Accenture - Soa Workshop - SOA 101 Definitions_Key Concepts v2.0.ppt

serviceorientedarchitecturesoaworkshopstarterkitsoa101 definitionsandkeyconcepts lastupdated july 2006 2 copyright 2006accentureallrightsreserved soaworkshopstarterkit soa101 3 copyright 2006accentureallrightsreserved contents soakeyconceptssoadefinitionswebservicesandwebservicesstandardsenterpriseservicebus esb businessprocessmanagement bpm businessservicesdatarepresentationmessagingandroutingdataexchangeprotocolsnetwork transportprotocolssecurity 4 copyright 2006accentureallrightsreserved whatisaserviceorientedarchitecture aservice orientedarchitecture soa isanarchitecturethatcreatesreusableenterpriselevelservicesthatareaccessiblethroughpervasivevendorneutralweb basedstandards soaisnotthatdifferentinconceptthanre usableapisthathavebeenusedforyears thebiggestdifferencesare soaleveragesacceptedinternetstandardsandprotocolswhichmakesservicesmucheasiertoshareacrossdifferentplatformsservicestendtobe largegrained theyperformlargechunksoffunctionalityexample mapquestisalargegrainedwebservicethatisinvokedbymanyretailwebsitesfordirectionstotheirstores 5 copyright 2006accentureallrightsreserved serviceorientedarchitectureconcept serviceorientedarchitectureisanapproachtodistributedcomputingthatthinksofsoftwareresourcesasservicesavailableonthenetwork soaencompassesbothadesignanddevelopmenttechnologyaswellasanapproachtoaddressingbusinessproblems commonbusiness levelservicesaredeployedandreusedacrosstheenterpriseprocessorchestrationisusedtoassemblebusinessservicesintoabusinessprocess accenturedefinesaservice orientedarchitecture soa asanarchitecturethatdefineshowseparatebusinessfunctionsimplementedbyautonomoussystemsinteroperatetoexecuteabusinessprocess servicesaredevelopedonce reuseisenforced andcostly codeproliferation isreducedfutureapplications plug in toexistingservicesusingstandardtechnology integrationandconnectivityeffortsarereduced 6 copyright 2006accentureallrightsreserved whatisansoa moredetails aserviceorientedarchitectureincludesthefollowing collectionofservicesansetofcapabilities commonservices thatcanbeaccessedacrosstheenterprise andexternallyifdesired examplefunctionalservicesinclude enrollment biographicwatchlistcheck crossinghistoryrecording etc exampletechnicalservicesinclude errorhandling messagetranslation auditlogging encryption etc internetservicesmapquest google fedexpackagetracking etc standardweb basedprotocolsvendorneutralcommunicationandmessagingstandards technicalinfrastructure plumbing technicalcomponentsthatallowdisparatesystemstopublishandaccesscommonservices thehardwareandsystemssoftwarerequiredtodelivertheseservicesacrosstheenterprise anexamplerepresentationofansoatransformation 7 copyright 2006accentureallrightsreserved keycomponentsofansoa standardsdrivencommunicationwebservicesxml soap uddiallowsstandardizedpoint to pointcommunicationbetweensystemsthroughwidelyacceptedopenstandards esbenterpriseservicebusallowsanetworkofdisparatesystemstointeractasoneunifiedenterprisesystembyresolvingdifferencesinsystemhw sw networks andlocation bpobusinessprocessorchestrationallowsautomatedintegrationofseparateservicestocreateintegratedenterpriselevelbusinessprocesses bambusinessactivitymonitoringprovidesend to endprocessperformancemonitoringreal timeinsightandcontrolofbusiness 8 copyright 2006accentureallrightsreserved soabenefits keybenefitsofaserviceorientedarchitectureinclude facilitatescreationofreusable enterpriseutilities thatcaneliminateredundant andoftenconflicting capabilitiesacrosssystemsincreasesqualityandconsistencyofresultsexistingfunctionalitycanbe published