DZZ高中一年级英语上学期第2 单元教案

DZZ高中一年级英语上学期第2 单元教案 Unit2English around the world知能聚焦(Language Points)单词和短语bathroom towelcloset pronouncebroad repeatmajority nativetotal tongueequal governmentsituation internationalorganization tradetourism globalmunicate municationexchange servicesignal movementmander tidystand independentfall expressiontyphoon publishsouthern presidentEuropean howlcookbook parereplace makeoneself at home in total except for stayup e about end up withbring in a great/good many at the same timefor the first timebe tiredmunicate withhave somedifficulty indoing sthhave aknowledge ofmother tongue主要句型Thats why;if youll excuseme now;while的用法?v+疑问词+不定式;there youare;must表示推测的用法;过去分词作后置定语的用法等。 语法Directions and Indirections (2)课前热身(Warming up)1.背景知识(background)英语小知识。 英语词汇之所以庞大而居世界之首?是因为它广开门户?善于吸收各种语言的词汇为己有?其中以吸收法语、拉丁语、希腊语为主。 英语本族语是指盎格鲁撒克逊民族流传下来的词汇?它的特点是词形短、词义多、构词能力强。 例如go在新英汉词典中不及物用法有21种?及物用法有4种?名词用法有10种?形容词用法有2种。 再如man可以构成下列airman,fireman,ploughman,workman,postman,chairman,Englishman,manhood,manly,manlike,manful,manhole,man-cating,manslaughter,man power合成词、派生词等词。 英国学者C.K.Ogden和I.A.Richards于1920年曾提出Basic English,其词汇量只有850多个。 他们的目的就是想减轻外国人学英语的负担?只用一些有限的词汇来表达思想和进行交际。 今天的美国英语就是17世纪英国殖民者当时带到美洲大陆上来的。 18世纪美国独立战争后?美国人民的民族情绪在语言问题上也表现出来了?出现了Noah Webster等人?积极倡导美国语言?Americanism?。 Webster身体力行?于1828年出版了许多教科书和词典。 200多年来?美国英语产生了许多有别于英国英语的地方?其中最重要的变化当然是词汇了。 英国英语和美国英语在词汇方面的差异是?第 一、拼写不同。 Webster式美国英语拼写法要比英国拼法较为合理。 a.美式拼写更符合读音规则。 例如?英美theatre theaterlabour laborb.美式拼写省去重写的字母。 例如?英美programme programcigarette cigaretc.美式拼写省去不发音的字母。 例如?英美axe axgood-bye good-by d.美式拼写改变了一些不规则动词。 例如?英美burnt burnedsmelt smellede.其它不同形式。 例如?英美cheque checktyre tire第 二、同词异义。 例如?英美vest内衫?汗衣西服背心pants短裤裤子第 三、同义异词。 例如?英美英美铁路railway railroad卡车lorry truck行李luggage baggage公寓flat apartment电梯lift elevator糖果sweets candy电影film movie秋天autumn fall有意思地是?词汇的不同有时侯连英美人自己也搞不清楚?甚至会产生笑话。 例如?爱尔兰的剧作家St.John GreenErvine第一次世界大战后到美国?当时他还没有注意到英美英语词汇的差异。 所以?有一次当他去一个美国家庭作客时?看到主妇非常朴实?使人不受拘束。 于是?他就赞美她说?“You arevery homely.”结果?这话一出口?局面就很尴尬。 为什么?因为homely在英国表示“诚朴”?在美国表示“丑陋?不漂亮”。 他本想恭维主人?结果成了侮辱她。 2.话题(topics)Why cant hefind thebathroom?What isit thatJoe cant findin thebathroom?Why doesnt an American understandan Englishperson?.读写指导(Instructions forReading andWriting)1.Reading EnglishAround TheWorld Paragraph1.English isspoken asmother tongueand as a secondlanguage.Paragraph2.Many people learn English as a foreign language.Paragraph3.Many peoplemunicate inEnglish everyday2.Writing c.How towrite Keysentences b.Write ashort passageabout the differences betweenAmerican andBritish Englishc.conclusion.【习文练习】假定你是一名农村的学生?在城镇学习了几年。 通过对比使你觉得农村和城镇的生活各有利弊。 请按下列要点写一篇文章。 1?在城镇?样样事情都很便利?学校、商店都很近?交通比较便利。 2?同时?电影、戏剧等可供选择的范围很广。 3?在城镇?每时每刻都有令人感兴趣的事情?可供选择的活动场所很多。 4?但是?在农村?人口不多?空气新鲜?环境优美?寂静美好?农村人待人友好?乐于助人?生活费用较低?食品便宜。 注意?1.根据以上要写一篇100词左右的说明文?2.可参考的词语?quiet,beautiful,clean,friendly,helpful,cheap,wide,convenient(便利的?