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外研版 英语 必修 module2 重点 知识 练习

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Ⅰ.单词荟萃 1．addict n. 入迷的人；瘾君子→ ________ adj.使人上瘾的， 使人入迷的→ ________ adj. 上瘾的， 入迷的→ addiction n. 瘾， 入迷， 嗜好 2．danger n．危险→ ________ adj.危险的→ ________ vt. 危及；使遭到危险 3. _________ adj. 有力的；有功效的→ _________ adj. 没有力量的→power n. 力量；权利 4. _________n. 联系；关系；关联→connect v. 联系→ ________ adj.有关联的 5. ________ vt. 减少→reduction n. 减少 6. ______ adj. 违法的；不合法的→legal adj. 合法的 7. _______ v．不同意；意见不合→ ___________ n．不一致；争论→agree vt.同意→ ___________ n. 协议；(意见等)一致 8. _________ n．治疗→treat v．治疗 9. ______ v. 影响→ _______ n. 影响， 作用 10．participant n．参与者；参加者 _________v．参加， 参与→participation n．参加， 参与 11. ________ v．认出， 识别；认可→recognition n. 认出， 识别， 承认 Ⅱ.短语检测 1．与……有关系 2．破门而入 3．与……共享 4．处于危险中 5．对……上瘾 6．处于痛苦中 7．听取某人的建议 8．为了 9．提高(价格等) 10．由于……的结果 11．设定一个日期 12．制订计划 13．列出一个……的单子 14．培养新的兴趣 15．参加……班/课程的学习 be related to break into share with be in danger be addicted to… be in pain take one’s advice so as to/in order to put up as a result of set a date make plans make a list of… develop new interests take a…class/course Ⅲ.佳句再现 1．Thirteen people die every hour from illness related to smoking tobacco, ______ cancer, bronchitis and heart disease. 每小时有13个人死于与吸烟有关的疾病， 例如癌症、支气管炎和心脏病。 2．It was ______ dangerous drug ____ he nearly died. 这是一种如此危险的药品， 以至于让他差点丧命。 3．Now I work in a centre for drug addicts, ______________________________. 我现在在一个戒毒中心工作， 帮助人们戒毒。 4．In most states in the US, _________________ to smoke in public buildings. 在美国的很多个州， 在公共场所吸烟是违法的。 5．I couldn’t _________ .我完全同意。 四、词汇学习 1　addict　n. 入迷的人， 有瘾的人 (1) addictive adj. 　　 使人上瘾的；使人着迷的 addicted adj. 入迷的， 有瘾的 addiction n. 瘾， 入迷， 嗜好 (2) be/get addicted to 热衷于；对……上瘾 【温馨提示】 和addicted搭配的to为介词， 后面若加动词要用动名词形式。 【活学活用】 (1) Smokers are likely ______________ nicotine. 吸烟的人容易对尼古丁上瘾。 (2) I took up skiing a couple of years ago and I ___________________. 我几年前开始练滑雪， 发现这项运动挺让人着迷。 2　likely　adj. (probable)很可能的 adv. 或许， 很可能 (1)unlikely adj.　　　 不太可能的 (2)be likely/unlikely to do sth.很可能/不太可能做某事 It is likely/unlikely that… 很可能/不太可能…… 【易混辨析】 likely, possible和probable (1)意义上：likely 和probable表示的可能性都较大,possible表示的可能性则较小。 (2)搭配上： sb./sth. be likely to do … It is likely/possible/probable that… It is possible (for sb.) to do sth. 【易错警示】 likely的主语既可以是物， 也可以是人， 但不能说It is likely (for sb.) to do; probable和possible的主语则必须是形式主语it。如： He is likely to take the job. It is likely/probable/possible that he will take the job. It is possible for him to take the job. 他(很)可能接受这份工作。 【活学活用】 (1) The war _________ continue. 战争很可能会继续。 (2) Is it _______ to get tickets for the game?有没有可能弄到比赛的票？ 3　affect　vt. (to produce an effect or change)影响；(to touch or move)感动；[(of disease) to attack; to infect](疾病) 侵袭 be deeply affected by…被……所深深感动 【易混辨析】 affect, effect和influence 三个词都含“影响”的意思。 (1) affect v. 指“产生的影响之大足以引起反应”， 着重“影响” 的动作， 有时含有“对……产生不利影响”的意思。 (2) effect n. 效果， 影响， 作用， 常用于短语 have an effect on 中。 (3) influence n．&v. 影响， 指“通过说服、举例等对行动、思 想、性格等产生不易觉察到的、潜移默化的影响”。作名词 时可以构成短语have an influence on。 【温馨提示】 effect作名词时表示“影响， 作用”， 而作动词时意为“使发生，实现，引起”。 学生容易混淆。 【活学活用】 (1) Your opinion will not ______ my decision. 你的意见不会影响我的决定。 (2)What ______ do you think the changes will have ____ you？你认为这些变化会给你带来什么样的影响？ (3) _________ by a high school biology teacher, he took up the study of medicine. 