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新视野 大学 英语 第五 单词 注释 例句

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Unit 1 新视野大学英语第五册第一课新视野大学英语第五册第一课 A Technological Revolution in Education 课文生词讲解 new words study prevalent a fml existing commonly generally or widely in some place or at some time predominant 正式 在某地或某时 流行的 盛行的 普遍的 The habit of traveling by aircraft is becoming more prevalent each year 坐飞机旅行一年比一年普遍了 One simple injection can help to protect you right through the cold months when flu is most prevalent 只要打上一针预防针就能帮助你度过流感盛行的寒冷月份 continuity n U uninterrupted connection or union through time or space 连续性 连贯性 There is no continuity of subject in a dictionary 词典的主题没有连续性 This paper lacks continuity 这篇论文缺乏连贯性 inherent a existing as an essential constituent or characteristic intrinsic 固有的 内在的 天生的 The communication skills that belong to each species of animal including people are not inherent 包括人在内的动物所具有的交际技能并不是天生的 With his inherent love of life he started meeting people socially again although he abstained from alcohol and cigarettes 由于天生热爱生活 他又开始了社交生活 但戒绝了烟酒 inherently ad in itself or oneself by its or one s nature as such intrinsically 固有地 本质上 内在地 It is most difficult to carry out reforms in inherently conservative institutions like schools 在像学校这样本质上保守的机构中进行改革是极其困难的 decisive a 1 unquestionable 无疑的 明确的 Although the new chairman had his critics it was clear that his method of management had produced decisive changes 尽管这位新主席受到过批判 但他的管理方法显然带来了不容置疑的变 化 2 showing determination or firmness 坚决的 果断的 Top managers need to be decisive and should not push issues under the rug in the hope that they will solve themselves 最高经理层要果断 而不应该把问题掩盖起来 指望它们自行解决 3 leading to a result deciding an issue 决定性的 关键性的 Sadly the guru died before passing on any decisive conclusion 可悲的是 这位大师还没来得及传授关键性结论就离世了 permeate vt pass through or into every part of sth 渗透 渗入 充满 The fragrance of flowers permeates every room 每个房间都弥漫着花香 telecommunications n the receiving or sending of messages by telephone television telegraph or radio 电信 accessory n 1 usu pl sth which is not a necessary part of sth larger but which makes it more useful effective etc 附件 附属品 He needs to buy a few accessories for his broken bicycle 他需要为他的破自行车购买一些附件 2 C one who incites aids or abets a lawbreaker in the commission of a crime but is not present at the time of the crime 怂恿 帮助罪犯进行犯罪活动 但犯罪时不在现场的 同谋 从犯 He was accused of being the accessory of those murderers 他被指控为那些谋杀者的同谋 literally ad 1 exactly without exaggeration 确切地 真正地 There are people in the world who literally do not know how to boil water 世界上确实有不知道怎么烧水的人 2 word by word 逐字地 It is difficult to understand his work when it is literally translated into Chinese 如果将他的作品逐字翻译成汉语是很难理解的 3 according to the words and not the intention 按字面地 Don t take my remarks literally 别按字面理解我的话 4 used loosely to intensify meaning 用于加强语气 简直 He was literally blue with cold 他真是冷得全身青紫 bless vt ask God s favor or protection for 祈求上帝 祝福 赐福于 Bless this house 愿上帝保佑这个家 blessing n 1 C a gift from God or anything that brings happiness or good fortune 上帝的恩赐 幸事 Blessings cannot simply be expected to come along in disguise 不能总是指望祸事中隐藏着好事 2 U approval encouragement 批准 鼓励 This plan has my blessing 这计划由我批准 The panel has to give its blessing to the ending of the contract 专门小组不得不批准结束合约 instantaneous a happening at once instantly without delay 即刻的 