高考英语阅读理解专题练习-主旨大意题(1)

高三英语阅读专练 1 13 Reading comprehension Main idea 1 The easy way out isn t always easiest I learned that lesson when I decided to treat Doug my husband of one month to a special meal I glanced through my cookbook and chose a menu which included homemade bread Knowing the bread would take tine I started on it as soon as Doug left for work As I was not experienced in cooking I thought if a dozen was good two dozen would be better so I doubled everything As Doug loved oranges I also opened a can of orange and poured it all into the bowl Soon there was a sticky dough 面团 covered with ugly yellowish marks Realizing I had been defeated I put the dough in the rubbish bin outside so I wouldn t have to face Doug laughing at my work I went on preparing the rest if the meal and when Doug got home we sat down to Cornish chicken with rice He tried to enjoy the meal but seemed disturbed Twice he got up and went out side saying he thought he heard a noise The third time he left I went to the window to see what he was doing Looking out I saw Doug standing about three feet from the rubbish bin holding the lid up with a stick and looking into the container When I came out of the house he dropped the stick and explained that there was something alive in our rubbish bin Picking up the stick again he held the lid up enough for me to see I felt cold But I stepped close and looked harder Without doubt it was my work The hot sun had caused the sough to dough to double in size and the fermenting yeast 酵母 made the surface shake and sigh as thought it were breathing It looked like some unknown being from outer space I could see why Doug was shaken I had to admit what the living thing was and why it was there I don t know who was more embarrassed 尴尬 by the whole thing Doug or me The writer s purpose in writing this story is a to tell an interesting experience b To show the easiest way out of a difficulty c To describe the trouble facing a newly married woman d To explain the difficulty of learning to cook from books 2 Decision thinking is not unlike poker it often matters not only what you think but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think The mental process is similar Naturally this card game has often been of considerable interest to people who are by any standards good thinkers The great mathematician John von Neumann was one of the founders of game theory In particular he showed that all games of perfect information games like chess where the players can t hide anything or play tricks they don t win by chance but by means of logic and skills Then there are games of imperfect information like poker in which it is impossible to know in advance that one course of action is better than another One mistaken idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information Quit the reverse Business politics life itself are games which we must normally play with very imperfect information Business decisions are often made with many unknown and unknowable factors which would even puzzle best poker players But few business people find it comfortable to admit that they are taking a chance and many still prefer to believe that they are playing chess not poker The subject discussed in this text is a the process of reaching decision b the difference between poker and chess c the secret of making good business plans d the value of information in winning games 3 Most people feel lonely sometimes but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours This kind of loneliness is not serious In fact it is quite normal For some people though loneliness can last for years Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness The first kind of loneliness is temporary 暂时的 This is the most common type It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention The second kind situational loneliness is a natural result of a particular situation for example a family problem the death of a loves one or moving to a new place Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems such as headaches and sleeplessness it usually does not last for more than a 高三英语阅读专练 2 13 year The third kind of loneliness is the most severe Unlike the second type chronic 长期的 loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause People who experience habitual loneliness have problems socializing and becoming close to others Unfortunately many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person s social contacts e g friends family members co workers etc We depend on various people for different reasons For instance our families give us emotional support our parents share similar interests and activities However psychologists have found that though lonely people may have many social contacts they sometimes feel they should have more They question their own popularity Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons they are unhappy and unable to socialize and there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart disease While temporary and situational loneliness can be a normal healthy part of life chronic loneliness can be a very sad and sometimes dangerous condition 1 The topic of the 4th paragraph is that a one problem of loneliness is a person s social contacts b we depend on various people for different reasons c lonely people don t have many social problems d lonely people don t have many friends 2 What is the best title for the passage a Three Kinds of Loneliness b Loneliness and Diseases c Loneliness and Social Contacts d Chronic Loneliness 4 Excused from recycling because you live in a high rise with a rubbish chute 垃圾道 You won t be for long Miami s Mark Shantzis has made it simple for those living in tall buildings to use the chute and cycle too In Shantzis Hi Rise Recycling system a chute leads to a pip shaped container with six boxes that can turn around when operated The system which fits in