英语专四虚拟语气真题.doc

2013.54 Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 oclock.B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.C. Walk straight ahead, and dont turn till the second traffic lights.D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.2013.63 If it_ tomorrow, the match would be put off.A. was to rain B. were to rainC. was raining D. had rained2012.54 My boss ordered that the legal documents _ to him before lunch.A. be sent B. were sent C. were to be sent D. must be sent2011.61 Its getting late. Id rather you _ now.A. left B. leaveC. are leaving D. will leave答案：would rather后面的从句须用虚拟式，若指现在，用一般过去时，若指过去，用过去完成时。2010.60 It is necessary that he _ the assignment without delay.A. hand in B. hands inC. must hand in D. has to hand in2009.52 If there were no subjunctive mood, English _ much easier to learn.A. could have been B. would beC. will be D. would have been2009.53 She _ fifty or so when I first met her at a conference.A. had been B. must beC. has been D. must have been答案：情态动词must可用于很有把握的推断。对于现在事情的肯定推断，用must do.而对于过去的推断，用must have done.本句是对她过去年龄的肯定判断。2008.52 Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she _ much better results now.A. would be getting B. could have gotC. must get D. would get2007.54 If only the patient _ a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics, he might still be alive now.A. had received B. receivedC. should receive D. were receiving答案：if only 引导的虚拟语气；与过去事实相反，谓语动词用had done；与现在事实相反，谓语动词用did.本句为错综虚拟，if only部分表示的是过去发生的事，故用过去完成时。2007.56 She _ fifty or so when I first met her at the conference.Amust be B. had beenC. could be D. must have been2007.60 He would have finished his college education, but he _ to quit and find a job to support his family.A. had had B. hasC. had D. would have答案：but后的内容为真实情况，时态与前面一直。原句可理解为：If he had money, he would have finished his college education, but he had to200765 It is absolutely essential that William _ his study in spite of some learning difficulties.A. will continue B. continuedC. continue D. continues2006.52 If only I _ play the guitar as well as you!A. would B. could C. should D. might答案：if only后常用虚拟语气表示惋惜，遗憾。本句是对现在情况的虚拟，动词用过去式could.2006.54 Its high time we _ cutting down the rainforests.A. stopped B. had to stop C. shall stop D. stop答案: Its (high) time后接句子时，谓语动词用过去式。2006.59 It is imperative that the government _ more investment into the shipbuilding industry.A. attracts B. shall attract C. attract D. has to2005.51 If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he _ able to advise you much better than I can.A. would be B. will have beenC. was D. were2005.60 That was not the first time he _ us. I think its high time we _ strong actions against him.A. betrayed take B. had betrayed tookC. has betrayed took D. has betrayed take答案：It is the first time +have/has done It was the first time +had done It is high time+ 过去式/should do 2005.63 _ you _ further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice.A. If, had B. Have, hadC. Should, have D. In case, had答案：这道题看了之后，没办法按照虚拟语气去写，因为if引导的虚拟语气，主句也有相应的变化，但是这句话的主句是个祈使句。这其实是情态动词should的用法，should 在这里表示“万一”，它常用在if 从句当中，主句不用虚拟，而且可以将if 省略，将should提到主语之前2004.52 _ I will marry him all the same.A. Was he rich or poor B. Whether rich or poorC. Were he rich or poor D. Be he rich or poor答案: 让步状语从句：Whether (it)he beor 省略句：be it(he)or 倒装D项=whether he is rich or poor2004.54_if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand?A. Would you be surprisedB. Were you surprisedC. Had you been surprisedD. Would you have been surprised2004.56 It is imperative that students _their term papers on time.A. hand in B. would hand inC. have to hand in D. handed in虚拟式Be-型虚拟式 用于表示命令，决定，建议等词之后的that-从句中。(a) 动词decide, decree(发布命令), demand, insist, move(提议)，order, prefer, propose, recommend, request, require, suggest, vote.如suggest, insist不表示建议 或坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意暗示、表明、坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。The guard at gate insisted that everybody obey the rules.(b) 形容词advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting(合适的), imperative, important, impossible, necessary, obligatory(强制实施)，proper.(c) 名词decision, decree(裁定), demand, instruction, order, requirement, resolution(意志，决心), suggestion在这一用法中，be-型虚拟式能与”should+不定式”交替使用，也能与to-不定式交替使用。e.g: It is important that she be placed in an appropriate job. It is important that she should be placed in an appropriate job. It is important for her to be placed in an appropriate job.(b) be-型虚拟式用于由if, though, whatever, lest, so long as等引导的分句中表示推测，让步，防备。If he be found guilty, John shall have the right of appeal. Though everyone desert you, I will not.Whatever be his defense, we cannot tolerate this disloyalty.Quietly we sat on the river bank lest the fish swim away.So long as a volume hold together, I am not disturbed as to its outer appearance. 特殊句：So be it. (但愿如此/就这样吧)Suffice it to say that (只需说就够了)Far be it from me to (我极不愿)He will remain here if need be.Home is home, be it ever so homely.Be that as it may (即使如此/尽管这样)Were-型虚拟Were-型虚拟常用于if, if only, as if, as though, though引导的条件状语从句和让步状语分句中，表示非真实的条件或让步。If I were you, I should wait till next week.If only I were not so nervous.He spoke to me as if I were deaf.He behaves as though he were better than us.Though the whole world were against me, I would do what I consider as right. were-型虚拟常用于wish, would rather, suppose, imagine之后的that-分句中，表示一种臆想的（不可能发生的）情况。I wish it were spring all the year round.Id rather I were not at the site of the accident.Suppose the earth were flat.Just imagine everyone were to give up smoking. if I were you这一分句中，通常用were,不用was.在某些倒装结构中只能用were,不能用was. 在as it were(作so to speak时，即宛如，好比)也只用were.e.g: He is my best friend, my second self, as it were.用动词的过去式表示假设意义： It is time (that)It is about timeIt is high timedid/should do (should不可省)I would rather/ sooner (that) you/ he / they If onlyHe behaves as if/as though as if, as though在某些语境中，如果不表示假设，就不必用过去式。e.g: It looks as if it is going to rain.I wish (that)题外话：It is the first (second, third) time 现在完成时. It was the first (s