瞬间发生的 The students can almost give instantaneous responses to questions raised by their teacher 学生们几乎能立即回答老师提出的问题 This photo studio applies new technology to make an instantaneous photograph possible 这家照相馆应用新技术使快照成为可能 literacy n U the ability to read and write 识字 能读能写 有文化 The king encouraged and demanded higher standards of literacy from his subjects 这位国王鼓励并且要求他的臣民们有更高的文化水平 a literacy campaign 扫盲运动 the literacy rate 文化普及率 mingle v mix with another thing or with people so as to be an undivided whole or to be indistinguishable 相混合 与另一物或人 混在一起 The president delivered a speech that contained praise mingled with blame 总统发表了一篇有赞扬也有责难的演说 The king mingled with the people in the streets 国王与街上的人混在一起了 distort vt 1 give a false account of twist the true meaning 曲解 歪曲 Comparisons are essential isolated numbers merely distort the story 对比极其重要 孤立的数字只能歪曲真相 That newspaper s accounts of international affairs are sometimes distorted 那家报纸对国际事件的报道有时是歪曲事实的 2 twist out of a natural usual original shape or condition 使变形 弄歪 Her voice distorted with tension sounded so unnatural that at first no one recognized it 她的声音由于紧张而扭曲了 听起来极不自然 刚开始大家都没有听出 是她的声音来 formidable a 1 difficult hard to defeat 困难的 难以克服的 Chinese translators face formidable problems in tackling the translation of Shakespeare s sonnets 中国翻译家们在翻译莎士比亚十四行诗的过程中面临难以解决的困难 2 causing fear doubt anxiety etc 可怕的 令人生畏的 The head of the research section was a formidable old professor 研究室主任是个令人生畏的老教授 We cannot refuse because we are in awe of the formidable woman running the PTA 我们不能拒绝 因为我们畏惧家长 教师协会的那位可怕的女主任 precedent n C U an act or instance that may be used as an example in dealing with subsequent similar instances 用来处理同类问题时行之有效的 先例 The President followed historical precedent in forming the Cabinet 总统按照历史惯例组成内阁 The trial could set an important precedent for dealing with large numbers of similar cases 那次审讯可以为处理大量类似诉讼提供先例 without precedent in history 史无前例 diploma n C an official paper showing that a person has successfully finished a course of study 毕业文凭 学位证书 a college diploma 大学文凭 The secretary had diplomas in both education and linguistics 该秘书取得了教育学和语言学两个毕业文凭 certify vt 1 give a certificate to sb declaring official professional recognition 授予合格证书 Under the Fire Precautions Act 1971 there is no requirement for fire authorities to re inspect a certified building 在 1971 年防火法案中 没有要求消防机构对审定合格的建筑重新检查 a certified teacher 持有证书的教师 2 declare that sth is correct or true 证明 证实 He had to certify that restoration was both practicable and in the public interest 他必须证实修复既可行又符合公众利益 competence n U the ability to do what is needed skill 能力 技巧 His remarkable handling of this difficult case demonstrated his competence as a lawyer 他对这件难断的案子的出色处理显示了他当律师的能力 To be a good teacher requires both competence and patience 做一个好老师既要有能力也要有耐心 simulate vt fml give the effect or appearance of imitate closely imitate the conditions of a particular situation 正式 模拟 模仿 假装 Eyewitnesses stated that they saw soldiers simulating a leg injury 目击者称他们看到士兵们假装腿部受伤 The case studies simulate a variety of international business situations in which English would be the likely language of communication 这些个案研究模拟以英语为可能交际语言的国际商务情景 a computer simulated explosion 计算机模拟的爆炸 repertoire n 1 C fig a whole set of functions talents etc 全套 全部本领 功能 He had a large repertoire of jokes 他会讲很多的笑话 2 C the collection of plays pieces of music etc that a performance