asaserviceandmoreeasilyaccessedbyothersallows bestofbreed functionalitytobemoreeasilyleveragedacrossmultiplesystemsandapplicationsenablesmigrationfromdifficultandexpensivetomaintainpoint to pointinterfacesserviceshelp shield applicationsfromchangesinunderlyingsystemsanddata providesanintegratedviewofdata dataisaccessedthroughcommonservicesirrespectiveofwherephysicaldataisstored datarationalizationandconsolidationisalsomadeeasieronceansoahasbeenimplementedtheuseofvendorneutralstandardsandlocationneutralarchitectureprovidesincreasedflexibilityinhowsolutionsarearchitectedandtheabilitytoavoidvendorlock invendorproductsarebecomingincreasingsoabased adoptingsoapositionsforgreaterinteroperabilitybetweenvendorproducts andexistingsystems 9 copyright 2006accentureallrightsreserved contents soakeyconceptssoadefinitionswebservicesandwebservicesstandardsenterpriseservicebus esb businessprocessmanagement bpm businessservicesdatarepresentationmessagingandroutingdataexchangeprotocolsnetwork transportprotocolssecurity 10 copyright 2006accentureallrightsreserved keywebservicestandards 11 copyright 2006accentureallrightsreserved additionalwebservicestandards jms javamessagingservice languagespecificmessagetransportstandard widelyusedinsoaimplementations beep blockextensibleexchangeprotocol protocolusedtowrapsoapmessagestomaintainconnectionbetweentwopartiesofthetransactionandensureqosfeatures ws inspection protocolforinspectingenterpriseforavailableservices likeuddibutdataisretrievedratherthenpublished ws reliablemessaging standard approachforensuringreliableandguaranteeddeliveryofsoapmessages wrapssoapmessageinnon httptransportprotocol ws policy standardprotocolfordefiningsecuritypolicyinwebservicecalls ws security isasoapextensionthatprovidesmessageintegrity messageconfidentiality andsinglemessageauthentication thesemechanismscanbeusedtoaccommodateawidevarietyofsecuritymodelsandencryptiontechnologies ws trust isanextensiontows securitythatenablestheissuance exchangeandvalidationofsecuritytokensandtheissuanceanddisseminationofcredentialswithindifferenttrustdomains saml securityassertionmarkuplanguage xml basedsecurityassertionmechanismcanbeusedacrosstrustdomains ws coordination parentstandardtothews automatictransactionandws businessactivitystandards usedtogetherthesestandardsareusedtodescribeandprovidetransactionalunitandrollbackcapabilities ws manageability standardsforwebservicemanagement especiallyinfederatedenvironments currentlynotwidelyused 12 copyright 2006accentureallrightsreserved enterpriseservicebus esb anenterpriseservicebusisanarchitecturalapproachforimplementingalightweightintegrationbackbonewithinansoa withemphasisonwebservicessupport e g xml soap wsdl implementinganenterpriseservicebusrequiresanintegratedsetofmiddlewareservicesthatsupportthefollowingarchitecturestyles useofgranularre usableserviceswithwell defined publishedandstandards compliantinterfacesuseofamessagingparadigm whereapplicationssendmessagesthroughtheesbtoreceivingapplicationsuseofevents whereapplicationsgenerateandconsumemessagesindependentlyofoneanothertransformationofmessageformatsbetweenconsumerandproviderroutingofrequeststothecorrectserviceproviderconversionoftransportprotocolsbetweenserviceconsumersandserviceproviders keycomponentsonanesbinclude enterprise classmessaginginfrastructuremessagetransformationintelligentroutingmediation alayerthatsitsbetweenserviceconsumersandproviders 13 copyright 2006accentureallrightsreserved esbbenefits what snew esbaddressesthechallengeinassembling deploying managingdistributedsoastraditionalsystemsrelyonatightsemanticcouplingbetweenapps