ISSUE题库新老对比-写作提纲!.xls

类老老题中文老题英文新 教育 5 一个国家应该要求所有的学 生在上大学前都学习相同的 国内课程 而不是允许不同 地区的学校决定自己的教学 课程 A nation should require all its students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college rather than allow schools in different parts of the nation to determine which academic courses to offer 6 14 96 116 教育 5 63 一个国家应该要求所有的学 生在上大学前都学习相同的 国内课程 而不是允许不同 地区的学校决定自己的教学 课程 为了真正地了解你自己的文 化 不管你怎样定义它 你 需要了解至少一种其他的文 化 并且这种文化和你的文 化完全不同 关关联联不不强强 A nation should require all its students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college rather than allow schools in different parts of the nation to determine which academic courses to offer To truly understand your own culture no matter how you define it requires personal knowledge of at least one other culture one that is distinctly different from your own 82 97 100 124 教育 154 家长和社会都应该参与到当 地的学校中来 教育太重要 了 不能只靠专业教育者 Both parents and communities must be involved in the local schools Education is too important to leave solely to a group of professional educators 81 95 教育 230 大学生 还有普通人 都更 喜欢跟从指导 而不是做出 自己的决定 因此 大学应 该尽可能让学生少做选择 给学生提供明确的方向 College students and people in general prefer to follow directions rather than make their own decisions Therefore colleges should eliminate as many choices as possible in order to offer students clear direction 142 教育 90 应该鼓励大学学生学习他们 感兴趣的课程 而不是学习 好找工作的课程 新题是 旧题取反 College students should be encouraged to pursue subjects that interest them rather than seek programs that promise entry into the job market 32 129 39 98 136 15 135 20 140 教育 94 4 大学应该要求学生学习本专 业以外的课程 因为让学生 们了解不同学科的知识才是 教育的最佳方式 任何领域要取得重大进展 都需要外领域者的知识和经 验 仅参考 Universities should require every student to take a variety of courses outside the student s field of study because acquiring knowledge of various academic disciplines is the best way to become truly educated No field of study can advance significantly unless outsiders bring their knowledge and experience to that field of study 70 112 13 46 102 教育 50 为了提高大学的教学质量 所有的教职员工应该去校外 参加一些和他们教的课程相 关的工作 In order to improve the quality of instruction at the college and university level all faculty should be required to spend time working outside the academic world in professions relevant to the courses they teach 73 教育 55 人们为了分数而竞争 严重 限制了人们各个阶段的学习 质量 Competition for high grades seriously limits the quality of learning at all levels of education 45 教育 90 应该鼓励大学学生学习他们 感兴趣的课程 而不是学习 好找工作的课程 新题是 旧题取反 College students should be encouraged to pursue subjects that interest them rather than seek programs that promise entry into the job market 138 教育 67 80 90 94 106 191 158 没有直接对应的 但相关的不少 除158为艺术类其他都是 教育类 注意看本格的注释 3 137 35 教育 51 只有针对每个学生的需要和 兴趣 教育才真正的有意义 不不是是完完全全等等同同 改改写写之之后后的的新新题题侧侧重重点点更更为为 具具体体 靶靶子子更更清清楚楚 Education will be truly effective only when it is specifically designed to meet the individual needs and interests of each student 40 47 90 教育 128 人们经常说教育的目的是释 放人们的心灵 但实际上 正规的教育却倾向于束缚而 非释放了人们的心灵 It is often asserted that the purpose of education is to free the mind and the spirit In reality however formal education tends to restrain our minds and spirits rather than set them free 17 68 教育 53 大学教育应该对所有学生免 费 全部由政府来承担 College and university education should be free for all students fully financed by the government 12 25 教育 223 教育主要是个人的事情 与 学校或者大学基本没有关系 Education is primarily a personal matter it has little to do with school or college 58 教育 214 社会应该找出那些具有特殊 天才和能力的孩子 并在小 时候就训练他们 这样他们 最终能在此领域表现出众 否则这些潜能可能得不到发 展 Society should identify those children who have special talents and abilities and begin training them at an early age so that they can eventually excel in their areas of ability Otherwise these talents are likely to remain undeveloped 37 教育 153 学生们应该带着一定的怀疑 态度对待所学的任何东西 他们应该质疑老师教给他们 的东西 而不是被动地接受 Students should bring a certain skepticism to whatever they study They should question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively 42 教育 55 人们为了分数而竞争 严重 限制了人们各个阶段的学习 质量 Competition for high grades seriously limits the quality of learning at all levels of education 教育 228 最佳教育方式 不管是作为 一个教育工作者 雇主还是 父母 都是表扬积极的行为 忽略负面的行为 The best way to teach whether as an educator employer or parent is to praise positive actions and ignore negative ones 24 52 29 学习 183 随着我们获取的知识越来越 多 事情不是变得更好理解 而是变得更复杂更神秘 As we acquire more knowledge things do not become more comprehensible but more complex and more mysterious 33 学习 164 想象力有时比经验更有价值 缺乏实际经验的人对可能 性有更自由的想象空间 所 以能够不受固有的习惯和思 维的限制来完成任务 第第1 1题题一一样样 2 32 3题题参参考考 Sometimes imagination is a more valuable asset than experience People who lack experience are free to imagine what is possible and thus can approach a task without constraints of established habits and attitudes 105 106 126 学习 1 我们通常从与我们意见一致 的人那里学到的东西比从与 我们意见相悖的人那里学到 的东西多 意见分歧产生压 力并阻碍了学习 We can usually learn much more from people whose views we share than from people whose views contradict our own disagreement can cause stress and inhibit learning 49 118 76 学习 179 人类真正希望获取的不是知 识 而是确定性 获取真正 的知识需要冒险 并且要有 开放的心灵 但是大多数人 更喜欢确定感 而不是去了 解事物复杂的 甚至是使人 不安的真相 What most human beings really want to attain is not knowledge but certainty Gaining real knowledge requires taking risks and keeping the mind open but most people prefer to be reassured rather than to learn the complex and often unsettling truth about anything 131 学习 28 学生们只有在学习了有助于 理解事实的思想 趋势和概 念后才可能记住这些事实 孤立学习事实是学不到东西 的 Students should memorize facts only after they have studied the ideas trends and concepts that help explain those facts Students who have learned only facts have learned very little 92 48 学习 14 每个人都有必要去阅读诗 小说 神话和其他有想象力 的文学作品 It is necessary for everyone to read poetry novels mythology and other types of imaginative literature 54 学习 4 任何领域要取得重大进展 都需要外领域者的知识和经 验 No field of study can advance significantly unless outsiders bring their knowledge and experience to that field of study 143 学习 226 183 人们错误地认为他们碰到的 问题要比他们前辈碰到的问 题更复杂 更具挑战性 这 个错觉最终会随着知识和经 验的积累消除 226 行为 随着我们获取的知识越来越 多 事情不是变得更好理解 而是变得更复杂更神秘 183 学习 People are mistaken when they assume that the problems they confront are more complex and challenging than the problems faced by their predecessors This illusion is eventually dispelled with increased knowledge and experience As we acquire more knowledge things do not become more comprehensible but more complex and more mysterious 109 科技 233 尽管技术创新 如录像机 计算机以及因特网看似改善 了学校的教学方式 但这些 技术时常分散真实的学习 Although innovations such as video computers and the Internet seem to offer schools improved methods for instructing students these technologies all too often distract from real learning 101 科技 66 人们越来越依赖于技术去解 决问题 而人类自身思考的 能力却被消弱 As people rely more and more on technology to solve problems the ability of humans to think for themselves will surely deteriorate 1 科技 129 196 114 科技对现代生活是必须的 但并非任何时候都能起到积 极的作用 科技产生的问题多于所解决 的 可能威胁或降低人们的 生活质量 人道主义在上个世纪并没有 真正的发展 科技发展 但 是人道主义的整体面貌并没 有得到改善 战争 暴力 贫穷一直困扰着我们 科技 不能改变人道主义状况 Technology is a necessary but not always a positive force in modern life Technology creates more problems than it solves and may threaten or damage the quality of life Humanity has made little real progress over the past century or so Technological innovations have taken place but the overall condition of humanity is no better War violence and poverty are still