高考英语 语法填空总动员 7 专题剖析课件.ppt

2017年高考英语总动员 语法填空 7 专题剖析 纯空格填空 1nowitoccurredto25thathisfarmhadmuchpotentialandthatthedeathofthecowwasabitofluck itoccurredtosb that 某人突然想到 这是一个固定句型 因为这篇短文讲述的是johnson先生 即从句中his 故填him 1代词 2lastyear mybrotherandiwenttomiamiforavacation someofmyfriendswhohadbeentherebeforesaid16wasawonderfulholidaydestination 从空后的awonderfulholidaydestination可知 这个地方就是miami 用it指代前面提到的地点 故填it 3raiseyourlegandlet65stayintheairforseconds 根据句意可知此处应该填入指代leg的代词 故填it 归纳当句子缺主语或宾语时 填代词 要根据语境 看该空格是指人还是指物 是男还是女 是单数还是复数 为了避免重复 it one s that those都可以用来替代上文出现的名词 要注意它们的不同用法 it可以用来代替不定式 动名词或从句作形式主语或形式宾语 还要注意不定代词one both neither nor all none either another等的用法 1theadobedwellings 土坯房 builtbythepuebloindiansoftheamericansouthwestareadmiredbyeven42mostmodernofarchitectsandengineers 空格之后为形容词的最高级形式 故填定冠词the 2冠词 2mr johnsonlivedinthewoodswithhiswifeandchildren heowned16farm whichlookedalmostabandoned 名词farm前缺少限定词 根据语境可知 johnson先生和家人住在树林里 他拥有一个农场 故填不定冠词a 泛指 一个 修饰可数名词单数farm 归纳在名词或 形容词 名词 前缺少限定词时 要考虑冠词 不定冠词a an表示泛指 可译作 一个 本 座 等 定冠词the表示特指 相当于 这 这些 那 那些 另外 特指上文出现的或谈话双方心目中都知道的人或事物 用the 在序数词前 最高级前 独一无二的事物名词之前 用the 1forthosewhoflytoguilin it sonlyanhouraway66carandoffersallthesceneryofthebetter knowncity 根据句意可知 这只是驱车一小时的路程 by 交通工具名词 为一固定短语 故填by 3介词 2 47thesametime theywarmupagainforthenight atthesametime意为 同时 是一个常用介词短语 故填at 3hesoldorexchangedsomeofthemilkinthetownsnearby18otherfoodandmadecheeseandbutterforthefamilywithwhatwasleft 根据句意可知此处表示的是他用牛奶换取其他的食物 这里是用短语exchange for 意为 用 交换 故填介词for 归纳如果句子中不缺少主语或表语 动词后又不缺少宾语 则在名词或代词前一定是填介词 其次 还要注意短语搭配中介词的正确使用 在空白处填入适当的词 每空1词 1 thequalityofeducationinthissmallschoolisbetterthaninsomelargerschools 2 towarmhimself thesailorsatinfrontofthefirerubbingonebarefootagainstthe 3 theresearchgroupproducedtworeportsbasedonthesurvey butcontainedanyusefulsuggestions 一代词 that other neither 4 nikiisalwaysfullofideas butisusefultomyknowledge 5 themeetingwillbeheldinseptember butknowsthedateforsure 6 howwouldyoulikeifyouwerewatchingyourfavoritetvprogramandsomeonecameintotheroomandjustshutitoffwithoutaskingyou none nobody it 7 couldiusethisdictionary justgoahead it saspare 8 whenshallicall inthemorningorafternoon i llbeinallday 9 recyclingisonewaytoprotecttheenvironment reusingis one either another 10 it saneither orsituation wecanbuyanewcarthisyearorwecangoonholidaybutwecan tdo both 二冠词1 ijustheardbankwheredoraworkswasrobbedbygunmanwearingamask 2 jane sgrandmotherhadwantedtowritechildren sbookformanyyears butonethingoranotheralwaysgotinway 3 brianisgiftedinwritingmusic heisverylikelytobebeethoven the the a a a 4 morelearnedamanis moremodestheusuallybecomes 5 lifeislikeocean onlystrong willedcanreachtheothershore 6 ican ttellyouwaytothewilsons becausewedon thavewilsonhereinthevillage the the an the the a 7 villagewhereiwasbornhasgrownintotown 8 marcopoloissaidtohavesailedonpacificoceanonhiswaytojavainthirteenthcentury 9 peopledeveloppreferenceforaparticularstyleoflearningatearlyageandthesepreferencesaffectlearning 10 theparentswereshockedbynewsthattheirsonneededoperationonhisknee the a the the a an the an 三介词1 thesecommentscameinresponsespecificquestionsoftenaskedbylocalnewsmen 