49高考英语题型分类专题复习-读写任务49

读写任务题形讲与练(附参考答案)一、考查形式 高考英语广东卷写作第二节为“读写任务”，“读写任务”的命题形式即材料的呈现形式通常是文字材料。二、考查内容 读写任务的考查内容和基础写作相同，依然遵循课标24个写作话题。1学生个人情况13文娱与体育(电影电视、国际赛事) 2家庭、朋友与周围的人14日常活动(洗刷、洗澡、吃饭、行走等)3周围的环境15个人情感、情绪(喜、怒、哀、乐)4健康16语言学习、语言文化、交际 5天气17学校生活(建筑、夏令营、郊游、野炊等)6旅游和交通18兴趣与爱好(美术、表演、体育、集邮、阅读等)7自然(火灾、地震)19历史与地理(中外进步的、主要的历史人物、事件)8人际关系20社会(现代名人、法律法规、服饰、习俗与文化)9计划与愿望21热点话题(人口、环保、犯罪与惩罚、社会阶层差异)10节日22文学与艺术(著名文学家、文学作品、艺术家)11购物23世界与环境(土地使用、污染、人口、住房)12饮食24科普知识与现代技术(最新发明、医学进步、电脑科学)三、能力要求 读写任务是有材料作文，要求考生在阅读的基础上写一篇相关主题的作文，主要考查篇章概括和语言表达能力。 读写任务应测试的能力四、解题技巧 读写任务首先要从“概括短文的内容”人手。概括文章大意的技巧如下： 1. 集中于文章主旨，省去具体细节、例子等； 要准确而简洁地概括文章大意，可以以一个主题句为中心，以关键词为补充的方法进行概括。用自己的语言陈述的具体方法： 1）通过使用近义词对主题句进行解析。如： 原句： Sometimes, however, you have to give up your interest for one thing or another. 改为：However, on some occasions you have to give up your interest for some reasons. 2） 通过改变句子结构对主题句进行解析。如： 原句：Developing a good habit will help you achieve a lot in your work and life. 改为：By developing a good habit, you will achieve a lot in your work and life. 3）通过改变语态对主题句进行解析。如： 原句：The government should take some measures to stop public smoking. 改为：Some measures should be taken to stop public smoking. 2概括要全面，删去细节，只要主要事实(信息)：切忌加入个人的观点。 3语言要简练，概括后句子的词数必须满足试题的要求。 4概括后的文章意思要通顺，行文要连贯：在概括短文的内容时应找准主题句，抓住关词；表达一个完整的意思时适当用复合句。注意不要用短文中的原句。五、高考实例 2008广东高考读写任务 (共1小题,满分25分) 阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。 Hi, I am Mike. I just went through my first year of college. The toughest part on me at first was the general adjustment.1 went to a very small high school where my mom was a teacher and she did practically everything for me. But at the college I needed to know some basic life skills. such as balancing a checkbook, laundry, and the things you have to be able to handle that I never thought of in the high school! It was really tough for me at first and I got badly homesick.Once that first semester was over and I got used to the college life, I loved itgood facilities, helpful instructors. and a good library. The Students Union organizes various parties every week. I also go to cinemas and concerts, and often spend Saturday nights in pubs and clubs.One thing I think is important is to get yourself active in things. I was on the dance team in college and met a ton of people that way it was so much easier to make friends when you had a common ground.写作内容 学校最近组织了一次中美学生交流活动，你参加其中的“大学校园生活”讨论。听完Mike的发言之后，你准备写一份发言稿，题目是“Preparing Myself for College Life”，内容要点包括：1. 以约30个词概括Mike的发言要点；2. 然后以约120个词谈谈你理想的大学生活，内容包括： (1) 对中学生活的感受； (2) 理想的大学生活； (3) 中学生活和大学生活的差别，以及你打算如何适应。写作要求1. 在作文中可以使用自己亲身的经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容但不得直接引用原文中的句子；2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。评分标准 概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。命题特点 1今年的读写任务是以“Preparing Myself for College Life”为题写一篇关于“大学校园生活”的发言稿，给定了三个提纲：(1)对中学生活的感受；(2)理想的大学生活；(3)中学生活与大学生活的差别，以及你打算如何适应。要求考生在阅读的基础上写一篇相关主题的作文，主要考查考生的篇章概括和语言表达能力。试题要求考生阅读Mike的发言稿之后，自己写一篇发言稿，谈理想的大学生活，并概括Mike的发言稿的内容；根据自己的经历发表对中学生活的感想；发挥想象力描绘未来的大学生活；概括现实的中学生活与想象的大学生活之间的差异，并思考如何适应这些差异。 2试题题意清晰，对象明确，贴近学生生活，关注学生的内心感受，使各种水平的学生都有话可说，有感而发，较好地激活了学生的语言表达能力，提供学生较大的自由发挥空间。考生在表达时可充分挖掘和调动所学语言知识，并灵活运用语言表达意思，达到语言应用的目的，体现了新课标对测试的要求：以测试能力为主。 3读写任务的概括部分没有审题的陷阱，直接概括整篇材料要点即可。 解题思路 1用大约5分钟时间阅读所给短文，找出每一段的主题句。第一段：The toughest part on me at first was the general adjustment. 第二段：I loved it - good facilities, helpful instructors, and a good library.第三段：One thing I think is important is to get yourself active in things.概括短文内容要点时要注意： 1)用自己的话概括，不要照抄段落原文； 2)用大约30个词概括，不要超过35个词或少于25个词； 3)概括时不要模式化，要灵活应变，同时不要把人称和对象搞混，概括这篇短文时人称须改换成第三人称； 4)不要离题，不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点或经历； 5)概括要全面、完整，不能只写一半内容； 6)避免出现虽然概括切题，但表达错误太多的问题，这样会前功尽弃，因为首先进入阅卷教师眼帘的是概括部分，错误太多会对下面主题写作的表达评分影响很大。 概括短文内容时有不同的方法，现举几例： A. Mike successfully overcame the difficulties in adapting to the independent living in the first year of college, and he became an active student on the campus enjoying his college life. B. Mike made a description of his college life in his speech. Although it might be tough for him to make the adjustment because of homesickness and life practice at first, Mike loved the college life and practiced a lot. C. Mike talks about how he went through his first year of college. At first, he felt tough and homesick. But after the first semester, he got used to it and became active. 