ifonegoesdowneverythingfollows esbdoesnotesbprovidesdistributedprocessing standardsbasedintegration enterpriseclassbackbonephysicalconnectionsareabstracted easeofredeployment destinationindependencemayincludecontent basedroutingandfiltering anesbprovidesthesamebasicfunctionalityasaneaibroker connectivity applicationadapters routingofmessagesbasedonrules anddatatransformationengine inahighlydistributedfashion davechappel esbmythbusters 10enterpriseservicebusmythsdebunked 14 copyright 2006accentureallrightsreserved additionaldetails foradditionaldetailsregardinganenterpriseservicebus refertothesoaworkshop esbpovdocumentcontainedwithinthisstarterkit 15 copyright 2006accentureallrightsreserved businessprocessmanagement bpm definition abusinessprocessisthecompleteanddynamicallycoordinatedsetofcollaborativeandtransactionalactivitiesthatdelivervaluetocustomers businessprocessmanagement bpm defines enablesandmanagestheexchangesofbusinessinformationonabasisofaprocessviewthatincorporatesemployees customers partners applicationsanddatabasesbusinessprocessmanagementisasetofservices toolsandmethodologiesthatprovidefortheexplicitanalysis design executionandmonitoringandadministrationofautomatedbusinessprocesses includingsupportforhuman andapplication levelinteraction definitionsadaptedfrom businessprocessmanagement the3rdwave byhowardsmithandpeterfingar darcyfowkes researchpracticedirector aberdeengroupgartner businessprocessmanagementpreliminarymarketsizeandforecast 16 copyright 2006accentureallrightsreserved implementaframeworktodevelop executeandmonitorendtoendbusinessprocesses shiftingthefocusofitimplementationsfromdataandpartialprocessestoendtoendbusinessprocessesbestallowstomeettheexternalchallengesandleveragetheinternalopportunities asolidgraspofbusinessprocessesenablestheagileorganization fasterimplementationofnewprocessesresultinginhigherreactivitytomarketforcespossibilitytomonitorandcontinuouslyimproveexistingbusinessprocessesresultinginsuperiorefficiencyandbenefitsoncompany smarginsretainingcontrolovertheentirevaluechain akeycompetitiveadvantagewhenoutsourcingprocesses helpingtomaintainoffer productdifferentiationquantifyandcalculatetheroiofitinvestmentsandthereforediminishcapitalintensivenessoftechnologyinvestments 17 copyright 2006accentureallrightsreserved createliberatedautomationofprocesseswithbpm bpmproductssolvetheproblemofembeddedprocesslogicbyabstractingtheintegrationandprocessautomationlogicintoanewlayerofsoftwaretools thesesoftwareproductsliberateintegrationandprocesstasksfromtheunderlyingfunctionalitapplicationssotheycanbemoreeffectivelychanged managedandoptimized 18 copyright 2006accentureallrightsreserved additionaldetails foradditionaldetailsregardingbusinessprocessmanagement refertothesoaworkshop bpmpovdocumentcontainedwithinthisstarterkit 19 copyright 2006accentureallrightsreserved businessservices businessservicesareafunctionthatiswell defined self contained anddoesnotdependonthecontextorstateofotherservices withthisdefinitionwecanstatethefollowingpropertiesofaservicewithinasoa canbereusedindifferentandunrelatedapplicationsbecauseitcanbeinvokedbydifferentclients performsexactlyonetaskandhasonedefinedsetofinputsandoutputs hasaninterface thespecificationofitsinput outputanderror handlingbehavior thatisnottiedtoitsimplementation thecodeanddatathatcarryoutthefunction hasimplementationmetadatasothattheidentityandlocationoftheservicemodulescanbedynamicallydiscoveredatruntime modulescanbemovedoranewversionoftheservicecanbeswappedinwithoutaffectinganyclient aslongastheinterfacedoesnotchange hasinterfacemetadatastoredinarepositorythatisavailabletovariousdevelopersatdevelopmenttime