方便的),close,regular,easy等。 One possibleversion:Life Betweenthe Townand the Country I have livedin the town fornearly twoyears,but beforethat Ilived withmy familyin avillage abouta hundredmiles awayfrom here.Life is very differentin thetwo places,but thereare thingsthat Ilike abouteach of them.In thecountry it is quietand beautifulsince thereare notmany people.The airis clean,and thereis beautifulscenery allaround.The peoplewho livein thecountry seemfriendly andhelpful to their neighbors.The costof livingis lowthere,because foodis usuallycheap.I alsolike livingin the town.In thetown thereare interestingthings todo all the time.People have a bigchoice of activities.There is a wideselection ofmovies,and mostof thetheatres are good.Everything isconvenient here,since in thetownI canlive closeto alot ofshops andschools.At the same time,traffic is very good,so itis nothard to go fromone placeto another.I amvery happyin thecountry,but therearegoodchances forwork andstudy inthetown,therefore,I willprobably stayhere for a periodof time and work hard at all mysubjects.要点解析(Key PointsAnalysis)1.Joe isanAmericanwho hase toBritain for the first time.此句中的for the first time是介词短语,表示首次,第一次,在句中作状语;类似的短语有for thesecond time,第二次;for thelast time,最后一次。 与for the first time意思一样的短语还有the first time,但the first time为名词短语,常用来引导时间状语从句。 The firsttime I came toXianyang,it was very old.我第一次来咸阳时,它非常破旧。 When wemet each other for thefirsttime,I felt very ashamedfrom thecountryside.当我们第一次见面时,我为自己乡下而羞愧不己。 2.be tired,be tired of,be tired with/from和be tiredout Youmust bevery tired.此句中的be tired表示疲劳的,累的;与此短语结构相类似的短语还有?be tiredof对感到厌烦,厌倦;be tiredwith/from由于而感到疲劳;be tiredout累得筋疲力尽。 After studyingalltheweek.I wasvery tired.经过一周的学习?我非常累。 My brotheris tiredout after the workforthewhole day.整天的工作使得我哥哥累得筋疲力尽。 He wastiredwithriding thebicycle for a long time.我因长时间地骑自行车而疲惫不堪。 At the beginning,I wasinterested inEnglish,while nowI am tiredofit.起初?我对英语非常感兴趣?然而?现在我对它却非常厌烦。 3.now(then),now that,now and then和now andagain Now then,did you have a good flight?now then表示说话者的语气?有“说明?命令?请求?警告?安慰”的意思。 now that表示“既然?由于”。 now andthen和now andagain一样都表示“时而?不时”的意思。 Now thenlisten tome,Tom.汤姆,且听我讲。 ?表示命令?-Er,er,I哦!哦!.我.-Now thenwhat do you mean?你到底是什么意思?(表示不耐烦)Now that you eto thisschool,you shouldstudy hard.既然你来这所学校,你应当刻苦学习。 Last term,I oftenwent to the cinemanow andthen.上学期?我经常去看电影。 4.just make yourself at home.此句中的make yourselfat home表示“请随便一点?别客气?不要拘谨”?是招待客人时的客套用语。 类似的还有help yourself(to)。 -Could Iuse yourcup?我可以用一下你杯子吗?-Make yourselfat home.别客气?5.Harry,bring thesetwo pizzasto Mr.Thompson onBroad Street,number12.这里的bring和take,fetch,get,carry等一样都含有“带?拿”等意思。 bring“拿来?带来”?强调从别处带来某人某物?take“拿走?带走”?强调带着某物或某人离开说话人所在的地方?fetch表示go andget?“去取”?含有“往返”之意?get常用在口语中?carry不同于其它四个词?它表示“携带?搬运”?强调物体随身移动。 6.Dont forget to buyme someketchup onyour wayback.forgettodo sth短语,即“忘记去做某事”?forget doingsth表示“忘记已经做过某事”。 