or theatre group can perform 演员或剧团的 全部节目 保留节目 That song is not in my repertoire 我演出的节目中没有这首歌 vocational a relating to a particular type of job 职业上的 业务上的 The new company got valuable vocational counseling from the experienced counselors 这家新公司从经验丰富的顾问那里获得了可贵的业务建议 Big companies such as IBM spend millions of dollars annually on vocational training for their employees 像 IBM 这样的大公司每年都花费几百万美元来给雇员进行职业培训 productive a 1 that produces well or much 多产的 丰饶的 He is a very productive writer who wrote a lot of well known novels 他是一位多产作家 写了大量为人熟知的小说 The talented composer reached his most productive years of creation in his twenties 这位才华横溢的作曲家在二十几岁时达到创作高峰 2 causing or producing a result value etc 生产 的 生产性的 Employers get profits from the productive labour of their employees 雇主们从其雇员的生产性劳动中获得利润 flaw vt damage make imperfect 使有瑕疵 It s a pity that the scar flawed her skin 很遗憾 这块伤疤变成了她皮肤上的缺陷 n C damage or imperfection usu minor 缺点 瑕疵 They tolerate no flaws in their plan because some VIPs will be present in the meeting 他们不允许计划有半点纰漏 因为有几位要人要出席会议 adolescent n a young teenager of about 13 16 青少年 的 处于青春期的孩子 的 约 13 16 岁 innovation n C U the introduction of sth new 革新 创新 改革 The rise of computers has led to technical innovations in almost every aspect of human life 计算机的兴起导致人类生活方方面面的技术革新 Educational innovations are called for in order to cater for the rapidly changing world 教育需要革新以适应迅速变化的世界 genetic adj of or concerning genes or genetics 遗传的 起源的 doom vt usu pass cause to unavoidably experience or suffer sth unpleasant 使 遭厄运 注定 判决 Any attempt to destroy the friendship between our two nations is doomed to failure 任何破坏我们两国间友谊的企图都注定要失败 n C U a terrible fate unavoidable destruction or death 厄运 毁灭 死亡 Forecasting doom is a habit of Mr Prophet 预测灾难是预言家先生的习惯 go to one s doom 走向毁灭 dilemma n C a difficult choice to be made between two courses of action 困境 两难境地 进退维谷 I am in a dilemma whether to do math or English 我左右为难 不知该做数学还是读英语 Ph D students who haven t completed their dissertations by the time their fellowships expire face a difficult dilemma whether to take out loans to support themselves to try to work part time at both a job and their research or to give up on the degree entirely 奖学金到期而尚未完成论文的博士生们面临进退两难的境地 是申办贷 款维持生活 或尝试半工半读 还是彻底放弃学位 breakthrough n C a major advance or discovery often in a particular field an act of breaking through or overcoming an obstacle or problem 突破 发现 Surgeons have made a great breakthrough in kidney transplantation 外科医生在肾移植方面取得了重大突破 Recent scientific breakthroughs may change people s life in most radical ways 最新的科学成就能彻底改变人类生活 offspring n U a child or children the young of an animal 子孙 后代 幼兽 A clone refers to one or more offspring derived from a single ancestor whose genetic composition is identical to that of the ancestor 克隆是指来自同一祖先的一个或多个后代 其基因构成与其祖先完全相 同 We need to preserve the environment for the benefit of our offspring 为了我们子孙后代的利益我们需要保护环境 clone vt make multiple identical copies of 克隆 复制 imaginative a using or having imagination 富于想像的 有想像力的 He described his future wife in the most imaginative way 他以最富有想像力的方式描述了他未来的妻子 Even a most imaginative poet fails to describe the beauty of my homeland 即使最富于想像的诗人也无法描述我家乡的美丽 range from to vary within specified limits 在一定幅度或范围内 变动 变化 The temperature ranges from 10 to 20 degrees in spring 春天气温在 10 到 20 度内变化 There is a big age difference among pub goers ranging from 17 to 70 