hasinterfacemetadatathatisalsoavailableatruntimesothatinterfaceattributescanbedynamicallydiscovered anintelligentclientprogramoranadroitendusercouldgenerateoradjustaservicerequestatruntime someinterpretation softhedefinitionrequireallofthefollowingproperties whileotherinterpretationsmakesomeofthese particularlythelastthree propertiesoptional 20 copyright 2006accentureallrightsreserved businessservices thepurposeofaserviceistoprovidesomefunctionalityonbehalfofitsownertoanotherpartywhoisrequestingit thepartywhoissupplyingthefunctionalityistheproducer theyaretheownerofthefunctionalityandthereforetheservice thepartywhoisrequestingtheserviceistheconsumer theyarerequestingandconsumingtheresponse thefollowingisaproducerandconsumerexample astockquoteandstockquotesystem ifyouwantastockquoteyougotostockquotesystemandthesystemprovidesyouwiththequoteyourequesting youcanaskforadifferentquoteandreceivethatsamestockquoteprovidingservicewithadifferentquote inthisexample thestockquotesystemistheproducerandyouaretheconsumer youconsumetheservicethatthestockquotesystemisproviding whatareserviceproducersandconsumers 21 copyright 2006accentureallrightsreserved businessservices webservicesareapopularwayofimplementingaservice theysatisfyallofthementionedpropertiesofaserviceandalmostallsoftwarepackagessupportthem themostcommonimplementationofawebservicetodayisasoapenvelopewithxmldatathattravelsoverhttp webservicesusexmltotagthedata soaptotransferthedata wsdlfordescribingtheservicesavailableanduddiforlistingwhatservicesareavailable whatarewebservices 22 copyright 2006accentureallrightsreserved businessservices webservicesstandards xml extensiblemarkuplanguageisanindustry standard system independentwayofrepresentingdata foramoredetaileddefinitionofxmlseesectiondatarepresentationsoap simpleobjectaccessprotocolisasimplexmlbasedprotocolthatdefinesauniformwayofpassingxml encodeddata foramoredetaileddefinitionofsoapseesectiondataexchangeprotocolswsdl webservicesdefinitionlanguageprovidesawayforserviceproviderstodescribethebasicformatofwebservicerequestsoverdifferentprotocolsorencodings wsdlisusedtodescribewhatawebservicecando whereitresides howtoinvokeitandwhatdatatopassit uddi universaldescription discoveryandintegrationserviceisaplatform independentframeworkfordescribingservices discoveringbusinesses andintegratingbusinessservicesbyusingtheinternet inmorerecentyears theroleofuddihasbecomelessimportantduetodesignissuesandthefactthateveryserviceneedsanassociatedbusinessentitymakeslittlesenseinaninternalenvironment http hypertexttransferprotocolisthewwwprotocol awebservicesrequestandrespondmessagesarepassedoverhttp foramoredetaileddefinitionofprotocolsseesectionmessaging routing 23 copyright 2006accentureallrightsreserved datarepresentation datarepresentationreferstothewaythedataisreferencedintheservice theformatinwhichthedataisrepresentedisimportantforeaseofintegratingserviceproducerswithitsconsumers inaperfectworldallofourapplicationswouldrepresenttheirdatathesameway unfortunatelythat snotgenerallythecaseandthisiswherecomplicatedmappingsandcastingsbecomeanissue intheservicesworldwewanttorepresentalldatainthesametechnicalformat howthedataisrepresentedinternallywithintheserviceisuptoeachindividualapplication butallserviceswillhavethesamedatarepresentationsintheirinterfaces thisdoesn tmeanthateachservicewillonlyhaveonetypeofobject let ssaycustomerorderforexample butitmeansthatallsystemswilldescribethecustomerorderintheirserviceswiththesametechnology themostwidelyusedtechnologyforrepresentingdatainserviceinterfacesisxml whatisdatarepresentation 24 