Dont forgetto bringme thebook youhave borrowedfrom metomorrow.明天别忘记带上你曾经借我的那本书。 -Why doyou goto the classroom again?你为什么还要再去教室?-Oh!I forgothaving finishedmy homework.哦!我忘了已经做完作业了。 类似的短语还有:a.remember todo something“记着要去做某事”b.remember doingsomething“记着已经做了某事”c.regret todo something“对将要做的事情感到遗憾”d.regret doingsomething“对已做过的事情感到遗憾”7.In total,for more than375million peopleEnglish otal表示“总共?合计”?in all,表示“总计?全部”。 In total,I spent1200yuan onthe costof schoolingthis term.这学期,我总共花了1200元的学费。 There are35boys in our classin all.我们总共有三十五名男生。 8.mother tongue,mother language,native language和a secondlanguage mothertongue=mother language=native language,都表示“母语?本族语”?a secondlanguage表示“第二语言”。 Chinese isour mothertongue/native language/mother language.汉语是我们的母语。 Each ofus inour classshould learn English asa secondlanguage.在我们班上?每个人都应当把英语当作第二语言来学习。 9.An equalnumber of peoplelearnEnglish asa secondlanguage.However,the number of peoplewho learnEnglishasaforeign language is morethan750million.从以上两句不难看出?a number of表示“许多”?修饰复数名词?number前可加large,great,good等词,即:a good/great/large numberof?含有a numberof的句子谓语动词用复数。 the numberof表示“的数目”?强调数字?含有the numberof的句子谓语动词用单数。 The numberof studentsin Puji Senior Middle School isnearly4000.普集高中有近四千学生。 At present,a large numberofstudents darespeak Englishin class.目前?许多学生敢在课堂上讲英语。 10.except for,except,except that,except when,except+不定式和besides InChina students learnEnglishat schoolasaforeignlanguage?except forthose inHong Kong.except for“只是,只有(在说明基本情况后,对某些细节问题加以纠正,强调不足)?except“除之外”?并不包括except之后的内容?这是该词与but意思相同。 它常与不定代词everything,everybody,nothing,everyone,all或副词everywhere,always,usually,every+noun连用?except that从句表示“除知道?其他一无所知”?except when从句表示“除了(该从句表时间)”?except+不定式表示“除了干某事?未做别的事”?此结构常与nothing连用?besides则是“除之外”?包括之后的内容?含有“除之外(还有)”之意?常与代词anyone else,the other,others,another或副词also,too连用。 This pieceof clothesis verygood exceptfor itslight color.这件衣服不错?只是颜色有点浅。 Except foryour badhandwriting,your positionisverygood.除了你的书写糟糕外?你的作文还不错。 He isgood atevery subjectexcept English.除了英语?其它各门功课他都擅长。 He isgood atother subjectsbesides English.除了英语?他还擅长其它课程。 She knowsnothing aboutme except that Iteach Englishat school.她只知道我在学校教英语?其它她一无所知。 I learnednothing exceptto knowthe topicin thisclass.这节课我除了知道标题外?其它一无所学。 I oftenstay athome exceptwhen itis fine.除了晴天?我经常呆在家中。 11.English hasdeveloped intothe languagemost widely spoken and used inthe world.widely,adv,表示“广泛地”等抽象意义?wide adj/adv?表示“宽的/地?大的/地”等具体意义。 注意wide与widely在句中与动词的位置。 I openedmy mouthwide at the sadnews insurprise.听到这悲伤的消息?我吃惊地张大嘴巴。 At present,both Englishand putershave beenwidelyspokenandused.12.e about,happen,take place和break outHow didthese differencese about?此句中的e about同happen?take place?break out一样都表示“发生”?都属于不及物动词,但它们的用法不同。 e about“发生?产生”?着重指解释或说明事情发生的理由?且经常与how连用?happen“发生”?属普通词汇?指偶然的?意外的?指自发的未能预见的事情发生?take place“发生”?指事件或事故的发生是在预料中的并非偶然发生的?break out“发生?爆发”?