice have your parents given you? 父母给了你什么忠告？翻译:你能给我一些建议吗？ 15. The problem for students of English I that phrasal verbs are more difficult to understand than you think.对于学英语的学生来说，问题在于动词短语理解起来比你想得更难。翻译:吃天然的食品比吃加工的食品要更健康。 .They are telling you that they plan to do their best to achieve their aim.他们在告诉你，他们要尽最大努力达到目标。 翻译:学生们一直在尽最大努力学英语。 17.I hope your answer to question 7 was “yes”!我希望你第七个问题的答案是“yes”！翻译:这不是这个门上的钥匙。巩固提高一、单项选择(25)1.The picture looks _ better than the real thing. A. more B. a lot C. a few D. a lots2. The new building is _ than the old one. A. as twice high as B. as high twice as C. twice as high as D. as high as twice3. Its dangerous for you _ the road when the traffic is _. A. to across , heavy B. to go across, many C. to cross, heavy D. to go cross, muc4.-Do you remember_ me in Grade Six? -Yes, I haveA to meet B meeting C meet D met 5. Well stay at home if it_ tomorrow. Wed better find out whether it_ A. will rain, will rain B. will rain, rains C. rains, will rain D. rains, rains 6. Nobody knew what _ the young man at that moment. A. happened to B. is happening to C. has happened D. had happened.7. _my dictionary? I cant find it anywhere. I _ it on the shelf when I came in. A. Did you see; have seen B. Have you seen, saw C. Did you see; saw D. Have you seen, have seen8. The box is so heavy. The little boy isnt _ to carry it.A. enough strong B. strong enough C. too strong D. too old9. He has problem _ English. He plans _it every day to improve it. A. speaking, to practice B. speaks, to practice C. speaking, practicing D. speaks, practicing10.Her mother was out,. She stayed at home _, but she didnt feel _. A. alone, lonely. B. lonely; alone C. alone; alone D. lonely, lonely11. I finished my homework soon after school _.A. with his mother help B. under the help of my mother C. with his mothers helps D. with the help of my mother12. He _ hard work, and he never complains ( 抱怨 ).A. used to B. got used to C. is used to D. is used to do13.Could you please tell me _?A. whats the matter with you B. what was the matter with youC. what the matter is with you D. what the matter was with you14.Students _ slippers when they are at school.A. dont allow to wear B. are not allowed to wearC. are not allowed to put on D. dont allow to put on15.Will you come on Monday or Tuesday?-Im afraid _ day is possible. Ill be busy next week.A. either B. both C. neither D. any二、词汇1.Jack Chen is a _ (典型的) action star nowadays2.A large a_ of money is spent on smoking every year.3.When accidents happen ,first aid t_ is very important.4.The _(疾病) has become worse and worse .5.She is a modern girl with g_ hair.6.I have the _(勇气) to go there alone.7.His b_ at school is very bad.8. Finally she got to the island s_, she is very happy .三、动词填空 For many young people, _(become) a professional athlete might seem like a dream job. If you become a professional athlete, you_(be) able to make a living doing something you love. If you _(become)famous, people all over the world will know you. Many athletes give money to schools and charities, and do a lot of work _(help) people. This is a great chance that many people don,t have.However, professional athletes can also have many problems. If you are famous, people will watch you all the time and _(follow) you. This can make life difficult.If you play sports for a living, your job will sometimes be very dangerous. Many professional athletes get injured. And if you become rich, you will have a difficult time _(know) who your real friends are. In fact, many famous people complain that they _(be not) hap