copyright 2006accentureallrightsreserved datarepresentation extensiblemarkuplanguage xml isanindustry standard system independentwayofrepresentingdata justlikehtml hypertextmarkuplanguage xmlenclosesdataintags buttherearesignificantdifferencesbetweenthetwomarkuplanguages first xmltagsrelatetothemeaningoftheenclosedtextandaredescriptiveoftheirdata authortag whereashtmltagsspecifyhowtodisplaytheenclosedtext boldtag asecondmajordifferencebetweenxmlandhtmlisthatxmlisextensible withxml youcanwriteyourowntagstodescribethecontentinaparticulartypeofdocument withhtml youarelimitedtousingonlythosetagsthathavebeenpredefinedinthehtmlspecification xml 12342005 01 01new 25 copyright 2006accentureallrightsreserved messaging routing dataexchangeprotocolsandnetwork transportprotocols messaging routing dataexchangeprotocolsandnetwork tranportprotocolsareallpartoftheintegrationinfrastructure theyarethefoundationthattheservicesrunontopof 26 copyright 2006accentureallrightsreserved messaging routing themessaging routinglayerofthesoaframeworkisresponsibleforthetransactionalityandreliablityofthemessage ittakescareofmakingsurethemessage servicerequest response getstotheappropriateendpointandreturnssucessfully ifyouarepayingabillonlineyouwanttoensuretwothings thatthemoneygetstotheappropriatepartyandthatyourfinacialinstitutiongetstherightresponsebacktoremovethemoneyfromyouraccount httpr hypertexttransferprotocolreliable httpr isaprotocolforthereliabletransportofmessagesfromoneapplicationprogramtoanotherovertheinternet eveninthepresenceoffailureseitherofthenetworkortheagentsoneitherend itislayeredontopofhttp specifically httprdefineshowmetadataandapplicationmessagesareencapsulatedwithinthepayloadofhttprequestsandresponses httpralsoprovidesprotocolruleswhichmakeitpossibletoensurethateachmessageisdeliveredtoitsdestinationapplicationexactlyonceorisreliablyreportedasundelivered ws routing ws routingisastatelessprotocolforroutingsoapmessagesasynchronouslyovertransportationmeansliketcpandhttp headersthatformthevariousprotocolscanbecomposedtoformarichercontextforthemessagethatmayalsocontainattachments whatroledoesmessagingandroutingplayinsoa 27 copyright 2006accentureallrightsreserved dataexchangeprotocols thedataexchangeprotocolisthelayerinthesoamortarwherethelanguageisdefinedthatthetwopartiesinvolvedintheintergationwillspeak thislanguagedefinesthedatatoreceive thefunctiontoperformwith onthedataandtheinformationtoreturn soap simpleobjectaccessprotocol soap isaxmlbasedprotocolthatletsapplicationsexchangeinformationoveravarietyofinternetprotocols theseapplicationscanberunningondifferentoperatingsystemswithdifferenttechnologiesandprogramminglanguages soapconsistsofthreeparts thesoapenvelopeconstructdefinesanoverallframeworkforexpressingwhatisinamessage whoshoulddealwithit andwhetheritisoptionalormandatory thesoapencodingrulesdefinesaserializationmechanismthatcanbeusedtoexchangeinstancesofapplication defineddatatypes thesoaprpcrepresentationdefinesaconventionthatcanbeusedtorepresentremoteprocedurecallsandresponses whatdataexchangeprotocolsareusedinsoa xmlns soap http schemas xmlsoap org wsdl soap xmlns s http www w3 org 2001 xmlschema xmlns s0 http openloan scorews xmlns soapenc http schemas xmlsoap org soap encoding 28 copyright 2006accentureallrightsreserved dataexchangeprotocols wsif webservicesinvocationframework wsif isajavaapithatsupportsdynamicinvokingofwebservices regardlessoftheformatinwhichtheserviceisimplementedortheaccessmechanismadapters adaptersserveasaninterfacebetweentheserviceslayerandthebusinessapplications adaptersareusedforerpandothercotssystems theyinteractwithth