2 manyofthethingswenowbenefitfromwouldnotbearoundbutthomasedison 3 thismeetingroomisanon smokingarea iwouldliketowarnyouadvancethatifyousmokedhereyouwouldbefined to for in 4 theybelievethattherearetransportdevelopmentsthecornerthatwillbringalotofchangesforthebetter 5 lastyearwasthewarmestyearonrecord withglobaltemperature0 68 theaverage around above 6 haveyoueverheardofthetreesthatarehomesanimalsbothonlandandsea 7 mostpeopleworkbecauseit sunavoidable contrast therearesomepeoplewhoactuallyenjoywork 8 igotaplacenextthewindow soihadagoodviewofthesidewalk to by in to 9 don tlaughme imaylookfunny 10 fourchinesemodelswerethe14peopleawardedprizesonfridayattheworldsupermodelcompetition at among weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel 句子结构可知 weunderstandthings 为主语从句 且从句中主谓宾成分齐全 结合句意可知 主语从句中缺少方式状语 故填how 1主语从句 名词性从句 asnaturalarchitects thepuebloindiansfiguredoutexactly50thicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays 句子结构可知 这是一个宾语从句 根据形容词thick及句子结构可知这里的意思是 印第安人要算出土坯墙的确切厚度 故填how 2宾语从句 ashipinharborissafe butthat snotshipsarebuiltfor isn t后跟从句作表语 表语从句中的for后缺少宾语 用what引导 what与for连用 表示目的 what在句中既作连接词又作从句的中for的宾语 故填what 3表语从句 isittruethatmikerefusedanofferfromyaleuniversityyesterday yeah butihavenoideahedidit that soneofhisfavoriteuniversities 空后从句作idea的同位语 表示该想法的具体内容 由句意可知 我 不知道他为什么拒绝耶鲁大学的录取 表示原因 故填why 4同位语从句 归纳若含有两个主谓结构的句子之间 没有句号或分号 也没有连词 那么空格处一定填连接词 若其中一个分句作另一个句子的成分 注意根据成分关系确定相应的复合从句 再根据从句中缺何成分确定连接或关系词 在空白处填入适当的词 每空1词 1 wemustfindoutkarliscoming sowecanbookaroomforhim 2 ifyouswiminariverorlake besuretoinvestigateisbelowthewatersurface oftentherearerocksorbrancheshiddeninthewater 3 theexhibitiontellsusweshoulddosomethingtostopairpollution when what why 4 readingherbiography iwaslostinadmirationfordorislessinghadachievedinliterature 5 youhavetoknowyou regoingifyouaretoplanthebestwayofgettingthere 6 iwondermaryhaskeptherfigureafteralltheseyears byworkingouteveryday what where how 7 libai agreatchinesepoet wasbornisknowntothepublic butsomewon tacceptit 8 perhaps mymotherhadtoldmewasdeeplyrootedinmymind 9 thedelayedflightwilltakeoffdependsmuchontheweather where what when 10 thebestmomentforthefootballstarwashescoredthewinninggoal 11 asjohnlennononcesaid lifeishappenstoyouwhileyouarebusymakingotherplans 12 whatamess youarealwayssolazy i mnottoblame mum iamyouhavemademe 13 grandmapointedtothehospitalandsaid that siwasborn when what what where 14 theonlywaytosucceedatthehighestlevelistohavetotalbeliefyouarebetterthananyoneelseonthesportsfield 15 evidencehasbeenfoundthroughyearsofstudychildren searlysleepingproblemsarelikelytocontinuewhentheygrowup that that i dskippednearbyguilin adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheliriver64arepicturedbyartistsinsomanychinesepaintings 由句子结构不难判断这是一个定语从句 先行词为指物的mountaintopsanddarkwaters 关系词在从句中作主语 故填that which 1关系代词引导的定语从句 定语从句 whenharvestcamearound hewasalreadysellingherbs vegetablesandcottoninthemarket24peoplefromthetownsmetregularly 根据句子结构可以判断 在这里应填关系词来引导一个定语从句 修饰表地点的先行词themarket 故填where 2关系副词引导的定语从句 1someexpertsthinkreadingisthefundamentalskilluponschooleducationdepends dependon