解剖实习重点结构总结(英文版).doc

I. Bones1.vertebral body 2.vertebral foramen 3.transverse foramen 4.transverse process 5.spinous process 6.superior articular process 7.dens 8.inferior articular process 9.promontory 10.posterior sacral foramen(pl. foramina) 11.anterior sacral foramen (pl. foramina) 12.sacral canal 13.sacral hiatus 14.manubrium sterni 15.sternal angle 16.body of sternum 17.xiphoid process 18.coracoid process 19.glenoid cavity 20.acromion 21.spine of scapula 22.greater tubercle 23.lesser tubercle 24.intertubercular sulcus(groove) 25.deltoid tuberosity 26.sulcus for radial nerve 27.olecranon fossa 28.coronoid fossa 29.capitulum of humerus 30.trochlea of humerus 31.medial epicondyle 32.lateral epicondyle 33.olecranon 34.trochlear notch 35.coronoid process 36.styloid process 37.anterior superior iliac spine 38.anterior inferior iliac spine 39.posterior superior iliac spine 40.posterior inferior iliac spine 41.ischial tuberosity 42.ischial spine 43.acetabulum 44.acetabular fossa 45.lunate surface 46.obturator foramen 47.femoral head 48.neck of femur 49.greater trochanter 50.lesser trochante 51.intertrochanteric line 52.intertrochanteric crest 53.medial condyle 54.lateral condyle 55.intercondylar eminence 56.tibial tuberosity 57.medial malleolus 58.lateral malleolus 59.calcaneus 60.navicualr bone 61.talus 62.cuboid bone 63.medial cuneiform bone 64.intermedius cuneiform bone 65.lateral cuneiform bone 66.cribriform foramina 67.hypophysial fossa 68.optic canal 69.foramen rotundum 70.foramen ovale 71.foramen spinosum 72.foramen lacerum 73.internal acoustic pore 74.jugular foramen 75.foramen magnum 76.sulcus for sigmoid sinus77.styloid process 78.stylomastoid foramen 79.frontal bone 80.parietal bone 81.temporal bone 82.sphenoid bone 83.occipital bone 84.pterion 85.zygomatic arch 86.external acoustic pore 87.head of mandible 88.mastoid process 89.mandible 90.maxilla 91.anterior fontanelleII. Jervertebral disc 2.anulus fibrous 3.nucleus pulposus 4.anterior longitudinal ligament 5.posterior longitudinal ligament 6.interspinal ligament 7.supraspinal ligament 8.ligamenta flava 9.intervertebral foramen 10.ulnar collateral ligament 11.radial collateral ligament 12.annular ligament of radius 13.pubic symphysis 14.ligament of the head of the femur 15.sacrospinous ligament 16.sacrotuberous ligament 17.alar folds 18.lateral meniscus 19.medial meniscus 20.patellar ligament 21.tibial collateral ligament 22.fibular collateral ligament 23.anterior cruciate ligament 24.posterior cruciate ligamentIII. Muscle1.masseter 2.temporalis 3.medial pterygoid 4.lateral pterygoid 5.sternocleidomastoid 6.scalenus anterior 7.scalenus medius 8.trapezius 9.latissimus dorsi 10.erector spinae 11.pectoralis major 12.pectoralis minor 13.serratus anterior 14.aortic hiatus 15.esophageal hiatus 16.vena caval foramen 17.obliquus externus abdominis 18.obliquus internus abdominis 19.transversus abdominis 20.rectus abdominis 21.linea alba 22.deltoid 23.teres minor 24.teres major 25.subscapularis 26.biceps brachii 27.triceps brachii 28.psoas major 29.iliacus 30.gluteus maximus 31.piriformis 32.sartorius 33.rectus femoris 34.adductor longus 35.biceps femoris 36.semitendinosus 37.semimembranosus 38.gastrocnemius 39.soleus 40.tendo calcaneus 41.inguinal ligament 42.tendinous intersectionIV. Alimentary system1.uvula 2.palatoglossal arch 3.palatopharyngeal arch 4.palatine tonsil 5.genioglossus 6.parotid gland 7.sublingual gland 8.submandibular gland 9.parotid duct 10.papilla of parotid duct 11.sublingual caruncle 12.sublingual fold 13.pharyngeal opening