在一位高中生物老师的影响下， 他开始从事医学研究。 4　ban　vt. [to officially forbid (sth.)] 明令禁止n. 禁止， 禁令 (1) ban sb. from (doing) sth. 命令禁止某人做某事 a ban on sb./sth. 对……的禁令 (2) forbid sb. from doing sth./forbid sb. to do sth.禁止某人做某事 prevent/stop/keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 【易混辨析】 ban和forbid (1) ban指官方正式地禁止危险的、危害公众的事物， 含谴责或不赞成的态度。 (2) forbid是普通用语， 表示清楚地、态度强硬地直接禁止某人做某事，用于较小事物， 或由个人、上级、官方、长辈发出的正式规定或规则， 或客观条件不允许。 【活学活用】 1. 根据汉语意思完成句子 (1)Charlie’s been __________________ for a year. 查理被禁止驾车一年。 (2) We have put a _______ smoking. 我们已颁布了禁烟令。 2. 单项填空 The rain ________ us to go out yesterday. A．banned B．forbade C．prevented D．made 【解析】 B　考查动词辨析。句意：下雨阻止了我们出 去。此处指客观条件不允许，因此用B。prevent 要用于 搭配prevent sb. from doing。 5　recognize　vt. 认出，识别；认可， 承认；公认；赏识 (1) recognition n. 　　　 认出， 识别；承认；公认 recognizable adj. 可辨认的， 可识别的；可承认的 (2) recognize…as 公认……为；承认……是 It is recognized that… 人们承认…… 【易混辨析】 recognize和know recognize意为“认出， 辨别出”强调从外表上辨认出， 指 一时性的动作；know是状态性动词， 表示知道某个人并认 识他,在一定程度上还对他有所了解， 指长久性的一种情况。 【活学活用】 (1)I ______ him, but I could hardly ________ him when I saw him last night. 我认识他， 但当我昨晚看到他时， 我几乎认不出他了。 (2)He ______________ a talented writer. 他被公认为是一个有天分的作家。 (3) ____________________ the project was much harder than expected. 人们认识到这个工程比预料的要难得多。 五、词汇学习 1　be related to　 和……有关系， 和……有联系 in relation to　　　　　　　 关于；涉及 be connected ____ 和……有联系 have sth./nothing to do with 和……(没)有关系 【温馨提示】 be related to中to为介词， 后面要加名词或动名词。 【活学活用】 The theme of the reading passage ______________________________________________________the theme of the dialogue. 阅读文章的主题与对话的主题有关。 2　be in danger　 在危险之中 be in danger of…　有……的危险 be out of danger脱离危险 【易混辨析】 danger和risk (1) danger是常用词， 指“目前的危险， 也可指今后的或不一定发生的危险”； (2) risk指“风险”， 含有“主动冒险”的意思。 【活学活用】 (1)Children’s lives ___________ every time they cross this road. 孩子们每次过这条马路都面临着生命危险。 (2)He rescued the child at the ____ of his own life. 他冒着生命危险把那个孩子救出来了。 3. break into　强行闯入 break into tears/laughter/cheers突然大哭/大笑/欢呼起来 break away from 逃走；逃脱 break down (机器等)出故障， 坏掉；(身体)垮掉， (精神)崩溃；失败；划分；使分解(为) break in 　 　闯入， 强行进入；打断， 插嘴 break out 突然发生 break through 突破， 冲破；克服， 战胜 break up 粉碎， 分裂；(婚姻等)结束 【温馨提示】 break into 和break in 都有“闯入”的意思， 但break into是及物动词， 后面要加宾语， 而break in是不及物动词， 后面不加宾语。如： Burglars broken in while they were away on holiday. 他们假日外出时， 有窃贼进入了屋内。 【活学活用】 根据语境选择break合适的短语填空 (1)The thieves ________ the office and stole some money. (2) Please don’t _________on our conversation. (3) He ___________and cried when he heard the news. (4) Scientists think they are beginning to ____________ in the fight against cancer. (5) Their marriage has _________. (6) Our car __________ on the way home. (7) I was in a nightclub in Brixton and a fight _________. 4　so as to＝in order to　为了 【温馨提示】 so as to 不能放于句首， 而in order to 或不定式to短语则可以放于句首。 so as to 为了， 表目的。 so…as to 如此……以至于， 表结果。 【活学活用】 (1)He ran ______________________ catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。 (2)He ran __________________ his balance and fell. 他跑得太快了， 结果失去平衡摔倒了。 六、句型学习 1　It was such a dangerous drug that he nearly died. 　这是一种如此危险的药品， 以至于让他差点丧命。 【温馨提示】 “such ＋ a/an ＋adj. ＋单数可数名词＋ that”可以与“so＋adj. ＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋that”互换， 要注意不定冠词的位置。 【句式点拨】 (1)so 或such与所修饰的部分放于句首时会引起部分倒装。 例1：So attracted was he by the game that he forgot the time. 他被这种游戏深深吸引了， 竟忘记了时间。 