the same space as the chute and container now in use enables glass plastics paper metal and other rubbish to go into separate boxes The system is controlled from a board foxed next to the chute door The board has a button for each class of recycling materials At the press of a button a microcomputer locks all other floors chute doors and sets the recycling container turning until the right box comes under the chute The computer also counts the loads and gives a signal by phone when the box is full And a particular piece of equipment breaks up the no recyclables Sorting 分类 recyclables before they are collected saves the use of expensive materials recovery equipment which otherwise has to do the sorting Such equipment often makes recycled materials very expensive so expensive that tones of recyclables remain wasted Shantzis believes his system could help recycled materials become more cost effective NMET 2000 年 E The purpose in writing this text is A to encourage people to recycle their rubbish B to introduce a recycling system for high rises C to describe the use of computer technology in recycling D to explain the need for rubbish collection in high rise 5 Many cities around the world today are heavily polluted Careless methods of production and lack of consumer demand for environment friendly products have contributed to the pollution problem One result is that millions of tons of glass paper plastics and these are difficult to get rid of However today more and more consumers are choosing green and demanding that the products they buy 高三英语阅读专练 3 13 should be safe for the environment Before they buy a product they ask questions like these Will this shampoo damage the environment Can this metal container be reused or can it only be used once A recent study showed that two out of five adults now consider the environmental safety of a product before they buy it this means that companies must now changed the way they make and sell their products to make sure that they are green that is friendly to the environment Only a few years ago it was impossible to find green products in supermarkets but now there are hundreds Some supermarket products carry labels 标签 to show that the product is green Some companies have made the manufacturing 生产 of clean and safe products their main selling point and emphasize it in their advertising The concern for a safer and cleaner environment is making companies rethink how they do business No longer will the pubic accept the old attitude of buy it use it throw it away and forget it The public pressure is on and gradually business is cleaning up its act NMET2001 C What would be the best title for the text a Business and People b Business Goes Green c Shopping Habits Are Changing d Supermarkets and Green Products 6 If you ask people to name the one person who had the greatest effect on the English language you will get answers like Shakespeare Samuel Johnson and Webster but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didn t even speak English William the Conqueror Before 1066 in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups In the west central region lived the Welsh who spoke a Celtic language and in the north lived the Scots whose language though not the same as Welsh was also Celtic In the rest of the country lived the Saxons actually a mixture of Anglos Saxons and other Germanic and Nordic peoples who spoke what we now call Anglo Saxon or Old English a Germanic language If this state of affairs had lasted English today would be close to German But this state of affairs did not last In 1066 the Normans led by William defeated the Saxons and began their rule over England For about a century French became the official language of England while Old English became the language of peasants As a result English words of politics and the law come from French rather than German In some cases modern English even shows a distinction between upper class French and lower class Anglo Saxon in its words We even have different words for some foods meat in particular depending on whether it is still out in the field or at ready to be cooked which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming while the upper class Normans were doing most of the eating When Americans visit Europe for the first time they usually find Germany more foreign than France because the German they see on signs and advertisements seems much more different from English language is actually Germanic in its beginning and that the French influences are all the result of one man s ambition NMET2001 D What is the subject discussed in the text a The history of Great Britain b The similarity between English and French c The rule of England by William the conqueror d The French influences on the English language 7 Britain s oldest man made his first visit to London yesterday at the age of 110 Mr John Evans had never found the time or the money to make the trip from his home near Swansea But when British Rail offered him an all expenses paid birthday trip to the capital he just could not refuse Until yesterday he had never been far from home except for one trip to Aberdeen Mr Evens who spent 60 years working as a miner in South Wales almost made the journey to London once before at the turn of the century There was a trip to the White city but it was ten shillings 1shilling 1 20 pound return from Swansea too much I thought All my money went to the family then he said During the nest two days Mr Evens will be taken on a whistle stop tour of London to see the sights Top of his 高三英语阅读专练 4 13 list is a visit to the Houses of Parliament The only arrangement he does not care for is the wheelchair provided to move him about if he gets tired I don t like the chair business people will so think I am getting old he said Hi secret for a long and healthy life has been well publicized no alcohol no cigarette and no