上海英语高考语法新题型(附答案)

高考英语（上海）语法新题型高考英语（上海）语法新题型2014年上海高考英语新题型 语法填空专练及解题技巧解“语法填空”题的一般步骤： 一、浏览全文把握语篇 浏览全文的目的是把握其大意，为下一步“填空”做好“语义”上的准备，因为“语义”决定着空白处应填一个什么意思的词语并采用什么样的语法形式。在通读全文的过程中，为较好地把握其大意，很有必要弄清该文的体裁、题材（语题）、中心思想、写作主线、段落大意、段落层次等。这些有利于考生真正读懂全文大意，也有利于在“填空”时进行必要的逻辑推理。 二、边读边填先易后难 在通读全文，基本了解文章大意之后，就可以动手填空了。填空的过程是一个判断空白处应填词语的“语义”（已给出词语的除外）和正确的语法“形式”的思维过程。遇到一时想不起来的空，先跳过去，等检查时再仔细对付，不要用太多的时间停留在一个单词上。 三、验证复查清除难点 有时间的话，进行复查是必要的。复查的方法是：将所有答案“填进”短文并进行通读，以最后确定答案。 另外，一题多解也是此种题型常遇到的问题之一。Part-1Directions: Read the following two passages. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct. (A)There is a photo hanging above my desk. Whenever I look at that photograph, it takes me back to those early years 25 every new experience was important for me. I can still remember the shouts of the spectators as I 26 (go) out onto the sports field with my classmates. Two days 27 (early). I had qualified for the finals of the 100 metres. Now 28 (look) around, I was determined to win. While I was walking across to the start, I began to feel more and more nervous. I looked around and saw my proud parents waving enthusiastically. My heart was beating fast when I lined up with the other eager competitors. I look some deep breaths and waited for the signal. Then the starting signal 29 (give) and I set off down the track. I ran as fast as I could, not looking at anything but the finishing line. By the time I crossed the line, I was so exhausted that I 30 hardly breathe. As soon as I heard the result 31 (announce), I realized I had won! Overjoyed, I collapsed on the soft grass with a broad smile on my face. “Well done!” said the Headmaster later, as I was presented with the winners certificate. I had never felt so happy and proud in my life. (B)One of the first questions young children ask is “Why?” It is human nature to want 32 (find) out why things are the way they are. You can find out “Why” by turning the question into a hypothesis (假设) for 33 experiment. 34 example, suppose you have been trying to grow tomato plants, but insects keep destroying 35 . Someone tells you that 36 (put) large strips of colored cloth around the plants will keep insects away. Your question might be “Do certain colours of cloth keep insects away?” Then youd begin your experiment. The first step would be to place different-colored strips of cloth around all of the plants except one. Then, as regular intervals, you would observe and record and note 37 the plant had any insect damage or not. This experiment may prove that the answer to your question is “No, it is not different-colored strips of cloth 38 keep away insects.” Or you may find that answer is “Yes, certain insects are kept away by blue cloth, but not yellow cloth.” . 39 you have found, you are well on your way to understanding how you can use scientific thinking to solve a problem in you own life. Keys: (A) 25. when 26. went 27. earlier 28. looking 29. was given 30. could 31. announced (B) 32. to find 33. an 34. For 35. them 36. putting 37. whether 38. that 39. Whatever Part-2Directions: Read the following passage. For some blanks, there is a word given in the brackets. Fill in each of these blanks with the proper form of the given word. Fill in the other blanks with words that are correct in structure and proper in meaning. (A)One day, when I was working as a psychologist in England, an adolescent boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept 25 (walk) up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher had referred him to me. “This boy has lost his family,” he wrote. “He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, 26 Im very worried about him. Can you help?”I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesnt have the answer 27 , and which no words can describe. Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympatheticallyThe first two times we met, David didnt say a word. He sat there, only 28 (look) up to look at the childrens drawings on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoonin complete silence and without looking at me. Its not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice.Usually, he arrived 29 than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my company. But why did he never look at me?“Perhaps he simply needs someone 30 (share) his pain with,” I thought. “Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.” Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly.“ 31 s your turn,” he said.After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life.Maybe I gave David something. But I also learned that onewithout any wordscan reach out to 32 person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens (B)Some years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity. I would return from school and 33 (spend) the expected half hour recording the days events, feelings, and impressions in my little blue diary. I did not really need to express my emotions by way of words, but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever 34 (record) on paper. After all, isnt accumulating memories a way of preserving the past?When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley, 35 (well-equip) with pens, a diary, and a camera. During the trip, I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across. I felt proud to be spending my time 36 (productive), dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels. On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand. The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows. I automatically took out my pen.At that point, I understood that nothing I 37 (write) could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley. All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I 38 (set) down in my diary.Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling. I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaningful. I take pictures, but not very oftenonly of objects 39 I find really beautiful. Im no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember when I grow old. I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy 40 (preserve) the present so as to live it in the future.I dont want to wake up one day and have nothing but a pile of pictures and notes. Maybe I wont have as many exact representations of people and places; maybe Ill forget certain facts, but at least the experiences will always remain inside me. I dont live to make memoriesI just live, and the memories form themselves.Key:25. walking26. and27. to28. looking29. earlier30. to share31. It32. another33. spend 34. recorded35. well-equipped36. productively37. wrote38. had set39. which / that40. preservingPart-3Directions: Read the following two passages. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct. (A) TheUS governmenthas set several rules and guidelines in place _25_(protect) us from eating potentially harmful foods. Several dishes _26_(consider) real delicacies in other parts of the world, _27_haggis in Scotland or fugu (puffer fish) inJapan, are banned from the U.S. food market because of potential health risks. But looking at the issue from a reversed angle, there are actually several common foods eaten in Americathat are banned in other parts of the world. The shocking truth is that many of our favorite foods, like boxed mac and cheese and yogurt, include ingredients_28_ other countries have established as potentially harmful for health, and therefore are banned. Clearly, mac and cheese on its own isnt poisonous in any way, but the yellow food colorings #5 and #6 have been shown to cause hypersensitivity (过敏) in children, and are therefore banned in countries including Norway, Finland, andAustralia. _29_yogurt and other milk products, it is the rBGH and rBST that some countries are concerned with - thesegrowth hormones_30_(ban) in several regions including theEuropean Union,Canada, and Japan _31_their potentially dangerous impacts on the health of both humans and cows.Key:25.To protect26.considered27.like 28.that 29.For 30.are banned 31.because of (B) How many times have you let your basic contact lens hygiene slide, not doing things like washing your hands before _32_(handle) your lenses, using tap water _33_saline solution(盐水溶液) or sleeping in your lenses? During a busy week _34_work, a woman named Erin was out of contact lens solution but didnt have time to buy any, so she used tap water _35_(store)her contact lenses. That would soon prove to be a mistake: She contracted a rare amoeba(阿米巴，变形虫) infection_36_ began to attack her cornea(眼角膜). The pain was extreme, she told Dr. Travis Stork on The Doctors. She went to the ER, where doctors thought she had a simple eye infection and prescribed her a steroid(类固醇)._37_, after the pain still did not go away, she visited an optometrist who _38_( realize)that she had an amoeba infection. The steroid was, in fact, hiding the infection, she said. It was keeping my sight but it was actually feeding the amoeba, via the steroid, making _39_stronger. Stork noted that steroids can actually be harmful in cases like this, because they make it harder for the body to fight off the infection.Key:32.handling33.instead of 34.at 35.to store 36.that 37.However 38.realized 39.itPart-4Directions: Read the following two passages. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct. (A)One day, when I was working as a psychologist in England, an adolescent boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept 25 (walk) up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher had referred him to me. “This boy has lost his family,” he wrote. “He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, 26 Im very worried about him. Can you help?”I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesnt have the answer 27 , and which no words can describe. Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympatheticallyThe first two times we met, David didnt say a word. He sat there, only 28 (look) up to look at the childrens drawings on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoonin complete silence and without looking at me. Its not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice.Usually, he arrived 29 than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my company. But why did he never look at me?