upon依靠 依赖 本题中介词upon被提到了定语从句引导词之前 引导词作upon的宾语 介词被提前后一般只能用which或whom来引导定语从句 此处先行词为物 故填which 3 介词 which whom 引导的定语从句 2behindhimwereotherpeopleto21hewastryingtotalk butaftersomeminutestheywalkedawayandsatnearme lookingannoyed 此处是一个定语从句 缺少关系代词 因为先行词为otherpeople 指的是人 而且与介词to连用 所以填whom 3hewrotemanychildren sbooks nearlyhalfofwerepublishedinthe1990s 根据句子结构可知是考查非限制性定语从句 从句中缺少主语 关系词代指前面的先行词children sbooks 指物 故应填which 1we llreachthesalestargetsinamonthwesetatthebeginningoftheyear 考查分隔式定语从句 先行词thesalestargets与定语从句被inamonth隔开 先行词指物 在定语从句中充当动词set的宾语 故填which that 4特殊的定语从句 定语从句 2aftertheflooding peopleweresufferinginthatarea urgentlyneededcleanwater medicineandsheltertosurvive 考查分隔式定语从句 根据定语从句中的urgentlyneededcleanwater 可知 需要 的主语应该是people 而不是thatarea或flooding 即先行词为人 在非限制性定语从句中充当主语 所以用关系代词who引导 归纳一旦判定是定语从句 就根据定语从句的先行词和代表先行词的关系词在从句中作什么成分 来确定关系词 若关系词在从句中作主语和宾语 就用关系代词 若作状语 就用关系副词 在空白处填入适当的词 每空1词 1 itisatrulydelightfulplace looksthesameasitmusthavedone100yearsagowithitswindingstreetsandprettycottages 2 creatinganatmosphereinemployeesfeelpartofateamisabigchallenge which which 3 thenumberofsmokers isreported hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear 4 thebooksonthedesk coversareshiny areprizesforus 5 oppositeisst paul schurch youcanhearsomelovelymusic as whose where 6 thebossofthecompanyistryingtocreateaneasyatmospherehisemployeesenjoytheirwork 7 asthesmallestchildofhisfamily alexisalwayslongingforthetimeheshouldbeabletobeindependent 8 iborrowedthebooksherlockholmesfromthelibrarylastweek myclassmatesrecommendedtome where when which 9 pleasesendusalltheinformationyouhaveaboutthecandidatefortheposition 10 theexactyearangelaandherfamilyspenttogetherinchinawas2015 11 acompanyprofitsfromhomemarketsaredecliningmayseekopportunitiesabroad 12 thechildren allofhadplayedthewholedaylong werewornout that which that whose whom 13 nick sguests hadheardtheirconversation askedwhytheyshouldnotbuysaltmorecheaplyiftheycould 14 johninvitedabout40peopletohiswedding mostofarefamilymembers 15 englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures eachofusesitsomewhatdifferently who whom which 1oneday thecowwaseatinggrass20itbegantorainheavily 这句话使用的句型是bedoingsth when 正在做某事这时 when是并列连词 意为 正在这时 故填when 1并列连词 并列句与状语从句 2buttheriverwasn tchangedinafewdays64evenafewmonths afewdays和afewmonths为并列关系 且此句是否定句 因此要用or连接 故填or 3thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop 42someofthemlookedveryanxiousanddisappointed 结合前后句可知 此处是并列关系 故填并列连词and 1peter unbelievable oh 69youdon tmind i llstopandtakeadeepbreath 此题借考查状语从句的引导词考查语意逻辑关系 根据句意可知应填if 引导条件状语从句 2状语从句中的从属连词 定语从句 2imadesomesandwichesearlierandleftthemonthetable2iwenttoanswerthephone butsomeonemusthavetakenthembecausethey regone 前一个分句imadesomesandwichesearlierandleftthemonthetable与后一个分句iwenttoanswerthephone之间缺少连词 根据句意 第二个分句是第一个分句的时间状语从句 故填when 归纳若两个或两个以上单词或短语之间没有连词 若两句 一个主谓关系算一个句子 之间没有连词 也没有分号或句号 则一定是填并列连词或从属连词 常考的并列连词有and but or so while when等 常考的从属连词有if although though while once unless when where since before after because as等 在空白处填入适当的词 每空1词 1 heisashyman heisnotafraidofanythingoranyone 2 ibelieveyouwillhaveawonderfultimehereyougettoknoweveryoneelse 