去酒吧的人年龄差异很大 从 17 岁到 70 岁不等 with the exception of except apart from 除外 除 之外 The house is almost perfect with the exception of its sewage system 除了排水系统外 这房子完美无缺 have access to have the right to approach enter exit or make use of 有接近 或使用 的机会 Citizens may have free access to the library 市民可以免费使用图书馆 The school children in the Far West have no access to the Internet 偏远西部的学生没有机会接触互联网 in large measure to a large degree mostly 在很大程度上 多半 The problem was in large measure caused by his carelessness 这个问题在很大程度上是由他的粗心造成的 tailor to one s need make alter or adapt for a particular end or purpose 使适应特定需要 The university offered a lecture that was tailored to the need of special interest groups 大学提供了一次适合特殊兴趣小组需要的讲座 hunt down seek out search for and find 找寻 搜寻 直至找到 hunt down the escaped convict 追捕逃犯 draw on extract or take from experiences for one s own use 凭借 动用 利用 Our ancestors have accumulated rich experiences for us to draw on 我们的祖先积累了丰富的经验供我们借鉴 in the absence of lacking for the want of 缺乏 没有 In the absence of children the picnic was a bore 没有孩子参加 野餐单调乏味 Sales are almost impossible in the absence of good technical support 没有良好的技术支持 销售几乎不可能有进展 with respect to in relation to in terms of concerning 关于 就 而言 在 方面 He never shows any opinions with respect to race 关于种族问题 他从未发表任何见解 The discussion is exhaustive with respect to financial terms 在金融条款方面讨论极其详尽 call for demand require 需要 This work calls for a lot of patience 这项工作需要很大的耐心 A big fund is called for if the research institution is to survive 研究所要生存就需要一大笔资金 Skip navigation Unit 1 新视野大学英语第五册第一课新视野大学英语第五册第一课 Be Your Own Tailor 课文生词讲解 new words study h garment n C an article of clothing 衣服 服装 garment factories 服装厂 This garment should be washed carefully 这件衣服应该小心洗涤 cripple vt 1 cause to lose the use of a limb or limbs 使残疾 She was crippled in the car accident 在一次车祸中她的腿残了 2 damage or weaken seriously 损坏 削弱 The ship was crippled in the storm 船在风暴中受到损坏 n C one who is partially disabled or unable to use a limb or limbs 伤残人 He that lives with cripples learns to limp 近朱者赤 近墨者黑 tug v pull hard with force or much effort 用力拉 拖 The child tugged at my hand to make me go with her 这孩子使劲拉着我的手 让我和她一起走 limp vi 1 walk with an uneven step 跛行 一瘸一拐地走 He limped off the football field 他一瘸一拐地走出足球场 She seemed to be limping very slightly something he had failed to notice when they walked to school together 她似乎稍微有些瘸 但在他们一起步行去学校时他没有注意到 2 of a ship etc move or proceed with difficulty 船只等 艰难行进 业务等 缓慢进行 The project limped along with half its previous funding 这个项目得到预定资金的一半 进展很缓慢 Four hours late the train limped into Waterloo station at midnight 火车迟到了 4 个小时 终于在午夜缓慢地开进滑铁卢车站 optimism n U the belief that whatever happens will be good and that all will be well in the end 乐观主义 The top managers are full of optimism towards the sales volume of computers next year 高级经理们对明年计算机的销量十分乐观 affirm vt 1 declare positively or firmly maintain to be true 断言 坚定地声明 证实正确 The witness affirmed the facts 证人确认那些是事实 As he affirms early on people only remember the winners 如他以前所断言的那样 人们只记住胜者 2 support or uphold the validity of 支持或维护 的正确性 The upper court affirmed a judgment of the lower court 上级法院维持下级法院的判决 sacred a holy serious solemn and important in the way religious things are 神圣的 不可侵犯的 He considered it a sacred duty to fulfill his dead father s wishes 他认为实现父亲的遗愿是他神圣的义务 nourish vt 1 provide with food or other substances necessary for life