with us Technology cannot change the condition of humanity 132 科技 159 人类的智慧将总是高于机器 因为机器只是人类智慧的 工具 The human mind will always be superior to machines because machines are only tools of human minds 64 学习 28 学生们只有在学习了有助于 理解事实的思想 趋势和概 念后才可能记住这些事实 孤立学习事实是学不到东西 的 Students should memorize facts only after they have studied the ideas trends and concepts that help explain those facts Students who have learned only facts have learned very little 科技 30 124 技术进步的主要目标是提高 人们的效率 使得每个人都 有更多的闲暇时间 快餐 实时通讯 高速运输 所有这些最新发展都是为 了节省人们的时间 但具有 讽刺意味的是 这些进步非 但没有给人们带来更多的闲 暇时间 反而让人们的生活 节奏越来越忙乱 The primary goal of technological advancement should be to increase people s efficiency so that everyone has more leisure time Instant foods instant communication faster transportation all of these recent developments are designed to save time Ironically though instead of making more leisure time available these developments have contributed to a pace of human affairs that is more rushed and more frantic than ever before 91 行为 239 许多人们认为 真实 的信 息结果是不准确的 因此 对任何被称为 事实 的信 息都应该此怀疑态度 因为 很有可能它将来被证实是虚 假的 Much of the information that people assume is factual actually turns out to be inaccurate Thus any piece of information referred to as a fact should be mistrusted since it may well be proven false in the future 87 行为 18 只有通过质疑某个观点 并 将其与其他观点做对比 人 们才能真正理解那个观点的 价值 Only by being forced to defend an idea against the doubts and contrasting views of others does one really discover the value of that idea 79 34 行为 31 实际上跟 花在研究上的资金基本上都 是不错的投资 即使研究的 结果是有争议的 还是有些关联的 Money spent on research is almost always a good investment even when the results of that research are controversial 36 72 行为 212 如果一个目标是值得的 那 么追求目标的任何手段都是 正当的 If a goal is worthy then any means taken to attain it is justifiable 53 行为 68 人们总是错误地对待专家 怀疑 不信任他们 不管专 家们的贡献有多大 关关联联度度不不大大 People make the mistake of treating experts with suspicion and mistrust no matter how valuable their contributions might be 27 行为 206 人们行动太快了 他们应该 停下来想一想行动的可能后 果 稍稍有有关关联联 People are too quick to take action instead they should stop to think of the possible consequences of what they might do 61 行为 35 不管在什么样的情况下 坚 持自己的信仰都要比放弃信 仰好 No matter what the situation it is more harmful to compromise one s beliefs than to adhere to them 141 行为 146 对某思想或策略最执着的人 往往对其最挑剔 People who are the most deeply committed to an idea or policy are the most critical of it 66 行为 12 人们的态度更多情况下取决 于当时的处境和环境 而非 人们的任何内在性格 稍稍有有不不同同 People s attitudes are determined more by their immediate situation or surroundings than by any internal characteristic 78 行为 121 242 在过去不同的地质时期 很 多物种的灭绝都是自然因素 造成 而并非人类行为 所 以 社会没有理由花费很大 的人力物力去拯救濒临灭绝 的物种 121 行为 社会应尽力挽救每一动植物 物种 不管花费多少人力 时间和财力 242 社会 At various times in the geological past many species have become extinct as a result of natural rather than human processes Thus there is no justification for society to make extraordinary efforts especially at a great cost in money and jobs to save endangered species Societies should try to save every plant and animal species regardless of the expense to humans in effort time and financial well being 31 67 63 行为 215 74 当今社会视觉影像的爆炸使 得人们不能长时间明确且全 面地关注某一问题 215 传媒 和一大群人交流想法或者价 值观的最有效方式是图像而 非语言 74 行为 The bombardment of visual images in contemporary society has the effect of making people less able to focus clearly and extensively on a single issue over a long period of time The most effective way to communicate an idea or value to large groups of people is through the use of images not language 93 社会 170 伟大国家最可靠的标志不是 其统治者 艺术家或者科学 家的成就 而是全体人民的 福利 注注意意 第第三三个个题题稍稍有有不不同同 The surest indicator of a great nation is not the achievements