例2：Such a lively lesson did he give us on my first day at school that I still remember it today. 在我上学的第一天他给我们上的课非常生动，我至今还记得。 (2)so后面也可以直接加动词的过去分词。 例：The book is so written that it gives a quite wrong idea of the facts. 这本书写成了这个样子， 给出了完全错误的事实。 (3)当前后主语相同时， 我们还经常用到so…as to…和such…as to…来表示“如此……以至于”。 例：I was so stupid as to play football in the rain. 我竟愚蠢到在雨中踢球。 【活学活用】 (1)He made _______________________________________ that everyone admired him. 他做了如此精彩的演讲， 所有的人都很佩服他。 (2)There were _____ a lot of people ____ we didn’t have enough seats for everyone. 人太多了， 没有足够的座位给每个人坐。 (3)___________ the force of the explosion that windows were broken.爆炸的威力相当大， 窗子都碎了。 2　I couldn’t agree more.　 我非常赞同。 【句式点拨】 此句中， “couldn’t＋比较级”表示肯定意义， “再……不过了；非常”。在比较级中， 经常用比较级和否定结构结合表示最高级含义或表示肯定强调。如： We couldn’t have found a better place for a picnic. 我们不可能找到比这儿更适合野餐的地方了。(这是我们所找到的最适合野餐的地方。) I have never seen a more interesting film. 这是我看过的电影中最有趣的。 【活学活用】 1. 根据汉语意思完成句子 The weather couldn’t be worse. 天气再糟糕不过了(非常糟糕)。 2. 单项填空 —How was the movie last night? —I’ve never seen ________ before. It was so breathtaking! 　A．the best one B．the better one C．a good one D．a better one 【解析】D从回答者的第二句话可知，电影非常棒，因此，用比较级和否定结构可以表示最高级概念，因此选D。 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1 . Smoke a______ health, so you’d better give it up. 2．You will be a______ to the drug if you keep on taking it. 3．The stepmother t______ the girl better than her own child. 4．I think it would be good if they b_____ smoking in restaurants and cafes as well. 5．No, I d______. I don’t think it would be the right thing to do. Ⅱ.选词填空 be related to， share with， take my advice， so as to， put up 1．The test questions are kept secret _______ prevent cheating. 2．More and more people die from illnesses ________ pollution. 3．If you don’t ______________, you will be sorry one day. 4．The government _______ the price of cigarettes to stop people buying them. 5．I have an office that I _________ some other teachers. Ⅲ.单项填空 1．[2010陕西卷] Studies show that people are more ________ to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours. 　　A. likely B. possible C. probable D. sure 【解析】 A　考查形容词的用法区分。根据句子意思表示可能性，排除D；另外，sb. is likely to do sth.这一句式中，不能用possible和probable，它们可用于：It is possible/probable that…。 2．Scientists have been worried for years about the _________ of air pollution on the earth’s natural conditions. A．effect B．reason C．account D．cause 【解析】 A　考查名词辨析。根据语境“……担心空气污染对地球自然状况的影响”，选A。 3．Every weekend, Mrs Green asked her daughter to visit the museum to ________ her interest in science. A．grow B．develop C．make D．build 【解析】 B　develop意为“培育；使形成”，符合句意。 4．It was ________ that the tourists wanted to spend more time taking pictures outdoors. A．so fine weather B．such fine weather C．so fine a weather D．such a fine weather 【解析】 B　weather是不可数名词，因此要用such，而不能用so。 5．The computer system ________ suddenly while he was searching information on the Internet. A．broke down B．broke out C．broke up D．broke in 【解析】 A　考查break短语辨析。 break down意为“(机器)损坏”；break out意为“逃脱；逃出；突然发生”；break up意为“分裂；结束；解散”；break in意为“闯入”。 6. ________ that Maric was able to set up new branches elsewhere. A．So successful her business was B．So successful was her business C．So her business was successful D．So was her successful business 【解析】 B　考查so…that句型的倒装形式。在so/such…that结构中，如果把so或such所修饰的形容词或副词提前，主句要倒装，因此答案为B。 7．