着重指战争?火灾?疾病的突然发生。 How doesthedifferencee aboutbetween“e about”and“happen”?“e about”和“happen”之间的差异是怎样产生的?At theend ofxx?Bird flubroke outin manycountries.xx年末?许多国家爆发了禽流感。 The May4th Movementtook placein Chinain1919.1919年中国发生了五?四运动。 What happenedto you?你发生了什么事?13.at the same time,at one time和at a time At the same time?British Englishand AmericanEnglish startedborrowing words from otherlanguages?at the same time表示“同时”?可在句首?句中和句末?at one time表示“曾经?一度”?指过去一段时间?可置于句首或句末?ata time表示“每次?一次”?常与数词one?two等连用。 Aording tothe rule,each studentcan borrowonly threebooks atatime.按规定?每个学生每次只能借三本书。 The girllaughed andcried at thesametime.这个姑娘又哭又笑。 At oime,I didnt understandour Englishteacher in class atthe beginningof thisterm.本学期初?我曾经有一段时间上课根本听不懂我们英语老师的课。 14.end upwith和begin/start withAt thesametime,British Englishand AmericanEnglish started/began borrowingwords上句划线部分endupwith=close with表示“以结尾;以结束”?其反义词组为begin/start with表示“以开始”。 He endedup thisclass with a joke.他以一个笑话结束了他的这节课。 We oftenstart/begin aclass witha song.我们常常课前唱歌。 15.bring in,bring about,bring down,bring forward,bring out和bring upbut theyalso broughtin somewordsfrom their ownlanguages.bring in表示“带进来?请进来”?还表示“赚得?生息?引进”?bring about“带来?造成”?bring down“降低?物价?温度等?”?bring forward“提出”?bring out“拿出”?bring up“培养?抚养?呕吐”。 The hostasked hisservant to bring hisguests inwhen theyarrived.当客人到达时?主人叫他的仆人把他们领进来。 Country musichas beebig business.It bringsin200and400million dollarsa year.乡村音乐以经成了一个大行业?每年可以赚得二亿到四亿美圆的收入。 It isreform thathas broughtabout greatchanges ofour country.是改革给我们祖国带来了巨大的变化。 The governmentshould takesome stepstobringdown theprice offood.政府应当采取措施降低食品的价格。 The headmasterhas alreadybrought forwarda newplan.校长已经提出了一项新计划。 The boywas broughtup byhis grandfather.这个男孩由他爷爷抚养大。 16.a great/good many和a greatdeal ofThere area great many AmericanIndian words,for example.a greatmany表示“许多”?用来修饰可数名词复数?但是?如果它修饰的名词前有指示代词?these,those?或物主代词,人称代词的宾格时,many后要加of;a good/largenumberof“许多”等短语都用来修饰可数名词;a greatdeal of“许多”用来修饰不可数名词。 manya“很多”,后接单数可数名词,谓语动词要用单数?quite afew=agoodfew“相当多?颇有几个”?。 Many aboy hasbeen tothe GreatWall.许多男孩去过长城。 Recently agreatmanythieves havebeen caughtby thepolicemen.最近,好多小偷被警察抓住。 A goodmany ofhis bookswere boughtfrom thatbookstore.他的许多书都是从那家书店里买的。 A greatmany ofus dont likespeaking Englishinclass.我们当中许多人不喜欢在课堂上讲英语。 I have already madequite afew newfriends inour school.我已经在我们学校交了许多新朋友。 17.municate with和have aknowledge ofmunicate withpeople everywherearoundtheworld throughthe Inter.With somany peoplemunicating inEnglish everyday,we cansee thatit will be more and moreimportant to haveagood knowledge of English.municate with表示“交流/交换?消息等?通信?通讯”;haveagood knowledgeof分别和“知晓?了解?有的知识”。 e.g.These dayspeople canmunicate witheachotherby mobile.如今,人们可以用手机相互通话。 A goodmany youngpeople alwaysplain ofnot beingable tomunicate withtheir parents.许多年轻人总是抱怨自己无法与父母相互沟通。 The boyover therehas agood knowledgeof history.