英语中的复杂句.doc

复杂句带名词性分句, 状语分句和非限定分句的复杂句。主语从句 That What caused the accident is not known to us.How the building was ruined Which road I should choose/take Whether/ifWhether it will rain or not tonight does not concern me.1） 带名词性分句的复杂句名词性分句能在句中起名词词组的作用，这种分句通常由从属连词that引导，也可以由who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever等连接代词引导，还可以由when, where, how 和why等连接副词引导。在句中作主语/主语补足语/宾语 /同位语和介词补足语。例如作主语：1. It is quite clear that the crime was done deliberately.2. That Tom should have married his cousin is not at all surprising.3. What caused the fire is still a mystery.4. Who was responsible for the accident is not yet clear.5. Why he left so abruptly is not known to any of us.6. How the book will sell depends on its author.7. Whether he comes or not does not concern me.8. Wherever he once lived is well preserved.It is important that you should eat much vegetable.I suggest that you should get up early in the morning.It is high time we went.作宾语1 We have never doubted that he is honest.2 She suggested that he should do it at once.3 I cannot imagine what made him act like that.4 Can you tell me who is responsible for the fire?5 No one can tell when she will arrive.Tell apart 6 Eat whichever you like and leave the others for whoever comes in late.7 She asked me where I was off to.8 I wondered how he could make such rapid progress in his study of French.9 Do you know if/whether any decision has been arrived at.作主语补足语 1 The fact is that he did not notice the car until too late.2 The mystery is whether he ever went there at all.34 The question is why he likes the place so much.5 The problem is not who will go but who will stay.作同位语1 They had to face the fact that the nearest filling station is 30 miles away.2 Have no idea3 Have you any idea how soon they are coming?4 I have no idea how much of a scholar he is.作介词补足语1 Before I came downstairs I had prepared myself very carefully for what I must say.2 You must give it back to whoever it belongs to.3带状语分句的复杂句时间状语分句 1 Whenever I met with any difficulty, he came to my help.2 Until we know the facts, we cannot do anything about it.3 The instant she saw him, she knew he was her lost brother.A horse/the horse/horses 地点状语分句1 Where there is a will, there is a way.2 Wherever he happens to be, John can make himself at home.3 Where the ancients knew nothing, we know a little.4 Everywhere they went, the visitors were warmly received.方式状语分句 1 You must do the exercises as I show you.2 Mary was behaving as though she hadnt grown up.3 She is doing her work the way I like it to be done.4 We should see things as they truly are.5 如其所是678 I shall wear my coat how/in the way I like.原因状语分句1. As there was no answer, I wrote again.2. Since the speaker cannot come, we will have to cancel the meeting.3. Because it was wet, he did not go out for a walk that day.4. Now that the new regulations have come into force, there are far fewer accidents on the roads.结果状语分句1He had overslept, so that he was late for work.2. He was very angry, so that he left the room without saying a word.3. I was in the bath, with the result that I didnt hear the knock on the door.目的状语分句1. The teacher must speak clearly so that his students can understand well.2. They climbed to the top of the building in order that they could get a birds-eye view of the city.3. I dont let him go out in this weather in case he should catch cold.条件状语分句1 If the dam had broken in the flood last year, there would have been great loss of life and property.2 Provided that he wins the support of the minority groups, he will be able to win the election.让步状语分句1 Though he should stand alone, he will never yield.2 I should not have time to see him even if he were here.3 Rich as he is, Mr. Johnson is by no means a happy man.伴随状语分句1 He died a heroic death, saving lives from the collapsed buildings.2 Everyone came to our help, John not excepted.3 We danced under the tree, a soft wind blowing over the lake.4 He went out, gun in hand.5 She quickly handed him the overcoat, anxious to be of service.带非限定分句的复杂句1. Your task is to get across the river without being seen.2. Not wishing to continue my studies, I decided to become a dress designer.3. Having lost all my money, I went home.4. Excited about the possibility of going to China, Joe could not go to sleep last night.带无动词的复杂句a) 不带从属连词的无动词分句1. Speechless, Victor Henry nodded and sat on a folding seat.2. Anxious for a quick decision, the chairman called for a vote.3. Glad that school was finished, the students ran out of the room.4. An excellent speaker, he was never at a loss for words.b) 带从属连词的无动词分句Accord withCord/coreCore=heartAccord=to be one heartCordial=hearty 1 Whatever the reason is , his cordiality to her has won him a friend.2 When still a boy of six, Bob was sent away from home.3 You should not drink very cold water, while hot from work.4 You tend to be cheated while fresh from school.5 Although always helpful, he was not much liked by people.6 When in Rome, do as the Romans do.7 Whether by accident or by design, he arrived too late to help us.8 He spoke ungraciously, if not rudely.9 The administration seemed to depart, although slightly, from the doctrine.10独立主格复杂句不定式/-ing/-ed/和无动词独立主格1 A number of officials followed the emperor, some to hold his rope, others to adjust his girdle, and so on.2 There being nothing else to do, we left.3 His voice drowned by the noise, the speaker interrupted his lecture.4 He went off, gun in hand.5 The meal over, prayers were read by him.独立主格的语法意义1. His homework done, Jim decided to go and see the play.2. The meal over, we began to work again.3. The last bus having gone, we had to walk home