3概括短文要点后进行主题写作，写作内容包括： 1)中学生活的感受，可以泛泛而谈，如：As far as Im concerned, the life in high school is stressful and a little bit boring. We had to learn a lot of things every day, and prepare for the monthly tests. When in Grade Three, I felt rather nervous because Im going to take the college-entry examination in June. Thats the turning point of my life! 也可以谈具体的某一方面，即你印象最深刻的一方面，如：What impresses me most is that our class is a harmonious one since the teachers treat us kindly and fairly and all my classmates get on well with each other. When someone is in trouble, the others will give him or her a hand without hesitation and help him or her out of difficulty. 2)想象中的大学生活，内容包括理想的大学、校园环境、学习环境、社团活动、交友、挑战等，如：At the same time, I am eager to go to study in the college. I hope my college life will he full of excitement and interesting things. I can choose my favourite courses and study happily in the college. Whats more, I expect to make friends with people from the north of China or other parts, so that I can have a better understanding of the things there. 3)概括中学生活与大学生活之间的差异，如大学生活更丰富、更自由、更富有挑战性和独立性，也可以谈充分利用大学时间学好本领，锻炼意志等，如：Where is no doubt that there are lots of differences between high school life and college life. In high school, we dont have to care much about ourselves since our parents do almost everything for us. However, in college we will have to face more problems and solve them on our own. We need to do everything without our parents help and learn some basic living skills that we have never had before. 4)结尾：为了使文章结构更完整清晰，别忘了在最后加上l2句总结性的句子，如In brief, lets take a positive attitude towards the coming new college life and spare no effort to get used to it. Im sure we will have a bright future. 4进行主题写作时要注意以下几点： 1)要注意格式，概括的内容和正文要分段，各要点最好也分段，做到层次分明，条理清楚。 2)段落间要注意衔接和过渡自然，各段落要有主题句，如下面一篇学生写作，值得我们借鉴： Mike noted that he was fond of college life after a period of tough adjustment. He found life in college colourful and took part in various activities, through which he made many friends. Mikes speech reminds me of my life as a high school student. In the past three years, I have made lots of improvement both physically and mentally with the help of my teachers and fellow students. Besides, the tough but interesting experience greatly shaped my value towards life and the world. So I am convinced that I have been well prepared for my coming college life. As a diligent student, I have been dreaming of becoming a college student for years. In my ideal university, not only can I gain ample scientific knowledge but I can also participate in some social activities, such as the Students Union, through which my horizon will surely be broadened. Thus, all-rounded improvements can be made. Having realized the differences between college and high school, I know I have to make adjustment. For instance, the former life is stricter and more formal. So I will look into some related information in advance. Now, I can hardly wait to paint my life in college with bravery and hope. All in all, Im looking forward to the new college life. I will prepare myself well and make improvement bit by bit. 3)谋篇布局要突出重点，紧扣主题。避免在120字中用太多的笔墨描述自己的经历，以致写第2个和第3个要点时文字很少，给评卷教师跑题、离题的印象。 4)句与句之间要分明，即要学会断句，该用句号用句号，该用逗号用逗号，该用连词就用连词，如： Last year, I was addicted to computer games, it took me so much time to play, my study was delayed. = Last year, I was addicted to computer games. It took me so much time to play. My study was delayed. = Last year, I was addicted to computer games and it took me so much time to play so my study was delayed. = Last year, I was addicted to computer games, which took me so much time to play so my study was delayed. 5写草稿和修改草稿。高考要求考生在30分钟内完成一篇读写任务，建议考生打个草稿，完成后检查如下项目： 1)内容要点是否完整，文章是否连贯、过渡自然； 2)是否有时态错误(写第一个要点最好用过去时，第二个要点用一般将来时，第三个要点用 一般现在时)和一些诸如主谓不一致、动词重叠、缺词、多词等低级错误； 3)是否有单词拼写和词组搭配错误； 4)是否有大小写、标点符号和断句等错误。 6誊写定稿：誊写时要对写作中由于粗心造成的错误做个别改动，做到书写工整、卷面整洁。六、实战演练读写任务专题练习 第1篇阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文： Shopping online is becoming very popular, on which people cannot only buy various physical products, such as electrical appliances, clothes, shoes, hooks, but also get all kinds of information, like on-line news, newspapers and magazines and blogs. Besides, people can download computer software and services such as booking airline tickets or hotel rooms are available on the Internet. Shopping online has many advantages, of which the most important one is convenience. We can go shopping whenever and wherever we like and it is often cheaper to buy goods online. However, we should be very careful when shopping online so as not to be cheated. 