中考英语复习--被动语态

中考英语复习-被 动 语 态英语的语态分主动语态和被动语态两种。主动语态的主语是动作的执行者；被动语态的主语是动作的承受者。 eg. We use a knife for cutting (主动句). A knife is used for cutting (被动句)。一、构成：be + 过去分词eg. 1)The work is finished by him. 2)Chinese is spoken by people in China.二、被动语态的时态1.一般现在时：am/ is/ are + 过去分词eg. English is spoken by Englishmen.2.一般过去时：was/ were + 过去分词eg. The machines were made in China.3.一般将来时:will/shall/be going to be+过去分词eg. A sports meeting will be held in our school next week.4.现在完成时：have/ has been + 过去分词eg. The work has been done by them.5.现在进行时：am/ is/ are being + 过去分词。eg. A new school is being built in our village.6.过去进行时：was/ were being + 过去分词eg. My TV set was being mended at that time.综上所述：被动语态的时态只涉及be动词的变化（即：be动词的各种时态）另外注意以下几点：1.含情态动词的被动语态： can / may / must / should + be + 过去分词eg. He may be sent away from school.2.带动词不定式的被动语态eg. My bike needs to be mended.3.在使用被动语态时，如需要指出动作执行者时，应用“by + 动作的执行者(宾格)”eg. He was called Mike by us4.不及物动词无被动语态（take place/ happen ; last ; rise ; sink ; fall等）eg. The accident was happened two days ago (改错) _5.当宾语补足语是省to不定式时，在改作被动语态之后，应将省去的to还原。eg.The boss made the workers work 12 hours.The workers were made to work 12 hours.6.注意短语动词的完整性（即：主动句的谓语动词若由v + prep / adv构成，变被动语态时，不能将这些介词、副词遗漏。eg. We must take care of the baby.The baby must be taken care of.练 习 题( )1.This factory has been_ for two yearsA. open B. to open C. opening D. opened( )2.The light in the room _ before you leave. A. must turn off B. will turn offC. are turned off D. must be turned off( )3.The young trees _ planted in spring.A. must B. have C. must be D. must are( )4.Chinese _ by Miss Wang three years ago. A. was taught B. is taught C. was teached D. were teach( )5.Young trees _ quite often.A. should water B. should be waterC. should be watered D. should have watered( )6.English _ by many people in the worldA. speaks B. speak C. are spoken D. is spoken( )7.The old people _ well in our country.A. is looked after B. are looked afterC. looks after D. look for( )8. Alice is ill. She _ to hospital at once.A. is sent B. must be sent C. can send D. must send( )9. The factory _ in 1958.A. was built B. is builtC. will be built D. built( )10.Our teacher told us that the classroom _ every day.A. should be cleaned B. should cleanedC. shall be cleaned D. must cleaned( )11.Football _ all over the world.A. plays B. is playing C. has played D. is played( )12._ silk _ in Suzhou?A. Is , produced B. Are, producedC. Does, produce D. Was, produce( )13.Much money _ spent on books every year. A. have B. has C. are D. is( )14.The students was made _ the questions by the teacher.A. answer B. to answerC. answering D. answered( )15.The sun _ when we got there.A. was risen B. has been risenC. had risen D. is rising( )16.The Peoples Liberation Army was _ August 1, 1927.A. found in B. found onC. founded on D. founded in( )17.The oranges should be well _ during the winter.A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep( )18. Many of the sheep _ by the wolf狼).A. was killed B. are killed C. are killing D. were killed( )19.Tape recorders_ in our English classA. should use B. used C. can be used D. are using( )20. _ English _ in Canada?A. Do, spoken B. Is , spokenC. Are, spoken D. Does, speak( )21.He _ not to leave waster paper everywhere.A. tells B. told C. was told D. has told( )22.Who _ “The Family”, “Spring” and “Autumn” _?A. was, written B. were, writtenC. were, written by D. are. Written by( )23.Look at the building! It _ now.A. is being built B. has been builtC. is building D. has built( )24.Half of the work _ before six.A. can be done B. will do C. were done( )25.We _ stamps for sending letters.A. are used B. use C. used( )26.The Great Green Wall(绿色长城)_ in North China.A. are built B. can be build C. was built( )27._ the farm _ by the students ?A. was, visited B. Is, visit C. Must, visit( )28.The woman _ by pe