anger Before setting off from Swansea with his 76 year old son Amwel he quipped I m glad to see they ve given me a return ticket 2003shanghai C What might be the best title for this passage a 100 year old Tourist b Secret for Long and healthy life c Free Return Ticket d Sightseeing in London 8 BEJING set of by the April 1 Sino us plane collision 相撞 and US official agreement of the biggest arms sale to Taiwan in decade ten years as well as remarks by US president Bush on Defending Taiwan there have been increasing hacker attacks on websites of the two countries in the past weeks An American group of hackers 黑客 which calls itself Poison Box had begun ruining Chinese websites after the April1 spy plane incident top Chinese portal said The Chinese soon attacked back On April 2 Chinese hackers invaded two Government websites over the weekend forcing the Department of labor and the Department of the Health and Human Services to shut down their sites for a short time The US Department of labor went off line for a few hours after a page in its website was changed to display a picture of Wang Wei the Chinese pilot who died in the collision The page was titled China back and read in English the whole country is so sorry for losing the best son of China Wang Wei forever We will miss the end of the day On May1 hackers exchanged bad remarks 脏话 in which the official White House website was defaced 毁容 by a huge amount of e mail garbage On May5 the White House website fell victim 受害者 to a denial 拒绝 of serviced attack that blocked access 通道 to the site for more than two hours The Computer Network and Information Security Management Office told web operators an average of 100 sites a day had seen some more form of attack The best title of the passage is a Sino US plane collision b Sino US Hackers Fighting Cyber war c Cyber war continuing d Wang wei our best son 9 There were two interesting news items in the paper a few years ago One was about a man who received a bill from the telephone company for 999 999 for three month The other was about a man who received 2 000 a month for doing nothing The connection between the two news items is simple computer the best invention of the 20th century The telephone bill came from a computer which made a terrifying mistake that was only 23 36 The other item was not so amusing A man walked into the unguarded computer room of a large packaged food company 袋装食品生产公 司 and expertly programmed the computer 给计算机编程序 to pay him 2 000 a month for raw meat which he supplied to the company Of course he never sent the meat but he certainly received the money The computer wrote out a bill and even signed it It was only a random 随便的 check that uncovered the trick It could be happening in thousands of other companied all over the world Computers are not the magical workers that some people say they are They make mistakes they re sometimes slower than human beings and they re easily fooled The US used to conscript 征兵 people with the help of a computer The army sent out a card which had to be filled in and sent back It was easy to avoid being called up simply by spreading candle waxon on the card The computer couldn t read the card and did nothing with it 高三英语阅读专练 5 13 It s in our everyday life that computers cause many problems Let s get back to using people instead of computers before a mistake that we can t put right The writer s main idea is A we d better use people instead of computers in our everyday life B We should not use computers because they always make mistakes C computers are widely used in our everyday life D if we want to work well don t use the computers 10 During the early years of this century wheat was seen as the very lifeblood of Western Canada When the crops were good the economy on city streets watched the yields and the price of wheat with almost as much felling as if they were growers The marketing of wheat became an increasingly favorite topic of conversation War set the stage for the most dramatic events in marketing the western crop For years farmers mistrusted speculative grain selling as carried on through the Winnipeg Grain Exchange Wheat prices were generally low in the autumn but farmers could not wait for markets to improve It had happened too often that they sold their wheat soon after harvest when farm debts were coming due only to see prices rising and speculators getting rich On various occasions producer groups asked for farmer controls but governments had no wish to become involved at least not until wartime wheat prices threatened to run wild Anxious to check inflation and rising living costs the federal government appointed a board of grain supervisors to handle deliveries from the crops of 1917 and 1918 Grain Exchange trading was suspended and farmers sold at prices fixed by the board To handle the crop of 1919 the government appointed the first Canadian Wheat Board with full authority to buy sell and set prices What is the main purpose of the passage A To explain how wheat is marketed today B To justify suspension of trading on the Grain Exchange C To describe the origins of the Canadian Wheat Board D To argue for further reforms on the Canadian Wheat Board 11 April 27 is Take Our Daughters to Work Day in Britain Started at first in the United States and brought to Britain in 1994 Take Our Daughter to Work Day has become a special day for girls between 11 and 15 On that day thousands of girls take a day off school and go together with one of their parents to their work places The purpose of this day is to broaden girls horizons 视野 and raise their self confidence For many years people have thought that boy can do better than girls in society But actually Girls can be whatever they want to be just like boys whether it is a pilot a nurse or a chief executive 主管 says the chairman of the Our Sons and Daughters Charitable Trust an organization which supported the acti