Yao Ming was recognized ________ one of the best basketball players in China. A．as B．for C．with D．like 【解析】 A　be recognized as…意为“被认为是……”。句意：姚明被认为是中国最伟大的篮球运动员之一。 8．The couple finally bought the house they wanted, for they ________ enough money. A．had saved B．were saving C．would save D．were to save 【解析】 A　考查时态。句意：夫妇俩终于买了他们想要的房子，因为他们已经攒了足够的钱。“攒钱”是在“买房子”之前，所以用过去完成时。 9．The matter ________ your fate(命运) can not be taken for granted. A．has to do with B．related to C．referred to D．connecting with 【解析】 B　考查relate短语。related to 作后置定语，相当于connected with。 10．—It is not a good idea to go hiking on such a day. — ________ It looks like rain. A．Yes. B．Why not? C．Certainly. D．Absolutely. 【解析】 D　考查交际用语。Absolutely可以表示同意，意为“当然，对极了”。 Ⅰ. 单词荟萃 n.经济→ adj.经济上的，经济学的→ adj.节约的，经济的 sailor n.船员，水手 → v.航行 n.帆 n.祝贺→congratulate v.祝贺，庆祝 adv.在船(飞机、火车)上→board n.模板；加班 v.登机，上船等；住校 n.成就；功业；伟绩→achieve v.实现，完成；赢得，达到 adj.高兴地 →delight n.高兴 v.使高兴→ adj.令人愉快的 n.男演员→ n.女演员→act v.行动；表演 n.行为 n.新年；心跳→ n.不信仰，怀疑，不信→believe v.相信；认为； → adj.可以相信的→ adj.难以相信的 cultural adj.文化的→ n.文化 v.创作，生产→produce n. （尤指）农产品→ n.生产；产量→product n. 产品，产物 Ⅱ.短语检测 1．在太空 6．既然 2．拍照片 7.信任；信仰，相信...的存在 3．起飞 8．快点，加油；得了吧 4．总计 9．把注意力放在 5．祝某人成功 Ⅲ.佳句再现 1．The Beijing Space Control Centre said the flight was a complete success. 2．Yang is the 31st person to travel in space,including astronauts from 32 countries. 3．Amateur astronomer David Bates was looking at the moon through his telescope last night when he got a big surprise. 4．Now that I have made the first visit, I hope I can come many more times. 5．--But there’s some interesting evidence. There are probably aliens living here on earth. --Oh, come on. I can’t believe you said that. Ⅳ.单元语法 congratulation n. 祝贺 congratulate v. 祝贺 congratulations on sth. 祝贺某事 congratulate sb. on sth. 祝贺某人某事 【易混辨析】congratulate 和celebrate congratulate指对某人所取得的成就或喜庆之事表示“祝贺”，后接人做宾语，祝贺的原因则由介词on引出。celebrate指对某一节日、生日、胜利和成功等的“庆祝”，其宾语是物。如：He congratulated us on getting married. Christmas is celebrated on December twenty-fifth. 表示具体的祝贺时，congratulation常用复数。而celebration意为“庆祝”或“庆祝会”，是普通的可数名词。 【活学活用】 your winning the game.祝贺你们赢得了这场比赛 About ten thousand people attended the of National Day in Tian’anmen Square.大约一万人参加了天安门广场的国庆庆祝活动。 aboard prep.&adv.在（船、飞机、车）上；上船等 board v.登机，上船等；住校 n. 模板，甲板；董事会 on board = board 在船上/在飞机上/在火车上 go on aboard 登上船/飞机/火车 All aboard！ （口语）请大家都上船（飞机、火车）！ 【易错警示】 区别aboard 和abroad。 abroad为副词，意为“在国外，到国外” 【活学活用】用alive，lively，living或live填空 The passengers at 9 am.旅客们上午九点登上飞机 The students during the week and go home on weekends. 学生们平日住在学校里，周末才回家 The plane crashed killing all 200 people . 飞机失事，机上200人全部遇难 delighted adj.(very pleased and happy)愉快的，高兴地 delight n. [U]快乐；[C]令人快乐的事情 vt. 使愉快 delightful adj. 令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的 to one’s delight 让某人高兴的是 take delight in sth./doing sth. 以做某事为乐 【活学活用】 We had a evening.我们度过了一个愉快的夜晚 He proving others wrong.他以证实别人错了为一大乐事 ,the day turned out fine.使我们感到高兴的是天转晴了 你怎么能眼睁睁看着他遭人诬陷而袖手旁观 I was that you could stay.你能留下来我很高兴. part n.部分，零件，角色 v.分开，分手 partly adv. 部分地 play a part in 起作用；扮演角色 play the part of... 扮演...的角色 take part (in sth.) 参加，参与 【活学活用】 Health education will people’s life. 健康教育将在人们的生活中起着重要作用 She wanted to but she was too ill.她想参加，但是她的身体太虚弱了 His attractiveness is due to his self-confidence. 他的吸引力部分来自他的自信 Ⅴ.