and growth feed 滋养 喂养 Milk nourishes a baby 牛奶滋养着婴儿 Lamb chops were both nourishing and cheap 小羊排既有营养又便宜 2 foster sustain or enrich emotions etc 培养 保持 怀有 nourish a hope 怀有希望 nourish feelings of hatred 怀恨在心 assimilate vt 1 understand and be able to use properly 理解 掌握 As a qualified lawyer he has to assimilate the facts not just remember them 作为一名称职的律师他应该理解这些事实 而不仅仅是记住它们 2 take food into the body and digest it of food be taken into the body and digested 吸收 消化 食物 被消化 被吸收 We assimilate some kinds of food more easily than others 有些种类的食物比别的食物更容易吸收 3 cause to become part of 使 同化 The U S A has assimilated people from many European countries 美国同化了许多来自欧洲国家的移民 innumerable a too many to be counted 无数的 数不清的 an innumerable throng of people 人山人海 Being a father of five children he seems to have innumerable duties to fulfill 作为 5 个孩子的父亲 他似乎有尽不完的义务 tempo n 1 C pace 步调 节奏 the tempo and the feeling of modern life 现代生活的节奏和情感 2 C the speed at which music is played 音乐的 节拍 a quick tempo 快拍 a slow tempo 慢拍 plead vi 1 appeal earnestly beg 恳求 祈求 plead for more time 恳求更多的时间 2 put forward a plea of a specific nature in court 答辩 在法庭上提出特定的申辩 He was mad and unfit to plead 他疯了 不适合出庭申辩 nurture vt 1 help grow or develop cultivate 培养 促进成长 nurture a student s talent 培养学生的才能 Nurture your mind 发展你的心智 2 give care or foods to 养育 培育 He is being so carefully nurtured that never yet has he suffered any frustration 他受到如此精心的养育 至今还从未遭受任何挫折 n 1 U nourishment 营养物 2 U the process of rearing or bringing up esp children 养育 培养 The nurture of the two sisters was very different 两姐妹接受过不同的培养 They feel nurture is of greater importance than nature 他们感到后天培养比天性更重要 naive a having or showing no experience 天真的 幼稚的 a naive remark 幼稚的话 a naive girl 天真的女孩 symposium n 1 C a meeting or conference at which several speakers discuss a topic 专题研讨会 annual symposium 年会 2 C a collection of articles on a given topic 专题论文集 an educational symposium 教育专题论文集 authentic a 1 known to be true or genuine 真实的 真正的 Is that an authentic painting from Picasso or a modern copy 那幅画是毕加索的真迹还是现代仿制品 2 trustworthy 可靠的 可信的 authentic news 可靠的消息 an authentic account by an eyewitness 一份目击者的可靠证词 proficiency n C U competence skill 水平 精通 Through this speech contest students demonstrated their proficiency in English 通过这次演讲比赛 学生们展示了他们良好的英语水平 He achieved little proficiency in literary accomplishments 他在文学方面成就不多 pathetic a causing a feeling of pity or sorrow 引起怜悯的 令人悲哀的 The academic standards in the school were pathetic 这个学校的学术水平低得可怜 tuck vt put into a desired or convenient position fold 塞 She tucked her scarf into her blouse 她把围巾塞进罩衫内 n C a flat fold of material sewn into a garment 衣服的 褶 make a tuck in a dress 在衣服上打一个褶 murmur vt make a soft sound esp to speak or say in a quiet voice 低声说 以柔和低沉的声音说 murmur a prayer 低声祈祷 He murmured his approval 他小声表示赞同 n C a low indistinct continuous sound an indistinct whispered or confidential complaint 低声细语 小声或偷偷的抱怨 speak in a murmur 轻轻地说 go without a murmur 毫无怨言地走了 handicap n C a disability or disadvantage 残疾 缺陷 不利条件 Poor eyesight is a handicap to a student 视力不好对学生来说是个障碍 emotional handicap 情感障碍 v give or be a disadvantage to sb 妨碍 Lack of money handicapped him in his business badly 缺少资金使他的企业受到严重影响 decree n C an official command or decision 命令 法令 判决 eccentric n C one that deviates markedly from an established norm esp a person of odd or unconventional behavior 古怪的人 Taking his