那边的那个男孩有丰富的历史知识。 Ihavea littleknowledgeofputer.我对电子计算机知识知之不多。 如果明天天晴的话,我将出去散步。 能力升华(Developing Skills)【知能演练】从下列A,B,C,D中选出一个最佳答案:1.The footballmatch will_next week.A.eaboutB.happen C.take placeD.break out2.Do youthink hisjacket is_mine?A.thesameB.thesameas C.same D.thesamelike3.I_him atthebeginningof thisterm atPujiSeniorMiddleSchool.A.got toknow B.know of C.knew D.had known4.As timegoes on,our schoolbees_beautiful.A.more orless B.more andmore C.sooner orlater D.here andthere5.She was_praised bythe headmasterlast term.A.deeply B.nearly C.widely D.highly【拓展训练】仔细分析和观察下列各题的题干和备选项?然后从A,B,C.D中选出一个最佳答案?1.She thoughtI wastalking abouther daughter,_,in fact,I wastalking aboutmy daughter.(NMET1995)A.whom B.where C.which D.while2.Peter_e withus tonight,but heisntverysure yet.(NMET1993)A.must B.can C.may D.will3._production upby60%,the panyhas hadanother excellentyear.(NMET2000)A.As B.For C.With D.Through4.The numberofpeopleinvited_fifty,but anumberof them_absent fordifferent reasons.(NMET1996)A.were;was B.was;was C.was;were D.were;were5.Dont alltalk atonce!_,please.(NMET1994)A.Each atoime B.One byoime C.One foreach timeD.One atatime单元检测(Test forUnit2)I.单项选择:(共15小题,每题1分,计15分)1._Icametothesenior middleschool,it wasa newand bigone.A.For thefirsttimeB.The firsttimeC.AtthefirsttimeD.On thefirsttime2.Lao Wangcame in,_by agroup ofstudents.A.followed B.to followC.following D.follows3.The personwas looking_at me.A.direct B.indirect C.directly D.indirectly4.-_what doyou mean?-I thinkyou shouldchange yourway oflearning English.A.Now thatB.NowthenC.Now andthen D.Now5.I_after thelong journey.A.am tiredB.am tiredofC.am tiredwith D.amtiredout6.Do youthink she will doit_?A.at allB.after allC.above allD.in all7.-You dont needto ask,just_.-Thanks alot.A.make yourselfunderstand B.make yourselfunderstood C.make yourselfathomeD.makeyouathome8.Corn wasnot theonly foodthat was_to Europe.A.brought B.fetched C.got D.taken9.It wasnot muchbetter thana shed,and_seemed towant it.A.no oneelse B.nobody otherC.other noone D.else noone10.When shereturned totheclassroom,she remembered_her homeworkbefore.A.to finishB.tohavefinished C.finishing D.having finished11.Seeing thatshe wasvery sad,I_her that.A.regretted totell B.regretted tellingC.regretted havingtold D.regretted tohave told12._,doyouknow whereour Englishguest lives?A.By theway B.In this way C.On theway D.On myway13._studentslearnEnglish_a secondlanguage.A.The numberof;like B.The number;as C.A numberof;as D.A numberof;for14.This termwe studypolitics,Chinese,maths andso on_English.A.except B.besides C.exceptforD.exceptthat15.The personhas_good knowledgeof Shaanxi.A.a B.the C.an D./II.