of its rulers artists or scientists but the general welfare of all its people 113 120 85 121 145 28 94 147 127 社会 160 任何领导者 如果他很容易 受到流行观点的影响 那他 就一事无成 The most essential quality of an effective leader is the ability to remain consistently committed to particular principles and objectives Any leader who is quickly and easily influenced by shifts in popular opinion will accomplish little 114 社会 180 现代社会的许多问题是法律 和司法系统不能解决的 因 为道德行为无法立法 Many problems of modern society cannot be solved by laws and the legal system because moral behavior cannot be legislated 89 社会 17 有两种法律 公平的和不公 平的 社会中的每个人都应 该遵守公平的法律 更重要 的是 不遵守或者违抗不公 平的法律 There are two types of laws just and unjust Every individual in a society has a responsibility to obey just laws and even more importantly to disobey and resist unjust laws 65 社会 3 我们应该把更多的钱用在目 前现存的社会问题上 而不 是用在可能有助于后代的长 期研究项目上 It is more important to allocate money for immediate existing social problems than to spend it on long term research that might help future generations 19 社会 70 在任何领域 商业 政治 教育 政府 掌权者都应该 在5年任期后下台 对任何 事业而言 取得成功最保险 的途径就是聘用新生力量担 当领导 In any profession business politics education government those in power should step down after five years The surest path to success for any enterprise is revitalization through new leadership 149 111 社会8 社会 113 定位自己 主要是通过定位 自己所处的社会团体 It is primarily through our identification with social groups that we define ourselves 38 社会 174 法律不应该太僵化 太固定 他们应该是灵活的 考虑 到各种实际情况 时间和地 点 Laws should not be rigid or fixed Instead they should be flexible enough to take account of various circumstances times and places 21 社会 89使命造就领导者 Leaders are created primarily by the demands that are placed upon them 62 社会 93 个人职责 的概念是必要 的 尽管社会必须要求个人 对他们自身的行为负责任 但人们的行为很大程度上是 被迫的而并非个人素质 The concept of individual responsibility is a necessary fiction Although societies must hold individuals accountable for their own actions people s behavior is largely determined by forces not of their own making 11 社会 170 伟大国家最可靠的标志不是 其统治者 艺术家或者科学 家的成就 而是全体人民的 福利 注注意意 第第三三个个题题稍稍有有不不同同 The surest indicator of a great nation is not the achievements of its rulers artists or scientists but the general welfare of all its people 99 社会 185 丑闻 不管是政治 学术还 是其他领域 都是有用的 它们能吸引人们的注意力 而使我们聚焦于问题 以一 种演讲者和改革家都做不到 的方式 Scandals whether in politics academia or other areas can be useful They focus our attention on problems in ways that no speaker or reformer ever could 4 社会 46 尽管一些政府领导 比如体 育 工业和其他的领域的人 把他们的成功归功于良好的 竞争意识 一个社会还是应 该给年轻人灌输合作的思想 这更有助于他们成为好的 领导者 While some leaders in government sports industry and other areas attribute their success to a well developed sense of competition a society can better prepare its young people for leadership by instilling in them a sense of cooperation 128 123 社会 152 对于公司的执行官 他们唯 一的任务就是在法律允许的 范围内 为公司赚取尽可能 多的钱 The only responsibility of corporate executives provided they stay within the law is to make as much money as possible for their companies 130 社会 58 快节奏的生活导带来的问题 比解决的问题多 The increasingly rapid pace of life today causes more problems than it solves 43 社会 16 尽管很多人认为现在奢侈安 逸的生活是完全无害的 但 实际上这样的生活阻止了人 们培养真正坚强独立的性格 Although many people think that the luxuries and conveniences of contemporary life are entirely harmless in fact they actually prevent people from developing into truly strong and independent individuals 26 社会 142 当许多公民质疑权威的时候 社会才能更富强 The well being of a society is enhanced when many of its people question authority 18 社会 126 社会所给予的外部奖励不是 成功的真正衡量标准 真正 的成功只能通过自己所设立 的目标来衡量 Society s external rewards are no measure of true success True success can be measured only in relation to the goals one sets for oneself 