被动语态 (2)

被动语态 一 语态概述 1 英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的 英语中有两种语态 主动语态和被动语态 2 举个例 我 打了 他 则 我 是动作的执行者 而 他 是动作的承受着 这句是以 我 为主语的句子 如果中文中变成被动 就应该是 他 被 我 打 Heopenedthedoor 他开了门 主动句 Thedoorwasopened 门被开了 被动句 二 被动语态的构成 1 被动语态由 助动词be 及物动词的过去分词 构成 2 人称 数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的 现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成 公式就是 be done 一般现在时 am is are taught一般过去时 was were taught一般将来时 will shallbe taught现在进行时 am is arebeing taught过去进行时 have hasbeen taught现在完成时 have hasbeen taught 主动语态变被动语态的方法 1 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语 2 把谓语变成被动结构 be 过去分词 根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数 以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式 3 把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语 将主格改为宾格 Allthepeoplelaughedathim Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople Theymakethebikesinthefactory Thebikesaremade bytheminthefactory 说白了就是 宾变主 主变宾 by在短语后面跟 谓语动词变被动 be后 过分 来使用 1 Cotton inthesoutheastofChina A isgrownB aregrownC growsD grow 2 Sofar themoon bymanalready A isvisitedB willbevisitedC hasbeenvisitedD wasvisited 3 AtalkonChinesehistory intheschoolhallnextweek A isgivenB hasbeengivenC willbegivenD gives Goodbooks againandagain A shouldbereadedB shouldbereadC mustreadD oughttoread2 Thechildren bythenurse A werelookedB lookedafterC werelookedafterD looked3 He somepiecesofadvice buthe tothem A gave didn tlistenB wasgiven wasn tlistenedC give wasn tlistenedD wasgiven didn tlisten 4 When theaccident A was happenB did happenC ishappenD was happened5 Thequestion byussoon A isgoingtodiscussB willdiscussC isgoingtobediscussedD hasbeendiscussed6 Thelab aboutfiveyearsago A wasbuildedB wasbuiltC buildsD hasbeenbuilt 7 Alotoftallbuildings inhishometowninthelastthreeyears A havesetupB havebeensetupC weresetupD setup8 They printing500copiesbytheendoflastmonth A hadfinishedB havefinishedC hadbeenfinishedD havebeenfinished9 Rice also intheirhometown A is grownB is grewC was grewD was grown 10 He bytheteachers A isalwayspraisedB praisesC havebeenpraisedD alwaysispraised11 Greatchanges place Manynewschools A havetaken havebeenopenedB take areopenC aretaken openD havebeentaken areopened12 Thepicture inOctober 1996 A wastakingB hadbeentakenC wastakenD hadtaken13 Wecan tusethebridgenow becauseit A hasbeenrepairedB isrepairingC isrepairedD isbeingrepaired 14 I thewaytotherailwaystationbyapoliceman A wasshownB showedC haveshownD wasshowing15 Thewar in1941 A brokeoutB hadbeenbrokenoutC wasbrokenoutD hadbrokenout16 Whenwater itwillbechangedintovapor 蒸汽 A isheatedB heatingC hasheatedD heats17 Wecan tentertheroombecauseitsdoor A lockedB locksC islockedD islocking 18 They dayandnight A aremadeworkB aremadetoworkC madetobeworkedD aremakingtowork19 Chang anRoadis ofpeople A filledB fillC fullD fulled20 Man madesatellites intospacebymanycountries A wassentupB issentupC havebeensentupD hasbeensentup21 ThisEnglishsong often bythechildren A is singingB is sungC will singD was sung 22 Thewindowsofourhouse onceaweek A mustcleanB havecleanedC iscleanedD arecleaned23 When thePeople sRepublicofChina A was foundB was foundedC did foundD does found24 Mary sradio bymybrotherjustnow A willbemendedB hasmendedC wasmendedD mended25 Yourexercisebooks afterclass A willhandinB musthandinC handedinD mustbehandedin 26 Sometreesmay atothertimesoftheyear A beplantedB plantC areplantedD willbeplanted27 Thesun atnightasusual A canbeseenB can tseeC can tbeseenD doesn tsee28 AnewEnglishplay therenextweek A willputonB willbeputonC isgoingtoputonD willbeputtedon 29 Astrangething inourschoolyesterday A washappenedB hasbeenhappenedC happenedD wasgoingtohappen30 Theglass It bylittleTomthismorning A broke isbrokenB isbroken wasbrokenC wasbroken brokeD hasbeenbroken broken 1 Isawtheboyrunyesterday 2 Hetoldmethathewouldcomebacksoon 3 Youcanfindalotofdifferencesbetweenthetwolanguages 4