of auditory tube 14.tubal torus 15.pharyngeal recess 16.piriform recess 17.superior part of duodenum 18.descending part 19.horizontal part 20.ascending part 21.major duodenal papilla 22.colic bands 23.epiploic appendices 24.haustra of colon 25.vermiform appendix 26.falciform ligament 27.ligamentum teres hepatis 28.common bile duct 29.common hepatic duct 30.cystic duct 31.pancreatic ductV. Respiratory system1.maxillary sinus 2.frontal sinus 3.sphenoidal sinus 4.ethmoidal sinus 5.superior nasal meatus 6.middle nasal meatus 7.inferior nasal meatus 8.superior nasal concha 9.middle nasal concha 10.inferior nasal concha 11.thyroid cartilage 12.cricoid cartilage 13.epiglottic cartilage 14.arytenoid cartilage 15.left principal bronchus 16.right principal bronchus 17.hyoid bone 1 8.tracheal cartilage 19.carina of tracheaVI. Urinary, reproductive system1.renal pyramid 2.renal papilla 3.major renal calyx 4.renal pelvis 5.ureter 6.renal column 7.minor renal calyx 8.urinary bladder 9.ureteric orifice 10.interureteric fold 11.internal orifice of urethra 12.trigone of bladder 13.testis 14.epididymis 15.ductus deferens 16.prostate 17.seminal vesicle 18.ampulla ductus deferentis 19.ejaculatory duct 20.bulbourethral gland 21.cavernous body of urethra 22.ovary 23.uterus 24.uterine tube 25.proper ligament of ovary 26.round ligament of uterus 27.broad ligament of uterus 28.hepatogastric ligament 29.hepatoduodenal ligament 30.greater omentum 31.omental bursa 32.omental foramen 33.lesser omentum 34.rectovesical pouch 35.vesicouterine pouch 36.rectouterine pouchVII. Angiology1.right auricle 2.left auricle 3.crista terminalis 4.fossa ovalis 5.orifice of coronary sinus 6.septomarginal trabecula 7.sinuatrial node 8.internodal tract 9.atrioventricular junction region 10.atrioventricular bundle 11.left bundle branch 12.right bundle branch 13.Purkinje network 14.right coronary artery 15.left coronary artery 16.anterior interventricular branch 17.circumflex branch 18.coronary sinus 19.brachiocephalic trunk 20.left common carotid artery 21.left subclavian a. 22.internal carotid a. 23.external carotid a. 24.brachial a. 25.radial a. 26.ulnar a. 27.deep palmar arch 28.superficial palmar arch 29.renal a. 30.coeliac trunk 31.left gastric a. 32.right gastric a. 33.splenic a. 34.proper hepatic a 35.right gastroepiploic a. 36.left gastroepiploic a. 37.superior mesenteric a. 38.inferior mesenteric a. 39.external iliac a. 40.internal iliac a. 41.femoral a. 42.hepatic portal vein 43.cephalic v. 44.basilic v. 45.median cubital v. 46.great saphenous v. 47.small saphenous v. 48.azygos v. 49.left gastric v. 50.splenic v. 51.superior mesenteric v. 52.inferior mesenteric v. 53.thoracic duct 54.cisterna chyliVIII. Sensory organs1.cornea 2.anterior chamber 3.lens 4.ciliary body 5.vitreous bod 6.iris 7.posterior chamber 8.choroid 9.sclera 10.retina 11.optic disc 12.fovea centralis 13.lacrimal gland 14.nasolacrimal duct 15.tympanic membrane 16.fenestra vestibuli (oval window) 17.fenestra cochlea (round window) 18.semicircular canal 19.cochlea 20.vestibule 21.malleus 22.incus 23.stapesIX. Nervous system1. olfactory bulb 2.olfactory tract 3.optic nerve 4.optic chiasma 5.optic tract 6.oculomotor n. 7.pons 8.trigeminal n. 9.abducent n. 10.trochlear n. 11.hypoglossal n. 12.facial n. 13.vestibulocochlear n. 14.glossopharyngeal n. 15.vagus n. 16.accessory n. 17.forth ventricle 18. mesencephalic aqueduct 19.cerebellum 20.corpus callosum 21.tonsil of cerebellum 22.pyramid 23.olive 24.decussation of pyramid 25.superior colliculus 26.inferior colliculus 27.facial