144 政治 79 重大的政策决定应该留给那 些政治家和政府专家们 他 们比老百姓拥有更多的信息 因此具有更好的判断力和 远见 Major policy decisions should always be left to politicians and other government experts who are more informed and thus have better judgment and perspective than do members of the general public 139 政治 167 8 批判性的判断在任何领域当 中都是没什么用处的 除非 它是来自于该领域中的专家 统一和分歧之专家 政客隐瞒是必须的 It is impossible for an effective political leader to tell the truth all the time Complete honesty is not a useful virtue for a politician It is often necessary even desirable for political leaders to withhold information from the public 108 110 69 社会 93 个人职责 的概念是必要 的 尽管社会必须要求个人 对他们自身的行为负责任 但人们的行为很大程度上是 被迫的而并非个人素质 The concept of individual responsibility is a necessary fiction Although societies must hold individuals accountable for their own actions people s behavior is largely determined by forces not of their own making 政治 45 政府官员应该有自己的判断 力 而不应该盲目地依从人 民的意愿 Government officials should rely on their own judgment rather than unquestioningly carrying out the will of the people whom they serve 50 115 政治 85 可可以以参参考考 政府对艺术的资助威胁着艺 术的独立性 Government funding of the arts threatens the integrity of the arts 23 政治 202 和伟大的思想家 艺术家不 同 最有效力的政治领导者 必须经常向公众舆论让步 有时为了折衷要放弃原则 Unlike great thinkers and great artists the most effective political leaders must often yield to public opinion and abandon principle for the sake of compromise 16 政治 195 政治的目标不应是追求一个 理想状态 而是寻找共同点 和合情合理的共识 The goal of politics should not be the pursuit of an ideal but rather the search for common ground and reasonable consensus 60 政治 43 一个政府官员要想成为一位 有成效的领导者 必须有极 高的伦理和道德修养 To be an effective leader a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards 104 107 政治 83 可以参考 政府应该保护那些疆域范围 内的偏远地带 保持他们的 原始状态 尽管这些地区一 般来说非常偏僻 很少有人 能够到达 Government should preserve publicly owned wilderness areas in their natural state even though these areas are often extremely remote and thus accessible to only a few people 10 148 125 文化 10 政府必须保证主要城市用于 发展的财政支持 因为国家 的文化传统大部分发源于并 保留在城市中 Governments must ensure that their major cities receive the financial support they need in order to thrive because it is primarily in cities that a nation s cultural traditions are preserved and generated 5 117 文化 241 个体的伟大成就不能由同时 代的人来评判 对于成就最 客观的评价者是后来人 An individual s greatness cannot be judged objectively by his or her contemporaries the most objective evaluators of a person s greatness are people who belong to a later time 41 文化 6 了解当代文化最有效途径是 分析其年青人的趋势和潮流 The most effective way to understand contemporary culture is to analyze the trends of its youth 77 历史 54 历史只教会我们一件事 了 解过去并不能帮助今天的人 们在重大的事情上做决定 History teaches us only one thing knowing about the past cannot help people to make important decisions today 133 134 74 86 历史 221 研究历史最明显的好处就是 消除了这样的错觉 某个时 代的人们与历史上另一个时 代的人们有重大的差别 The chief benefit of the study of history is to break down the illusion that people in one period of time are significantly different from people who lived at any other time in history 57 历史 26 很多人认为建筑代表了一个 社会过去的历史价值 但是 当现代城市的规划者想要利 用老建筑占用的地盘做新的 规划时 就会引起很多争辩 在这样的情况下 现代的 发展应该优先被考虑 以使 当代的需要得到满足 Most people would agree that buildings represent a valuable record of any society s past but controversy arises when old buildings stand on ground that modern planners feel could be better used for modern purposes In such situations modern development should be given precedence over the preservation of historic buildings so that contemporary needs can be served 119 历史 189 如果人们忽视了过去的伟大 成就 那是因为这些成就已 不能再回应目前的需要 关关联联度度较较小小 If people disregard the great works of the past it is because these works no longer answer the needs of the present 9 艺术 190