3 thestudentscamefromdifferentcountries theygotalongquitewellinthesummercamp but yet once when while though although 4 ifyoumissthischance itmaybeyearsyougetanotherone 5 justasinglewordcanchangethemeaningofasentence asinglesentencecanchangethemeaningofaparagraph 6 someanimalscarryseedsfromoneplacetoanother plantscanspreadtonewplaces before as so 7 itwasthemiddleofthenightmyfatherwokemeupandtoldmetowatchthefootballgame 8 there snowayofknowingwhyonemanmakesanimportantdiscoveryanotherman alsointelligent fails when while 9 youhavetomoveoutofthewaythetruckcannotgetpastyou 10 hotthenightairwas wesleptdeeplybecauseweweresotiredafterthelongjourney or as though 1youbecarol youhaven tchangedabitafteralltheseyears 根据be动词为原形 可判断此处缺少情态动词或助动词 根据文后youhaven tchangedabit可知 说话者完全认出了carol 猜测的语气非常肯定 故填must 情态动词与助动词 2youfeelallthetrainingawasteoftime buti mahundredpercentsurelateryou llbegratefulyoudidit 由句中的but及后一分句中的ahundredpercentsure可知 此处表示语气不强烈的推测 故填may 3althoughyoufindbargainsinlondon it snotgenerallyacheapplacetoshop 由语境可知 此处表示 你可能在伦敦找到便宜货 指客观上的可能性 故填can 1mum aretheythere oh mygoodness i9haveputthemintherewhenthephonerang 动词原形前常跟情态动词或助动词 根据句意可知 是对过去的肯定推测 故用musthavedone形式 故填must 2情态动词 havedone用法 2 sorry mum ifailedthejobinterviewagain oh it stoobad youhavemadefullpreparations 根据句意可知 此处表示 你该做好充足的准备的 shouldhavedone本应该做某事 实际并未做 符合语境 故填should 1 构成行为动词一般现在时和一般过去时的疑问句和否定句的do does did 1thenthedriverstoodupandasked 48anyoneloseasuitcaseatthelaststop 语境 此处指司机问 有人在上一站丢失手提箱吗 这是一个问句 同时丢失东西的动作已经发生 应用一般过去时 因此填did 注意首字母要大写 3助动词的考查 2howmuchhechargeyouforrepairingthebicyclejustnow 这是疑问句 由justnow可知 是一般过去时 填助动词did 2 强调行为动词一般现在时和一般过去时的谓语动词的do does did 1ifyouhaveajob devoteyourselftoitandfinallyyou llsucceed if引导的是条件状语从句 空格处用动词原形构成祈使句 从而产生 祈使句 and 陈述句 的结构 do用来加强语气 强调动词 2totellyouthetruth tomtakemypenbymistakeyesterday buthehassaidsorrytome 与yesterday连用 谓语动词本应用一般过去时 但take却用了原形 可见其前面应当有助动词或情态动词 根据语境 应当是表达 的确错拿了我的钢笔 强调谓语动词 又是一般过去时 故用did 3 构成部分倒装的do does did onlywhenlilywalkedintotheofficesherealizethatshehadleftthecontractathome only 状语从句 位于句首表示强调时 主句要用部分倒装 根据时间状语whenlilywalkedintotheoffice可知要用一般过去时 故填助动词did 归纳若句中谓语动词为原形 在其前设纯空格题时 注意考虑情态动词与助动词 然后根据句意或句式结构填入恰当的情态动词或助动词 在空白处填入适当的词 每空1词 1 itwassonoisythatwehearourselvesspeak 2 youbecarefulwiththecamera itcosts 3 onlywhenyoucanfindpeaceinyourheartyoukeepgoodrelationshipswithothers couldn t must will 4 i veorderedsomepizza soweworryaboutcookingwhenwegethometired 5 whatareyoudoingthissaturday i mnotsure butigototherollingstonesconcert 6 thechildrenhavegotlostinthewoods otherwise theywouldhavebeenatthelakesidecampasscheduled needn t may might must 7 noonebemoregenerous hehasaheartofgold 8 goodbye john comebackagainsometime sure i 9 willyoureadmeastory mummy ok youhaveoneifyougotobedassoonaspossible could can will shall 10 whydidn tyoucometosimon spartylastnight iwantedto butmymomsimplynotletmeoutsolateatnight would bachdiedin1750 butitwasnotuntiltheearly19thcenturyhismusicalgiftwasfullyrecognized 本题考查强调句型 itis was that 为强调句型 本题强调的是时间状语notuntiltheearly19thcentury 故填that 1强调句 特殊句式 aftertalkingtotwostudentsdididiscoverthathavingstro