“Perhaps he simply needs someone 30 (share) his pain with,” I thought. “Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.” Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly.“ 31 is your turn,” he said.After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life.Maybe I gave David something. But I also learned that onewithout any wordscan reach out to 32 person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listensKey:25. walking26. and27. to28. looking29. earlier30. to share31. It32. another(B)Some years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity. I would return from school and 33 (spend) the expected half hour recording the days events, feelings, and impressions in my little blue diary. I did not really need to express my emotions by way of words, but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever 34 (record) on paper. After all, isnt accumulating memories a way of preserving the past?When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley, 35 (well-equip) with pens, a diary, and a camera. During the trip, I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across. I felt proud to be spending my time productively, dutifully preserving for future generations a 36 (detail) description of my travels. On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand. The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows. I automatically took out my pen.At that point, I understood that nothing I 37 (write) could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley. All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I 38 (set) down in my diary.Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling. I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaningful. I take pictures, but not very oftenonly of objects 39 I find really beautiful. Im no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember when I grow old. I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy 40 (preserve) the present so as to live it in the future.I dont want to wake up one day and have nothing but a pile of pictures and notes. Maybe I wont have as many exact representations of people and places; maybe Ill forget certain facts, but at least the experiences will always remain inside me. I dont live to make memoriesI just live, and the memories form themselves.Key:33. spend 34. recorded35. well-equipped36. detailed37. wrote38. had set39. which / that40.preservingPart-5Directions: Read the following two passages. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct. (A)Low-Cost Gifts for Mothers DayGift No. IOffer to be your mothers health friend. Promise to be there for any and all doctors visits 25 a disease or a regular medical check-up. Most mothers always say “no need,” another set of eyes and ears is always a good idea at a doctors visit. The best part? This one is free.Gift No. 2Help your mother organize all of her medical records, 26 include the test results and medical information. Put them all in one place. Be sure to make a list of all of her medicines and what times she takes them. “ 27 (have) all this information in one place could end up saving your mothers life,” Dr. Marie Savard said.Gift No. 3Enough sleep is connected to general health conditions. “Buy your mother cotton sheets and comfortable pillows to encourage better sleep,” Savard said. “We know that good sleep is very 28 to our health.”Gift No. 4 Some gift companies such as Presents for Purpose allow you to pay it forward this Mothers Day by picking gifts in which 10 percent of the price you pay goes to a charity. Gift givers can choose from 29 wide variety of useful but inexpensive thingsmany of which are “green” and then 30 a meaningful charity from a list. When your mother gets the gift, she 31 (tell) that she has helped the chosen charity.Key:25. whether26. which27. Having28. important29. a30. choose31. will be told(B)In my living room, there is a plaque(匾) that advises me to “Bloom where you are planted.” It reminds me of Dorothy. I got to know Dorothy in the early 1980s, 32 I was teaching Early Childhood Development through a program with Union College in Barbourville, Kentucky. The job responsibilities required occasional visits 33 the classroom of each teacher in the program. Dorothy stands out in my memory as one who “bloomed” in her remote area.Dorothy taught in a school in Harlan County, Kentucky, Appalachian Mountain area. 34 (get) to her school from the town of Harlan, I followed a road 35 (wind) around the mountain. In the eightmile journey, I crossed the same railroad track five times, giving the possibility of getting caught by the same train five times. Rather than feeling excited by this drive through the mountains, I found it depressing. The poverty level was shocking and the small shabby houses gave me the 36 (great) feeling of hopelessness.From the moment of my arrival at the little school, all gloom(忧郁) disappeared. Upon arriving at Dorothys classroom, I 37 (