完形填空:(共20小题,每题1.5分,共30分)Body languageisveryimportant inmunication.Studies16that only7%of themunication indaily17is inwords.Westerners exceptpeople18at eachother19the eyeswhen theytalk.If you dont dothat whileyou20,it mayshow thatyoudonot likethe person,21thatyouare notinterested inwhat the person says.When22hands westernerswill shaketwo orthree times.Do notshake23westerners handforalongtime.When aman shakes24a woman,itis25forthewoman tohold26her handfirst.In thewest,27with onefinger ata personwhile talking28means that the person29is speakingis criticizing(批评,指责)thepersonwho30pointed at.Besides,men inEnglish-speaking countriestouch menmuch31than touchmen in China.But menand womentouch eachother publicly32than menand womentouch eachother publiclyinChina.Boy-friends andgirl-friends often33hands,embrace(拥抱)or kissin public.Good friendsoften34one anotherwithakiss35the check,if theyare womenor ofopposite sexes(性别).16.A.shows B.have C.show D.has17.A.life B.lives C.live D.living18.A.look B.looking C.looked D.to look19.A.in B.with C.by D.to20.A.see somethingB.read abook C.are talkingD.are looking21.A.or B.and C.but D.except22.A.shaken B.shaking C.shake D.being shaken23.A./B.theC.a D.its24.A.with B.to C.towards D.by25.A.important B.better C.impolite D.worse26.A.up B.on C.out D.back27.A.point B.pointing C.pointed D.points28.A.usually B.loudly C.fast D.slowly29.A.whom B.which C.who D.whose30.A.is B.are C.was D.were31.A.more B.less C.longer D.harder32.A.often B.much oftenC.too oftenD.more often33.A.hold B.touch C.wave D.show34.A.greet B.greet withC.greet toD.greets35.A.in B.to C.on D.for III.阅读理解:(共10小题,每题2分,共20分)A Someonesaid thatthe presentsociety is one ofmoney andrelationships.Someone elsesaid itwas quitefair to use the scholarship(奖学金)to makefriends happy.I dont agreewith this viewpoint.First,we collegestudents have no ine,and wehaveno right tospend ourparentsmoney onsuch meaninglessthings.On the other hand,if everyonejust thinksof whatadvantages hecan get from others,who willworkhardto makeprogress?So Ithink thatthe individualswho havemade contributions(贡献)should berewarded,and othersshould regardit asmotivation(激发,促使)to fightfor their own suess.It isonly inthiswaythat creativity(创造力)and enthusiasm(热心,渴慕)will bestimulated(激励,鼓舞).I hopethatthenext timeI get a scholarship,I willnot haveto worryabout howto dealwith thismoney.36.The passagemainly tellsus thatat present_.A.one shoulddo withthescholarshipcorrectly whenhe orshe getsit fortheir betterstudying atuniversity.B.some students have usedtheir moneyto entertainfriends C.the writerisagood studentat college.D.The writerhas a better hope37.The wordunderlined(划线)inthefirst paragraphmay mean_.A.进来B.引进C.收入D.浪费38.Which of the followingis NOTtrue?_.A.The collegestudentshavenorightto entertaintheir friendsusing theirparentsmoney B.It isunfair tospent thescholarship doingthese uselessthings C.What advantagessomeone cangetfrom others,he orshe willmake rapidprogress.D.The presentsociety isnot onlydepending onmoney andrelationship39.Aording tothe writers viewpoint,if onehas madegrea