基于RFID的停车场管理系统的软硬件设计-外文翻译

0外文原文Athomeandabroadtotrackandtraceofgoodsveryseriously.EUlawsandregulationsrelatedtosalesintheEUbeefproductsandfreshfruitsandvegetablescanbetracedbacktobeafunction.U.S.FoodandDrugAdministration(FoodandDrugAdmistration.FDA)requirementsforfoodsafetytraceability.ChinainJuly2007and12months,hasissuedafoodrecallregulations,anddrugrecallmanagementapproach,andthestaterecentlyissuedaFoodSafetyLaw,requiresfoodpharmaceuticalmanufacturinganddistributioncompaniestodynamicallytrackthecurrentlocationofthesamebatchofproductandotherinformation,timelyandeasilyrecalltheproductsinquestion.IntheInternationalOrganizationforStandardizationIS04802:1949,thetraceabilityisdefinedas:methodbyrecordingtheidentityofanentitytodeterminetheorigin,purposeandlocationcapabilities.Itemtraceabilitymeansthesourceofrawmaterialsorcomponents,products,processinghistory,productdistributionandlocationofthecirculationprocesscanbetracedback.RFIDinformationforregionalpublicserviceplatform,includingmiddlewareservicemodulesandtheunderlyinghardwaremodules,theenterprisedatacentermodulesandenterpriseapplicationmodules.RFIDmiddlewareservicesthroughtheuseofmessagequeuestoeachreadertoreadtheevent-drivenprocesschain(Event-drivenProcessChina,EPC)informationsenttotheenterprisedatacenterinitiative,databaseandenterprisedatacentersbytheElectronicProductCodeInformation(ElectronicProductCodeInformationService,EPCIS)composedofEPCinformationstorageproducts,andprovidesdataexchangeandquery.DesignedalightweightRFIDtrackinginformationmodelandframework,includingtheitemnameresolutionserver,theservertracingitems,itemsofinformationandpublicserviceproxyserver.UsingthedatagridwithacombinationofRFID,trackingandtracingsystemofagriculturalbuilding,theRFIDdatatostandardizedextensiblemarkuplanguage(tensible1MarkupLanguage,XML)documentformaldescription,usingtheeventmechanism,disseminatingUnifiedtreatmentwithRFIDeventsubscriptionmechanism.GuangdongProvinceandFujianProvince,inspectionandquarantinedepartmentstoRFIDtechnologyeelproductsforexportqualitycontrolinformationinrealtimetrackingandmanagement,theShanghaiRFIDtechnologyonthequalityoflivepigsusingretrospective.Proposeddynamictrackingtaskmodelofthemanufacturingsector,strengtheningthesupplychaintraceability,andproposedaclosed-loopfieldappliesonlytoasingleRFIDtrackingsystem.RFIDsystemstypicallyreaderrattimetstheformationofthedatatagidentifyingtuple(r,s,t)sentdirectlytotheapplicationsystemtomanagetheunderlyingdataflowintotheRFIDdatastreams.Introducedasimpleeventprocessingandevent-drivenstatelabelsidentifystatetransitions,theuseofapplication-independentandapplication-relatedcomplexeventprocessingmechanism,therawRFIDdataintoinformationsystemrequirementsfortheapplication,andcancustomizeaparticularcomplexeventprocessingRules.Proposedacompositesubscriptionlanguage,designandtimingofeventsbasedonthesubscriptiongraphmatchingalgorithmstosupporttimingandnon-triggeredeventstesting.Analyzedtheflowbasedonasharedeventhandler(Stream-basedandSharedEventProcessing,SASE)thecomplexityoftheshortcomingsoftheeventalgorithm,usingHashtablesandfiniteautomata(DeterministicFiniteAutomaton,DFA)tostoreandcomplexityoftestingRFIDEvents.Insummary,thereareRFIDproducttrackingretrospectivestudyfocusedonRFIDdatacollectionanditeminformationtrackingrecords,RFIDinformationonresearchanddevelopmentofpublicserviceplatform,RFIDmiddlewareandRFIDeventhandlingmechanismofthestudiesfocusonRFIDdatawithoutredundantIacquisition,datafiltering,simpledataintoRFIDcomplexevent,RFIDcomplexeventprocessingmechanismandtheeventpublishandsubscribemechanism.Currently,RFIDApplicationofalackofbusinessapplicationsofRFIDeventsandtechnologyresearch;thelackofconcurrentRFIDeventprocessingmechanism,notrelatedtoRFIDeventsandbusinessintegrationbetweenbusinessdocuments.2ForRFIDtechnologyfortrackingandtracingofgoodsdemand,thispaperpresentsthesemanticeventsbasedonRFIDtrackingmodelandtracingofgoodsmeanstheRFIDXML-basedbusinessevents,recording,storageandtraceabilityproducts,logisticsinformation,researchRFIDeventconcurrentProcessingmechanism,designedRFID-baseditemtrackingandtracingsystemofthefunctionalarchitecture,networkarchitectureandsecuritymethodstoachieveevent-basedRFIDreal-timetrackingandtracingitemsofinformationinquiries.Inordertoestablishinformationsystemstotrackmodelandproductlogisticscorrespondingrelationshipbetweentheentities,needtoaddressthephysicalentityidentificationandmanagementsystemforencodingdatainthecorrespondingmappingproblem.Logisticsunitcanbetracedbackastheproducttrackingandtracingofobjects,whichcanbeproductrawmaterials,semi-finishedproducts,singleitems,boxes,trays,containers,etc.,canbetracedbackunit,includingthedefinitionofidentificationinformationandrecordinformationintwoparts.Identificationinformationofthemainfunctionistoensurethecontinuityoftheprocessoftrackingandtracing;recordinformationtoachievethemainfunctionistotracetheinternalandexternalcirculation.Unitcanbetracedthroughthedesignandconstruction,willbetrackingandtracingofphysicalentitiesinthesupplychainintodifferentunitsofinformationcanbetracedbackback,backtotheinformationfromthephysicalrealizationofthechangeretroactive.EPCglobalorganizationEPCISinterfacestandardsissuedHnails,EPCISprovidesamodular,scalabledataandserviceinterface,makingtheEPCrelateddatacanbesharedwithintheenterpriseandbetweenenterprises.EPCISinterfaces,includingthedefinitionofEPCevents,accessandquery.ThisfollowsandextendstheEPCISinterface,usingXMLsemanticdescriptionandstoragelogistics,RFIDbusinessevent.Basedonproductlogisticsinthesupplychainchangesstate,theRFIDbusinesseventdividedintofivetypesofcomplex:objectevents,saidtheEPCtagreadevent;polymerizationevents,eventsthatmergemultiplelabels;numberofeventsthatthenumberoftagssimilaritems;tradeevents,torepresentbusinessprocessesassociatedwiththeevent,whichcanbindtospecificbusinessorders;queryevent,torepresentthenumberofevent3queries.RFIDeventintheXMLelementusedtoidentifytheparametersofproductlogisticsrealstatetime,tag,readerlocations,units,businesstype,associatedlabels,documentsvalue.Basedonproductlogisticstrackingandtracingneeds,identifyingbusinessevents,includingrawmaterialtestingRFIDwarehousing,recipientsofrawmaterials,keycomponentassembly,offtheproductionline,single-productpacking,storagebox,boxalibrary,storageanddistribution,distributionofthelibrary,transportationtracking,retailwarehousing,commoditysplit,marketing,productinformation,productreturnandsoon.EPCISserverproducts,themainfunctionasfollows:thestatecaptureproductsbusinesses,theRFIDbusinesseventsinrealtimethroughthecollectionofXMLfilesuploadedtotheEPCISdatabasestored;throughportmapping,externalnetworktoprovideaqueryservice.RFIDdataacquisitionisresponsibleforconfigurationandmonitoringequipment,accesstoRFIDdata,RFIDdatafilteringandintegration,andinaccordancewithOperationalDirective,theRFIDdatawiththesemanticsoftheRFIDpackagefortheevent.RFIDeventdetectioncomponentresponsibleforfindingalargenumberofconcurrent,RFIDeventandtheeventtobeprocessedintothecachepool.RFIDeventschedulingcomponentquerytherulebaseintheeventprocessingrulesorconditions,allpendingeventprocessingandweightedpriorityscheduling,priorityqueuesgeneratedeventhandling.Priorityqueueaccordingtoeventhandling,RFIDcomplexeventprocessingcomponentsinordertoRFIDeventsandenterprisebusinessdocumentsautomaticallymatchedtocompletetheRFIDapplicationsforoperationalorerroralarm.AtthesametimeRFIDproductlogisticsbusinesseventswithXMLformat,throughtheHypertextTransferProtocol(HypertextTransferProtocol,HTTP)touploadandstoretheEPCISserver,thewholeprocessofsupplychaintraceabilityqueries.RFIDevents,includingreal-timeschedulingpolicyprioritiesbasedonbusinessrulesprocessing,caching,priorityprocessing,orderprocessing,time-seriesstrategy.Operatingsystemuserstogeneratebusinessdocumentswithintheenterprise,RFIDdatacollectionandgenerateRFIDevent,RFIDeventinthecomputercacheandinternalsystemsmatchbetweenbusinessdocumentsautomaticallybythesystem.RFIDcomplexeventprocessingishandled4automaticallybytheRFIDapplication,buttheneedtomanuallypre-definedreal-timecomplexeventprocessingrulesorcachepriority.RFIDeventcacheprioritytreatmentstrategy:RFIDdataandRFIDeventusingdataobjectsandstoredinthelocalcache,EPCeventprocessingprioritybythehostscachetogive,dependingonthereadersbusinessprocessimportance(artificialdefinitions)theirrespectivecachesweresethighandlowpriority,sothattheEPCbeanimportantpriority;sizeofthecachecontrolmodulecontrolsforreal-timemonitoringofeachcache,whendatainthecachereachesorexceedstheupperlimitofthecache,thismoduletothisdynamicallychangethecacheasthehighestpriorityandnotifythecachedataprocessingmoduleforprocessing;cachecachedataprocessingmoduleaccordingtothedifferentpriority,prioritytohighprioritybuffer,thesystemautomaticallysorttheRFIDbusinesseventprocessing.ItemtrackingandtracingsystemfunctionstructureincludesnotonlytraditionalRFIDmiddlewaredataaccesslayer,datalayerandtheRFIDeventmanagementservicelayer,butalsothedocumentsfortheintegrationofbusinessanalysisanddocumentconversion,dataexchange,EPCISserviceandotherfunctionalgroupspieces.HardwarelayeristheproductflowofallsectorsofthefixedorhandheldRFIDinstallationofreadersandantennas,aswellastraceelements(product/6packing/pallet/container)pastedontheRFIDtag;accesslayerconsistsofRFIDreaderadapter,RFIDdatafiltering,encryptionanddataformatconversionprocessing;datalayers,includingEPCISdatabase,productdatabaseandbusinessdocumentsdatabase;servicelayercomponents,includingRFIDeventprocessing,XMLparsingandtransformationcomponentsbusinessdocuments,EPCISeventsandqueriesgroupuploadcases,dataflowmanagement,dataexchangeservices;basedmanagement,includinguserandrightsmanagement,productdataandsupplychainmanagementandmaintenanceofenterpriseinformation.RFIDRFIDapplicationlayer,includingproductdatacollection(involvingmanufacturers,distributors,distributioncenters,retailers),theproductmanufacturingprocesstrackingmanagement,circulationtrackingmanagement,producttraceabilityquery,RFIDapplicationsandenterprisebusinesssystemdataexchange.5Corporategoodsmajorstepsinthelogisticsoperation,theitemsneedtotrackandshareRFIDinformation.SupplychainintheLANthroughtheUSB/Serial/IPportnumberconnectedRFIDreaders,RFIDtrackinginformationcollecteditemswillbeRFIDeventforbusinessandenterprisedataintegrationapplications,throughInternetwillchangetheRFIDeventCondition(XMLfile)inrealtimeuploading(webservicemethod)tothedatacenteroftheRFIDeventdatabase.ItemsfromthedatabaseandEPCISdatacentercomponents,storageproductsandtoprovidedataexchangeEPCinformation,includingitemtrackingserver,goodsbackEPCISservers,publickey/privatekeysecureserver.Enterpriseapplicationsystems(suchasenterpriseresourceplanning(EnterpriseResourcePlanning,ERP),PointofSale(PointofSale,POS),warehousemanagementsystem(WarehouseManagementSystem,WMS)throughtheXMLfiledocumentsthebusinesspassedtotheRFIDtrackandtracesystem,ThesystemautomaticallydocumentsthebusinessmatchingeventswiththeRFIDbusinessofcomparison,checkandmaintainproductconsistencyoflogisticsandinformationflowtogeneratecomplexEPCevents,uploadedtotheEPCISserver,andproducttraceabilityandqueries.Tosellthelibrarybusiness,forexample,ERPsystems,includingsalesmaterialscode,materialname,modelspecifications,shouldbemadethenumberofunitsofmeasurement,ticketnumber,shippingwarehouse,shippingunits,thereceivingunitandotherinformation.theXMLdocumentwillgeneratesalesdocumentobjectmodel(DocumentObjectModel,DOM)documentobjects,XMLnodesinthedataassignedtoobjectattributes,documentobjectOr-dertocompletethedataconversion,therebyshieldingthedocumentsofdifferentheterogeneousapplications.givenbelow,accordingtoRFIDeventsandbusinessmatchingbetweenobjectsthatthepseudo-code.Accordingtotheproducttracingsystemandtheproductbythemanufacturertomaintainadatabaseofinformationtoprovideproductsandproductpropertiesofrawmaterials,EPCISeventsdatabaseprovidesmanufacturinganddistributionprocessofthelogisticsinformation,andproductinquiries,processrecordingofasingleproduct/packageoflogisticsinformationMorelatitudestatisticalanalysis.RFIDtagsystemcanprovidereal-6timeproducts,waystosearchforandpublish/subscriptioninformation,theusercanbefixedRFIDdevices,websites,withRFIDreadcapabilitiesofNearFieldCommunication(NearFieldCommunication,NFC)mobilephonetoreadtheRFIDgoodsLabel,bySMSWebServicetoaccessservicesandsearchplatformproductback,getbackinformationonthelogisticsofproducts.InformationservicesusingtheWebServicemethod,thequeryserviceallpackagedinaquery,theuserwithaNFCmobilephoneorfixedRFIDreaderscangetacheckofallinformation.Ascomputernetworksopen,sharing,andahigherlevelofInternet,Internet-basedsupplychainitemtrackingandtracingsystem,moreandmoreimportantinformationsecurity,RFIDtrackandtracesystem,reliablesecuritymeasurestobetakentoensurethatRFIDdataisnottamperedwithandOnlinedatatransmissionsecurity.Therefore,RFIDtrackandtracesystemsafetydesignhasthefollowingmethods:(1)RFIDtagdataencryptiontoachievesecurityvaluablesRFIDtagscanbeencodedEPCwrittenbyAESalgorithmtoencryptandthenlabelwiththeprivatekeyofthetagreaderreadstheciphertext,andthendecryptthereceivedencodedEPCcodes.(2)Userauthentication,andRFIDreaderstrackandtracesystemneedstoverifytheoperationoftheusersRFIDidentitycards,onlywiththeprivatekeyofthereadertoreadRFIDtaginformationtobeabletorealizetheaccesscontrolsystemtoensuretheoperationalinformationcannotbetamperedwith.(3)UsingdigitalsignaturetechnologyforthesecurityofRFIDdatatodigitalsignaturetechnologytoRFIDtrackingclientanddatacenterserversatwo-wayauthentication,two-wayauthenticationisusedininternationalhigh-strength128-bitgeneral-purposeRSAasymmetricalgorithms.RFIDtransmissionofconfidentialdatabyaddingmessageauthenticationcode(MessageAuthenticationCode,MAC)approachtoachievemessageencryptionanddataintegritycheck.7RFIDapplicationsystembasedonsecurityrequirements,canbeindependentorcombinedapplicationoftheabovethreesecurityencryptionmethods.Afterthecostofinvestmentandsecurityonthestrengthofthetrade-off,securitysystemandencryptionkeystorageoperationsentirelybysoftware,hardwareencryptioncanalsobechanged,andhardwarekeystorage.Trackingmodelbasedontheaboveitemsandsystemfunctionalarchitecture,designanddevelopmentofRFID-basedlogisticstrackingandtracingsystem.SystemselectionofMicrosoftVisualStudiodevelopmentplatform,Cprogramminglanguage,database.Client/Serviceandbrowser/serverstructureofhybridtechnology,inwhichdatacollection,RFIDeventprocessing,ERPintegrationbusinessdocumentsusingC/SarchitecturethatRFIDapplicationsandUFERP.U871documentsmatchingsoftwarebusinessintegrationanddataexchange;RFIDcomplexeventsoftrackandtracegoodsusedtouploadandB/Sstructure.Java2Platform,EnterpriseEditionusingthelightweightSpringframeworktomanagetheentireuploadEPCISeventsandproductinformationservices,theusetopersistthedatabasetomanagetheeventtimingQuartzintegrationuploads.BetweenphoneandservertocommunicatethroughtheWebServiceandexchangeoflogisticsinformation.SMSserver-sideuseofindustrialGSMMDEM(commonlyknownasSMScat)andtheSPMobileSMSservermode.ThisitemtrackingandtracingmethodhasbeenappliedtomodelliquorShuanggouRFIDintegratedmanagementsystemforthetreasureboxSquareseriesofliquorandapplicationofRFIDtags,securitymanagement,dealermanagementandanti-Cuanhuoinventorymanagement,applicationscenarios,includingalcoholismPlantasingleproductlabelandpackagewriteRFIDwarehousemanagementapplications,marketingalibrarysRFIDantiFALSIFYINGdistribution,RFIDmobilesecurityantiCuanhuoquery.RFIDintegratedmanagementsystemcantrackandmanagewelltheauthenticityofeachbottleofwineandmanufactureofflowofinformationtrackingandtracing.Figure6showstheintegratedmanagementsystemforRFIDShuanggouliquorproductsinthedatabase8applicationinterface;Figure7showstheinstallationofmobileRFIDreaderreadstheRFIDencodedproducts,checkproductthroughthewebServicelogisticsinformation.Currently,mostindustrialproductsandthelackoffastmovingconsumergoodssupplychaintrackandtracethewholeprocessmanagement,productlogisticsinformationwithenterprisebusinesssystemslackreal-timeinformationcollectionanddatasynchronization.ThispaperpresentsRFIDproductsbasedondynamictrackingoflogisticsmodelsandretrospectivemethods,inaccordancewiththeapplicationofbusinesstypesontheclassificationofRFIDevent,RFIDeventXMLelementusedtodescribeandlogisticsinformationstorageproducts,throughthecachepriorityqueuingrulesdealingwithconcurrenteventsRFID,theRFIDeventsandbusinessdocumentsforabusinessintegration.Trackingandtracingsystemdesignedfunctionalmodules,networkinfrastructureandsecuritysystem,usetheWebServiceandmobilephonetextmessagesbackinformationtoachievetheuserquery,thesystemforlargewineriesRFIDintegratedmanagementsystem.9中文翻译目前国内外对物品的跟踪和追溯十分重视。欧盟相关法律法规要求在欧盟国家销售的牛肉制品和生鲜水果、蔬菜都要具有可追溯功能。美国食品与药品管理局(FDA)要求对食品安全进行跟踪与追溯。中国于2007年7月和12月，相继出台的食品召回管理规定和药品召回管理办法，以及国家最新颁布的食品安全法，都要求食品药品制造和流通企业能够动态地跟踪同批次产品的当前位置等信息，以便及时、方便地召回有问题产品。在国际标准化组织IS04802：1949中，“可跟踪性”定义为：通过记录标识的方法确定某个实体来历、用途和位置的能力。物品“可追溯性”指原料或部件的来源、产品的加工历史、产品配送过程中的流通和位置可追溯。射频识别(RFID)具有无线、非接触、高速自动目标识别等特点，已逐步应用于铁路运输监控与管理、高速公路收费、危险品管理、农产品食品药品跟踪管理、动物识别管理、集装箱管理、高档商品防伪识别等领域。文献提出的区域RFID信息公共服务平台包括中间件服务模块和底层硬件模块、企业数据中心模块和企业应用模块。通过RFID中间件服务，使用消息队列将各读写器读到的事件驱动过程链(EPC)信息主动发给企业数据中心，企业数据中心由数据库和产品电子代码信息(EPCIS)组成，存储产品EPC信息，并提供数据交换和查询。文献设计了轻量级的RFID信息追踪模型和架构，包括物品命名解析服务器、物品溯源服务器、物品信息服务器和公共服务代理器。文献采用数据网格与RFID相结合的方式，构建农产品跟踪与追溯系统，将RFID数据以规格化的可扩展标记语言(XML)文档形式描述，采用事件机制、消息发布与订阅机制统一处理RFID事件。广东省和福建省检验检疫部门应用RFID技术对出口鳗鱼产品质量控制信息进行实时追踪和管理，上海对生猪采用RFID技术进行质量追溯。提出制造业动态追踪任务模型，加强了供应链的追溯功能，文献提出了仅应用于单一闭环领域的RFID跟踪系统。RFID系统通常将读写器r在t时刻识别的标签s形成数据元组(r，s，t)直接发送给应用系统，将底层数据流变换成可管理的RFID数据流。文献在简单事件处理中引入标签识别状态和事件驱动状态转换，使用应用无关和应用相关的复合事件处理机制，将RFID原始数据转换为应用系统需求信息，并可定制特定的复合事件处理规则。文献提出了复合订阅语言，设计了基于图和时间事件的订阅匹配算法，以支持时序和非触发式事件的检测。文献分析了基于流的共享事件处理(Stream-basedandSharedEventProcessing，SASE)的复杂事件算法存在的不足，采用Hash表和有限自动机(DFA)来存储和检测RFID复杂事件。综上所述，已有RFID产品跟踪追溯的研究集中在RFID数据采集和物品RFID信息跟踪记录、RFID信息公共服务平台的研究开发，RFID中间件和RFID事件处理机制的研究集中在RFID数据无冗余采集、数据过滤、简单数据转化成RFID复杂事件、RFID复杂事件的处理机制和事件发布与订阅机制。目前，RFID的应用研究缺乏RFID事件的业务应用分析和技术实现研究；缺乏对并发RFID事件的处理机制研究，未涉及RFID事10件与企业业务单据之间的集成。针对RFID技术用于物品跟踪和追溯的需求，本文提出了基于RFID语义事件的物品跟踪模型和追溯方法，使用基于XML的RFID业务事件，记录、存储和追溯产品的物流信息，研究了并发RFID事件的处理机制，设计了基于RFID的物品跟踪与追溯系统的功能架构、网络结构和安