umbrella even in sunny days he is considered an eccentric 他被认为是个怪人 即使晴天也带把伞 a of a person or his her behavior peculiar unusual rather strange 人及其行为 古怪的 反常的 怪异的 The old lady has some eccentric habits 这个老妇人有些古怪的习惯 indignant a expressing or feeling great anger 愤慨的 愤愤不平的 I was indignant because I felt that I had been punished unfairly 我非常愤慨 因为我觉得对我的惩罚是不公平的 The indignant passengers beat up the pickpocket 愤怒的乘客把那个扒手痛打了一顿 cooperative a 1 made done or worked on by people acting together 合作进行的 Through a cooperative effort we completed the project a month early 通过协同努力 我们提前一个月完成了这个项目 2 willing to cooperate helpful 合作的 协作的 a cooperative patient 愿意配合的病人 stagger v 1 move unsteadily on one s feet 蹒跚 摇摇晃晃地走 The wounded man staggered along 受伤的人摇摇晃晃地走去 2 overwhelm with emotion or astonishment 使吃惊 压倒 at staggering speed 以令人吃惊的速度 be staggered by the news 被这消息吓了一跳 3 arrange in alternating or overlapping time periods 错开时间 交错安排 stagger work shifts 错开工作班 superintendent n C a person in charge of some work building etc 监督人 负责人 a dorm superintendent 宿舍管理主任 dizzy a 1 having an unpleasant feeling of loss of balance 头昏目眩的 头昏眼花的 I always feel dizzy when planes take off and land 飞机起飞和降落时我总是感到头晕目眩 2 causing this feeling 令人晕眩的 The airplane climbed to a dizzy height 飞机爬到令人眩晕的高度 expend vt spend or use up esp time energy etc 花费 用光 时间 精力等 expend tax revenues on government operations 把税收用于政府运行上 scramble vi 1 struggle eagerly or in a disorderly way 争夺 夺取 In order to listen to the professor s lecture clearly students scramble for the best seats 为了听清教授的讲座 学生们争抢最好的座位 2 move or climb quickly 攀登 爬行 The children scrambled up the hill 孩子们爬上了那座小山 exile v expel a person from his or her own country banish 流放 放逐 The monarch was exiled because of the coup 因为发生政变 国王被流放 n 1 U enforced removal or self imposed absence from one s country 流放 放逐 go into exile 逃亡 2 C one who lives away from one s native country whether because of expulsion or voluntary absence 流亡国外者 The artist now lives among other exiles in France 那位艺术家现在同其他流亡的人一起住在法国 comply vi with act in accordance with a demand order rule etc 遵照 遵守 All the citizens must comply with the law 所有公民都要遵守法律 It is important to comply with the rules to achieve fair play 要使比赛公正 遵守规则十分重要 act on carry out according to 遵照 行动 奉行 act on principles 依照原则行事 be born of result or arise from 来源于 wisdom born of experience 经验所得的智慧 fill out a form complete a form by providing required information 填 表格 He carefully filled out the job application 他仔细填写工作申请表 beat down defeat or subdue 打倒 压制 平息 beat down the enemy s morale 压倒敌人的士气 Skip navigation Unit 2 新视野大学英语第五册第二课新视野大学英语第五册第二课 Do We Really Want Eternal Life 课文生词讲解 new words study eternal a 1 lasting forever forever existent 永久的 永世的 Primitive men fully believed in an eternal life after the world 原始人完全相信人死后能够永生 He is gone to an eternal rest and will never return 他去世了 再也回不来了 2 unceasing continuing without interruption 无休止的 没完没了的 We are tired of her eternal complaints about the working conditions here 她无休止地抱怨这里的工作条件 我们烦透了 He worked very hard and tried to solve those eternal problems 他很努力地工作 试图去解决那些没完没了的问题 invariably ad constantly or unchangeably always without exception 不变地 恒定地 总是 Invariably she forgets to take her keys to the car 她总是忘记带汽车钥匙 It s invariably wet when my sister comes to visit us in August 我妹妹在八月份看我时 天总是下雨 perish vi die

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