选修8unit3TeachingDesignperiod1教学设计.docVIP

Unit 3 Inventors and inventions教材分析和教材重组教材分析本单元的中心话题是“发明家与发明”，具体涉及“发明与发现的区别”，“发明产生的过程”和“申请发明专利的条件”。通过本单元的学习，可以帮助学生树立生活的信心，激励学生开动脑筋，发挥想象力和创造力去发明以解决生活中可能遇到的问题；同时告诉学生不要害怕失败， 成功的发明家往往要经历很多次实验的失败。通过本单元的语言技能训练，要求学生学会使用正确得体的英语打电话以及写求职信。1. Warming Up 让学生了解发明与发现的区别并讨论描述一些熟悉的现代文明；为本单元Reading部分的精彩故事做好了词汇铺垫。2. Pre-reading 提供发明家为了让其发明得到认可所必须通过的六个程序。 。3. Reading 是一篇记叙文。故事讲的是一个女孩如何通过多次尝试最后成功地把在她母亲家院子里安家的一窝蛇捉住并放归大自然，她的捕蛇技术申请了发明专利。4. Comprehending 共有3个练习，这3个练习的设置由表及里，由浅入深，非常科学。练习1是浅层次的事实细节理解题；练习2要求学生在正确理解课文的基础上，激励学生开动脑筋，发挥想象力和创造力去发明以解决生活中可能遇到的问题；练习3要求学生判断什么样的发明才能获得专利并给出理由，加深对专利标准的理解。5. Learning about Language 分为两部分，Discovering useful words and expressions是本单元的词汇练习题; Discovering useful structures是本单元的语法练习题，通过本单元的学习，要求学生熟练掌握过去分词做定语，表语和宾语补足语的用法。6. Using Language 部分在阅读和听力材料中分别介绍了电话发明家亚力山大格雷厄姆贝尔以及当今发明家詹姆斯戴森的故事。并通过操练打电话和写求职信进一步训练学生说和写的能力。教材重组1. 将Warming Up，Pre-reading，Reading与Comprehending整合在一起上一节“阅读课”。2. 将Learning about Language和Workbook的using words and expressions及using structures整合在一起上一节“语言学习课”。3. 将Using Language设计为一节包括听说读写在内的“综合技能课（一）”。4. 将Workbook的READING AND LISTENING和TALKING结合在一起上一节“听说课”。5. 将Workbook的LISTENING TASK，READING AND WRITING TASK和SPEAKING TASK设计为一节“综合技能课（二）”。课时分配1st Period Reading2nd Period Language study3rd Period Integrating skills()4th Period Listening and Speaking5th Period Integrating skills() Part 1: Teaching Design第一部分：教学设计Period 1: A sample lesson plan for reading(THE PROBLEM OF THE SNAKES)AimsTo help students develop their reading abilityTo help students learn about inventors and inventionsProceduresI. Warming up by learning about the past participle used as attributives分词作定语分词前置We can see the rising sun. 我们可以看到东升的旭日He is a retired worker. 他是位退休的工人分词后置 (i分词词组；ii 个别分词如given, left； iii 修饰不定代词 something等)There was a girl sitting there.有个女孩坐在那里This is the question given. 这是所给的问题There is nothing interesting. 没有有趣的东西过去分词作定语 与其修饰的词是被动关系，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists. Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa. 典型例题 1) The first textbook _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. have writtenB. to be writtenC. being writtenD. written答案D. 书与写作是被动关系，应用过去分词做定语表被动，相当于定语从句 which is written 2）Whats the language _ in Germany?A. speakingB. spokenC. be spokenD. to speak答案B. 主语language与谓语动词之间有被动的含义。spoken是动词speak的过去分词形式，在句中作定语，修饰主语language, spoken 与 language有被动关系, 该句可以理解为：Whats the language (which is) spoken in German? II. Pre-readingWhat is invention? Invention is the successful exploitation of new ideas, new objects. By reasoning, analyzing and experimenting new things and new ideas are invented for the benefits of the world. Look at the photo, please. This man is a great inventor called Thomas Edison.Thomas Edison received over 1000 U.S. patents, the most issued to any individual. Some people also credit him with an invention that received no patent: the modern corporate research laboratory. While this conclusion is arguable, his Menlo Park laboratory was intentionally designed to be an invention factory. It housed a large reference library, and often served to showcase the Wizards work. Some who worked in or visited the lab later became competitors.“box telephone” telegraph sewing machine light bulbIII. Reading for forms Read the text again to: cut/ the sentence into thought groups, blacken the predicates, darken the connectives and underline all the useful expressions. IV. Copying and making sentencesYou are asked to copy all the useful expressions into your notebook after class as homework. You may make your own sentences with each of these expressions.Expressions from THE PROBLEM OF THE SNAKEScall upon the telephone给打电话, in the countryside在农村, in our yard在院子里，come near the house走近房子, now and then时而、有时，make ones home here在这里安家, get rid of除掉, feel very proud感到自豪骄傲, a chance forto do某人做的机会, distinguish oneself显扬自己，使自己扬名, invent something发明某物, catch snakes捉住蛇, hurt these living creatures伤害这些生物, be designed to do旨在做, kill snakes杀死蛇, a new approach新方法, set about doing着手开始做, research the habits of研究的习性, trapin the easiest way用最简易的方法捕, make the solution easier使问题比较容易解决, be prepared with做准备, decide on决定, remove ones habitat铲除的栖息地, attractinto a trap把引进陷阱, use