写作内容 1)以约30个词概括上文的主要内容； 2)以约120个词表达你对这件事情的看法，并包括以下要点： 你对上面阅读材料的观点的看法； 解释你的理由并提出你的建议：写作要求 1作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；标题自定： 2作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称：评分标准概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。写作辅导 1写作有可能用到的主要短语和单词：方便convenientconvenience，观点opinion，建议suggestion,提高警惕keep ones eye open/be careful, 向某人提供某物provide sb with sth. 2本文的概要必须包含以下要，Shopping online is becoming very popular, on which people cannot only buy various physical products,/but also get all kinds of information,/Besides, people can download computer software and services/Shopping online has many advantages,/we should be very careful when shopping online so as not to be cheated. 3本文要注意，概要一定要根据文段的时态来写。同时，绝对不能抄袭原文的句子。无论“你对上面阅读材料的观点的看法”还是“解释你的理由并提出你的建议”来看，文章应为评论性文字和结论性的观点，故用一般现在时或一般将来时态较为多见。 Be Careful When Shopping Online Popular shopping online with many advantages makes people buy various physical products, get all kinds of information and download computer software and services, but we should avoid being cheated. I cant agree more with the above opinion. As a matter of fact, shopping online provides us a lot of convenience and benefits, which meets the demand of modem peoples lifestyles. As I am concerned, despite many advantages of it, we are also faced with a lot of troubles and cheatings. At the same time, When shopping online, we cant see the real products we buy or check their quality, so we really should keep our eyes open when shopping online so that we may be cheated and get a loss of our money, used to buy things. All in all, when shopping online, please look before you leap.读写任务专题练习 第2篇阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。 About 40 percent of the top students in college entrance examinations have chosen overseas universities for their postgraduate studies, according to a survey. About 40 percent of the top students in college entrance examinations have chosen overseas universities for their postgraduate studies, according to a survey. Most of them have stayed overseas after finishing their intended courses, showed a survey that tracked 130 top performers in college entrance exams from 1977 to 1998. The survey, released on the China Alumni Association website, found it worrying that many of the top students would not stay in China for higher studies despite the countrys rapid development in the past few decades. The government should find better ways to hold back talented students, said Cai Yanhou, a professor with Central South University. in Changsha, capital of Hunan Province. UNESCO figures show Chinese students comprise 14 percent of international students, the highest in the world. Their favorite destinations for higher studies are the US, Britain and Japan. Some experts said handsome scholarships, better job prospects and more opportunities to pursue further studies are the main attractions of foreign universities. But Cai, who also led the survey team, said top in exams does not necessarily mean top in career because the study found none of the top students at college entrance exams had become a top Chinese expert or academic The entrance exam is just one of the numerous exams a person will go through in his life and that cant foretell his future achievements, said Wang Xummg, a spokesman for the Ministry, of Education. He criticized the media hype over the so-called zhuangyuan. 写作内容 1、以约30个词概括短文中的联合国教科文组织对中国高考状元出国留学的调查的要点。 2、然后以约120个词就“应如何看待高考状元出国留学?”这个主题发表你的看法，并包括下面要点： 1)高考状元不应到外国去念书，考试成绩好不等于以后可以在外国找到好工作： 2)高考状元到外国去念书，有不少人因为良好的工作条件和待遇而没回国，造成人才流失： 3)作为高考状元，应该有良好服务祖国的理想，即使出国留学，也应为祖国服务： 4)假如你是高考状元，你会出国留学吗?为什么?写作要求 1作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；标题自定。 2作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。评分标准概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。写作辅导 1写作有可能用到的主要短语和单词：服务祖国serve our motherland,出国留学study abroad,为祖国做贡献contribute oneself to ones motherland，建设construction/construct. 2本文的概要必须包含以下要点：UNESCO s survey / 14% of Chinese students have the bigpercentage of studying abroad / the reason why the Chinese students favorite destinations for big, herstudies are the US, Britain and Japan. 3本文要注意，概要一定要根据文段的时态来写。同时，绝对不能抄袭原文的句子。作文是评论性文字和结论性的观点，故多用一般现在时或一般将来时态。 