短语学习 take off 起飞；脱下(to suddenly start being successful)开始成功，开始走红 take a day off 休一天假 take away 拿走，带走 take over 接管，接收；接替；占上风 【活学活用】用take 相关短语的适当形式填空 The plane is due to at 7:50 from the airport. I would like to next Thursday. Her singing after her TV appearance believe in 信任，信仰，相信（...的存在），相信...的价值 believe it or not 信不信由你 It is believed that... 人们相信... 【易混辨析】believe 和believe in believe表示“相信，信以为真”，接人做宾语时表示“相信某人的话” believe in接人做宾语时则指“信任、信赖某人”。接宗教、鬼鬼魂等词时表示“相信...的存在”，另外后接其他类名词尤其动名词时常表示“相信...的价值，相信...是对的”。如： I don’t believe you, for I don’t believe in you. 我不相信你的话，因为我并不信任你 I don’t believe in aliens. 我不相信有外星人 I believe in taking exercise. 我认为锻炼身体有好处 【活学活用】 None of us Tom,for he is always telling lies. 我们没人相信汤姆，因为他总是说谎 the house was built in 1735. 人们认为这房子建于1735年 , he is not a person to be depended on 信不信由你，他不是一个可靠的人 more than 多余，超过；不仅仅；非常（+形容词） more than... can/could 语气...不如...（强调前者） no more than 仅仅，只不过 not more than 至多，不超过 what’s more 另外，而且 Ⅵ.句型学习 When Yang took off from Jiuquan in northwest China at 9 am yesterday,China became the third nation to send a man into space. 【句型公式】the first to do第一个或第一批做(某事) “the + first/seconf etc.(+名词)to do”表示“第几个做......” 【活学活用】 The British became the land. 英国人成了第一批踏上这片土地的人 She will be the last with him.她绝不会爱上他 2.Amateur astronomer David Bates was looking at the moon through his telescope last night when he got a big surprise. 【句型公式】be doing...when... 正在做某事，突然... be about to do...when... 正要做某事，突然... had just done...when... 刚刚做了某事，突然... 【温馨提示】这几个句型中的when等于and at this/that time，不可以被while代替 【活学活用】 The Browns a gang of rascals broke in. 布朗一家正在看电视，就在这时闯进来一伙流氓。 The manager had just stepped out of the lift . 经理刚走出电梯就发生了地震 课后习题 Ⅰ.单词拼写 The Sun, (创立)in 1964,is the most successful newspaper. “We are getting married.”” !“ When we arrived, they w us warmly. His latest book is well (评论)by the readers. I don’t believe that computers will (代替)human beings. Ⅱ.选词填空 in total, take a photo of, now that, come on, concentrate on Oh, !Nobody can believe what you said. These newspapers news and events about famous people. Stand still and I will you. I was with my husband for twenty years . you’re settled, why don’t you take up some serious study?. Ⅲ.单项填空 1.It took building supplies to construct these energy-saving houses.It took brains,too. A.other than B.more than C.rather than D.less than 2.The new magazine has really . A.taken up B.taken off C.taken over D.taken down 3.---Do you need any help,Lucy? ---Yes.The job is I could do myself. A.less than B.more than C. no more than D.not more than 4.---The last one pays the meal. ---Agreed! A.arrived B.arrives C.to arrive D.arriving 5. There is a force containing over 50,000 soldiers and 500 tanks. A.in total B.in other words C.as well D.as a result 6.I was thinking about what to eat for the night my husband called,suggesting that we go out for Chinese food. A.while B. before C.after D. when 7.It’s so nice to hear from her. , we last met more than 30 years ago.. A .What’s more B.That is to say C.In other words D.Believe it or not 8.He hugged me tightly to me success . wish B.hope C.expect D.express 9.---Hi,Mike,I have just got an A in the exam. --- A.Can you be ready? B.Celebrate you C.Congratulations D.Cheer. 10.As the train was to pull out, her husband came running along and climbed . A.abroad B.broad C. aboard D.board

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