male or female perfume or food用男人或女人用的香水或食物, become sleepy困乏, be easily caught容易被捉住, an ice-cream maker一个之冰激凌的器具, between the outside and inside walls of the bowl在碗的外壁和内壁, freeze hard冻结, placeover把放在上方, on top of 在上方, keep cool保持冷却, cover the whole thing with用把整个罩住, a large bucket一个大桶, abruptly disappear into a convenient hole突然一下子就消失在附近的洞里, adjust ones plan调整计划, for the second attempt第二试验, leaveovernight把通宵放在, early the next morning第二天一早, see the result看结果, get down to do蹲下去做, pick up捡起, improve ones design改进方案, repeat the earlier procedure重复上次程序, carry in ones hand手里拿着, a small net used for一个用来的小网, in the expectation that预料到, be monitored carefully仔细监视, go according to plan按计划进行, the passive snakes温顺的蛇, releaseall back into the wild全都释放到野外, be pressed by由于的督促, sendto the patent office把送到专利局, get recognition for给与认可, have the recognition取得认可, truly an inventor真正的发明者, in addition此外, get a patent去得专利, a scientific theory一种科学理论, a mathematical model一种数学模式, a computer program一个电脑程序, a large number of patent examiners一大批专利审查人员, ones application for.申请, fill in the form填表, file ones patent application with the Patent Office向专利局提交申请书, a matter of事情, succeed by the size of ones bank balance看某人的银行结余判断是否成功, wish luck祝好运V. Reading to transform informationTHE PROBLEM OF THE SNAKESWhy was my mother upset?There are some snakes in our yard.Why did I feel very proud?Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something that would catch snakes but not harm themWhat was the first thing I tried to do?The first thing I tried to do was to see if there were products that might help me.What are the three possible approaches?Firstly, removing their habitat; secondly, attracting them into a trap using male or female perfume or food; and thirdly cooling them so that they became sleepy and could be easily caught.How many attempts did I make? I made three attempts.My first step:VI. Reading to draw a diagram of the text and retell the test in your own wordsInventing something that would catch snakes but not harm themCooling the snakes so that they became sleepy and could be easily caughtPlacing the frozen bowl and ice-cubes over the snakes habitat and covering the bowl with the bucket collecting the passive snakes and releasing them back into the wildFilling in the form and filing my patent application with the Patent OfficeTHE PROBLEM OF THE SNAKESAdditional MaterialsComplete the summary of the story with one word in each blank.When I called up my mother she was 1_ because there were some 2_ in the yard. She asked me whether I could get 3_ of them. Having thought that it would be a 4_ for me to 5_ myself by inventing something that would catch snakes without 6_ them, I was willing to have a 7_. First, I set about researching the 8_ of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them. 9_, I decided on three possible 10_: firstly, 11_ their habitat; secondly, attracting them into a 12_ using male or female 13_ or food; and thirdly cooling them so that they became 14_ and could be easily caught. I decided to use the last one. Unluckily, I tried twice but failed and I had to 15_ my plan. My third 16_ was successful. I collected the snakes and the next day we 17_ them all back into the wild. 18_ by my friends and relations, I decided to send my invention to the 19_ office to get 20_ for my successful idea.（Key: 1. upset 2. snakes 3. rid 4. chance 5. distinguish 6. harming 7. try 8. habits 9. Second 10. approaches 11. removing 12. trap 13 perfume 14. sleepy 15. adjust 16. attempt 17. released 18. Pressed 19. patent 20. recognition ）Comprehension questions1. After being asked to get rid of the snakes in the yard, the writer felt very _.A. upset B. proud C. angry D. disappointed2. From the text we know that _.A. the writer knew nothing about the habits of snakes B. if the snakes are cooled, they will become sleepy C. the writer succeeded in catching the snakes without any difficultiesD. it is easy to get a patent3. No invention will get a patent unless it is_.A. a scientific theory or mathematical model B. a new animal or plant varietyC. truly novel D. a game or program 4. Which of the following statements about a patent is NOT true according to the passage?A. A search will be made to find out that your product really is different from everybody elses.B. A large number of patent examiners will examine whether your claim is valid or not.C. If you pass the test, your application for a patent will be published 16 months from the date you apply.D. Youll know if you get the recognition by the size of your bank balance.