中考英语情态动词语法解析(一).docx

昂立外语：中考英语情态动词语法解析（一）一、概述情态动词，也叫情态助动词，主要用于表示说话人对所说话语的态度和看法。初中英语中学的情态动词不多，主要有can / could, may / might, should, need等。从语法上看，情态动词具有以下特点：必须接动词原形，并与后面的动词原形一起构成谓语；没有人称和数的变化，即第三人称单数不加s；构成否定式时可以直接在其后加not。如：In future I must do better than that. 今后我一定干得比这好。You neednt do all these exercises. 你不需要做所有这些练习。She can sing this song in French. 她能用法语唱这支歌。She might be able to help us. 她有可能帮我们的忙。You may bring them back on Monday. 你可以星期一把它们送回来。You should think before doing that. 在这样做之前你要想一想。二、考点归纳考点1：考查以must开头的疑问的回答对于以must开头的一般疑问句，其肯定回答可以直接使用must，但其否定回答则不能使用mustnt，而是习惯上用neednt或dont have to。如：Must we leave so soon? 我们必须这么早走吗?Yes, we must. 必须这么早走。Must I come at four oclock? 我一定要在四点钟来吗?Oh no, you neednt come at four. 啊不，你不必在四点钟来。【考例1】Must I finish watering the flowers now?No, you _. (江苏宿迁中考题)A. must B. wont C. neednt D. cant【分析】答案选C。回答must开头的疑问句，习惯上要用neednt可dont have to，故选C。【考例2】Must he finish the work before supper?No, he _. He _ finish it after supper. (北京朝阳区中考题)A. mustnt; may B. neednt; can C. need; can D. must; may【分析】答案选B。用must开头的疑问句，其否定回答英语习惯上要用neednt；由此可排除A、C和D。考点2：考查must表示肯定推测的用法对于很有把握的肯定推测，相当于汉语的“一定”“肯定”时，英语习惯上用情态动词must；此时的must后通常接的动词通常是be，有时也可能是have, know等表示状态的动词。如：You must be careful. 你必须小心。The book must be very difficult. 这本书一定很难。The woman must be very rich. 这个女人一定很有钱。He must have a lot of friends. 他一定有很多朋友。She must know your name. 她一定知道你的名字。【考例1】Susan has bought a large house with a swimming pool.It _ be very expensive. I never even dream about it. (江西中考题)A. must B. might C. cant D. shouldnt【分析】答案选A。根据常识可知要买一个带游泳池的大房子“一定”会很贵，所以空格处应填表示肯定推测的must（一定）。【考例2】The yellow coat _ be Lindas because nobody likes yellow except her. (福建漳州中考题)A. cant B. can C. mustnt D. must【分析】答案选D。根据后文because nobody likes yellow except her（因为除了她之外没有喜欢黄颜色）可知，那件黄色上衣“肯定”(must)是她的。考点3：考查can表示否定推测的用法can表示推测时，通常只用于否定句或疑问句，不能用于肯定句。如：正：She cant be your daughter. 她不可能是你女儿。正：Can she be your daughter? 她可能是你女儿吗？误：She can be your daughter. 她可能是你女儿。正：It cant be the postman at the door. 门外不可能是邮递员。正：Can it be the postman at the door? 门外的人可能是邮递员吗？误：It can be the postman at the door? 门外的人可能是邮递员。【考例1】It must be John who is in the office.Im sure it _ be John. I saw him off at the railway station just twenty minutes ago. (江苏无锡中考题)A. wont B. mustnt C. cant D. neednt【分析】答案选C。根据后文I saw him off at the railway station just twenty minutes ago（我20分钟前在机场送走了他）可知，办公室的那个人“不可能”是John，故选cant。【考例2】Whos the man over there? Is it Mr. Black?It _ be him. Hes m