3. Be Grateful For My Country UNESCOs survey tells us that 14% of Chinese students have the big percentage of studying abroad, and why US, Britain, and Japan become their favourite places for their further education. The top students in college entrance examinations shouldnt study abroad. In fact, good achievements in their study dont mean that they will be able to find better jobs abroad. Whats more, some talented students wont return to our motherland because of the better conditions abroad. As top students in college entrance examinations, they should contribute themselves to our motherland even if they stay abroad. In my opinion, if I have a good chance to study abroad, I will study harder and return to con tribute to the construction of my country with the knowledge, experience and wealth acquired abroad. It is commonly said that blood is thicker than water. I should be grateful for my homelands nourishment and support.读写任务专题练习 第3篇阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。 I started thinking about this issue at my brother-in-laws 60th birthday party last Saturday. Before we ate the main meal we sat around a table that was loaded with large bowls of snack itemschocolatecovered peanuts, cherries (樱桃), and a few other things. The eater had to reach into the bowl and grab a handful of snacks and then convey them to the mouth with the other hand. A lot of people were strangers to me and I observed a cat being carried around, a dog being petted, and a number of noses being blown, between eating handfuls of snacks. Ugh！ I started thinking about Chinese table manners. My wife and I will share things from the same plate or cup but we always put serving spoons out with the dishes on the table. We dont frequently use them, though. In my family we use our personal chopsticks to take food from the serving dishes. But we are careful and only touch the food we will eat ourselves. I have heard of some people who use two sets of chopsticks, one for eating, and one for serving. I have also seen some people who invert their chopsticks, that is, to serve other people with the other ends that havent touched their lips. 写作内容 1概括短文的内容要点，该部分的词数大约为30； 2然后以大约120词，就“Table Manners and Hygiene (卫生)”的主题发表你的看法，并包括以下的内容要点： 1)以自己或周围的人为例，简述自己或周围人的就餐习惯； 2)你如何看待自己或周围人的有关就餐习惯； 3)出于卫生考虑，你觉得是否有必要使用公筷，请说明理由：写作要求 1作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；标题自定。 2作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。 评分标准概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。 写作辅导 1写作有可能用到的主要短语和单词：公筷communal or serving chopstick，卫生hygiene,赞成 be in favor of，显示友好show hospitality，推荐recommend，优先priority。 2本文的概要必须包含以下要点：I started thinking about this issue at my brother-in-laws 60thbirthday party last Saturday. / The eater had to reach into the bowl and grab a handful of snacks and then convey them to the mouth with the other hand. / I started thinking about Chinese table man- hers. 3本文要注意，概要一定要根据文段的时态来写。同时，绝对不能抄袭原文的句子。文章是讨论“就餐习惯”问题，属于是评论性文字和结论性的观点，故用一般现在时或一般将来时态。答案 Table Manners and Hygiene This passage describes the authors experience of witnessing peoples unhealthy table manners at a birthday party, which gave rise to his opinion on the promotion of health and hygiene at dinner. In terms of table manners and hygiene, peoples habits vary. from person to person. Some of them have the preference of stirring the food, hunting for what seems to be their favourite bits, with the aid of their own chopsticks. To show hospitality, some hosts or hostesses frequently feed food into the guests dish, ignoring the serving chopsticks or spoons. Worse of all, some diners never hesitate to dig or blow their nose at table, making disgusting noise. Personally, I am not quite in favour of the above manners, which is very likely to transfer /spread diseases. I absolutely agree with the author that communal or serving chopsticks and spoons are recommended to avoid the transference of any diseases while dining. There is no denying that dining together is the time for intimateness or close relationship between the relevant members or friends. However, the consideration of health and hygiene is significant as well To conclude, priority should be given to healthy and hygienic manners at table so as to create a pleasant and harmonious dining atmosphere.读写任务专题练习 第4篇阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。 I started thinking about this issue at my brother-in-