（Key: 1. B 2.B 3. 4. C）Notes to some difficult sentences1. Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something that would catch snakes but not harm them. 这回我有机会表现一下自己了，我要发明一个既能捉住蛇又不会伤害它们的东西。distinguish oneself: to cause(oneself) to be eminent or recognized 意思是“使自己与众不同；使自己出名”； that 引导定语从句限定something。 They have distinguished themselves as dedicated social workers. 他们以全心全意的社会工作者而著称。 2. This was in the expectation that the snakes would bite again. 这是（因为我）预料到蛇还会再咬人。句中的that从句是一个同位语从句，做expectation的同位语。There was a general expectation that he would win.普遍认为他会获胜。3. The criteria are so strict that it is difficult for new ideas to be accepted unless they are truly novel. 评定专利的标准非常严格，因此除非设想真的很新颖，否则很难被接受。这里that引导结果状语从句。主句与从句是原因与结果的关系，译作“因此”。She described the events so graphically that I could almost see them.他把那些事件描述得活灵活现，我几乎能亲眼目睹了。 4. The criteria are so strict that it is difficult for new ideas to be accepted unless they are truly novel. 评定专利的标准非常严格，因此除非设想真的很新颖，否则很难被接受。novel在此处是形容词，意思是“新的；新颖的；新奇的”。其名词形式是novelty。The novelty of office work wore off, and Jim soon got tired of it. 办公室工作的新鲜感消失了，吉米很快就对它厌倦了。She is always looking for novelty items to wear. 她穿着上总是追求新颖。5. “Leave the beaten track occasionally and dive into the woods. Every time you do you will be certain to find something that you have never seen before. Follow it up, explore all around it, and before you know it, you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind. All really big discoveries are the result of thought.” 译文是：“偶尔离开平路， 去寻求困境。当你这样做的时候，你一定会发现你从未见过的东西。跟踪下去，不断探索，不知不觉中，你就会发现某种值得思考的东西占据着你的头脑。所有真正伟大的发现都是思考的结果。”beaten track 踩出来的路；惯例They live miles off the beaten track. 他们住的地方远离人烟。 【高考链接】ONLY倒装句在高考题中的使用 only + 状语的结构（修饰副词，介词短语或状语从句）放在句首，主句要部分倒装 The teacher told me that only in that way could I learn English well.老师告诉我只有以这种方法，我们才能学好英语。I received my mothers call at 11a.m., only then did I remember it was my birthday today.我上午十一点接到妈妈的电话。只有那时我才记起今天是我的生日。Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。使用特点：1. 在部分倒装句中，如果谓语部分无助动词，则须找助动词来帮助它构成倒装句。如：Only after the war learned he the sad news. (错)Only after the war did he learn the sad news. (对)2. only 修饰状语从句时，从句不可倒装。Only when did he return did we find out the truth. (错)Only when he returned did we find out the truth. (对)3. only 修饰主语时，句子不可倒装。 Only can he answer the question. (错)Only he can answer the question. (对)【高考链接】1. Only then _how much damage had been caused. (2006陕西)A. she realized B. she had realized C. had she realized D. did she realized2. Only after my friend came _. (2005福建)A. did the computer repair B. he repaired the computer C. was the computer repaired D. the computer was repaired3. Only when your identity has been checked, _. （2003上海）A. you are allowed in B. you will be allowed in C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in4. I failed in the final examination last term and only then _the importance of studies. （2004 重庆）A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realized5. _a mobile phone can you ring _you want to talk with anywhere. (2005朝阳统考)A. Using; whoever B. Only on; whoever C. By; whomever D. Not only with; whoever6. Only under special circumstances _to take up those tests. (2006 潍坊四月)A. are freshmen permitted B. freshmen are permitted C. permitted are freshmen D. are permitted freshmen7. Only when the war was over _to his hometown. (2001上海)A. did the young soldier return B. the young soldier returnedC. returned the young soldier D. the young soldier did return【巩固练习】1. Onlywhenclassbegan_thathehadlefthisbookathome. A. willherealize B.hedidrealize C.didherealize D.shouldherealize 2.Onlywhenyouhavefinishedyourhomework_gohome. A.canyou B.wouldyou C.youwill D.youcan 3._canyouexpecttogetapayrise. A. WithhardworkB.AlthoughworkhardC.OnlywithhardworkD.Nowthatheworkshard 4. Onlybypracticingafewhourseveryday_beabletobe g