高一期末备考十一选十专题--S版.docx

精锐教育学科教师辅导讲义 年 级：高一 课 时 数：3学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师： 授课类型十一选十解题技巧&词汇积累授课日期及时段2017/ 一、十一选十答题大致顺序：1.阅读选项，把选项中的单词作大致的分类，如名词、动词、形容词、副词等等2.通读全文，确定空中所缺词的性质，缩小选项范围3.前后结合，寻找线索，选出最佳答案4.查漏补缺，核实答案二、寻找与答题相关线索的几点建议：1.寻找同义转述。即注意前后文内容或特定词汇的同义转述2.判断空格处与上下文的逻辑关系。这类词有：（1）表示顺承：and,also,first,second,third（2）表示转折：but,on the contrary,otherwise,yet（3）表示因果：consequently,thus,therefore,as a result,so（4）表示比较：similarly,equally,like,in the same way（5）表示递进：furthmore,moreover,in addition（6）表示总结：in conclusion,finally,in short,in summary,to sum up,in a word,my point is that,that is to say,briefly speaking3.识别固定搭配。三、题型分析1.名词在句中通常作主语或宾语，如果空格处位于主语或宾语的位置，就应该用名词，然后再判断名词的单复数。名词前面最常见的是冠词或形容词，可以作为判断的标志。2.动词通常作谓语或伴随状语。如果空格处所在句子缺少谓语，就应该用动词，然后通过语境确定动词的具体形式。3.动词的现在分词一般用于下列情况：1用于进行时态，与be动词构成进行时；2用作形容词，作表语、定语或状语；3作伴随状语4.动词的过去分词一般用于下列情况：1用于完成时态，当空格前出现has,have和had时，就应该首先考虑用过去分词；2用于被动语态；3作形容词，作表语、定语或状语；4做伴随状语5.形容词可作表语和定语。在形容词前后常见的是名词、副词、be动词或系动词，这些可作为判断形容词的标志，当空格前为more或most时，可先考虑形容词。6.副词可作状语、表语和定语。副词在每年考试中都会出现两个选项，几乎都是二选一。词汇积累（2017高三一模考试十一选十词汇整理）宝山区resistant n. 抵抗者 adj. 抵抗的，反抗的；顽固的concentrate n. 浓缩，精选；浓缩液 vt. 集中；浓缩recognition n. 识别；承认，认出；重视；赞誉；公认resemble vt. 类似，像essential n. 本质；要素；要点；必需品 adj. 基本的；必要的；本质的；精华的distinct adj. 明显的；独特的；清楚的；有区别的approach n. 方法；途径；接近 vt. 接近；着手处理 appreciate vi. 增值；涨价 vt. 欣赏；感激；领会；鉴别view n. 观察；视野；意见；风景 vt. 观察；考虑；查看普陀区gluen. 胶；各种胶合物 vt. 粘合；似胶般固着于guilty adj. 有罪的；内疚的luxuriousadj. 奢侈的；丰富的；放纵的；特级的portraitn. 肖像；描写；半身雕塑像reflectvt. 反映；反射，照出；表达；显示;反省 vi. 反射，映现；深思shadown. 阴影；影子；幽灵；庇护；隐蔽处 adj. 影子内阁的 vt. 遮蔽；使朦胧；尾随；预示嘉定区attach vi. 附加；附属；伴随 vt. 使依附；贴上；系上；使依恋commercially adv. 商业上；通商上expectation n. 期待；预期；指望manage vt. 管理；经营；控制；设法 vi. 处理；应付过去obstacle n. 障碍，干扰；妨害物 relatively adv. 相当地；相对地，比较地sample n. 样品；样本；例子 adj. 试样的，样品的；作为例子的 vt. 取样；尝试；抽样检查sensitive adj. 敏感的；感觉的； n. 敏感的人；shelved v. 搁置（shelve的过去分词）；逐渐倾斜；使上架 adj. 搁置的；废置不用的崇明县available adj. 可获得的；可购得的;psychological adj. 心理的；心理学的；精神上的 timely adj. 及时的；适时的 adv. 及时地；早estimate n. 估计，估价；判断，看法 vt. 估计，估量；判断，评价 vi. 估计，估价 distract vt. 转移；分心express n. 快车，快递，专使；捷运公司 vt. 表达；快递 adj. 明确的；迅速的；专门的 inaccurate adj. 错误的 trend n. 趋势，倾向；走向 vt. 使趋向 vi. 趋向，伸向 therapist n. 临床医学家；治疗学家 address n. 地址；演讲；致辞；说话的技巧；称呼 vt. 演说；从事；recall n. 召回；回忆；撤消 vt. 召回；回想起，记起；取消奉贤区reflectionn. 反射；沉思；映象implyvt. 意味；暗示；隐含interruptn. 中断 vt. 中断；打断；插嘴；妨碍 vi. 打断；打扰thoughtful adj. 深思的；体贴的；关切的instructionconflictn. 冲突，矛盾；斗争；争执 vi. 冲突，抵触；争执；战斗青浦区generous adj. 慷慨的，大方的；宽宏大量的；有雅量的financially adv. 财政上；金融上substitute n. 代用品；代替者 vi. 替代 vt. 代替boost n. 推动；帮助；宣扬 vi. 宣扬；偷窃 vt. 促进；增加；支援visible n. 可见物；进出口贸易中的有形项目 adj. 明显的；看得见的；现有的；可得到的seeminglyadv. 看来似乎；表面上看来徐汇区overtake vt. 赶上；压倒；突然来袭 vi. 超车promise n. 许诺，允诺；希望 vt. 允诺，许诺；给人以的指望或希望 vi. 许诺；有指望，有前途 likelihood n. 可能性，可能 ridiculous adj. 可笑的；荒谬的reasonable adj. 合理的，公道的；通情达理的 trend n. 趋势，倾向；走向 vt. 使趋向 vi. 趋向，伸向track n. 轨道；足迹，踪迹；小道 vt. 追踪；通过；循路而行；用纤拉 vi. 追踪；走；留下足迹demonstratevt. 证明；展示；论证 vi. 示威虹口区publicly adv. 公然地；以公众名义inadequate adj. 不充分的，不适当的disappointment n. 失望；沮丧闵行区access n. 进入；使用权；通路 vt. 使用；存取；接近convey vt. 传达；运输；让与condition n. 条件；情况；环境；身份 vt. 决定；使适应；使健康；以为条件superior n. 上级，长官；优胜者，高手；长者 adj. 上级的；优秀的，出众的；高傲的专题练习 例 1. A. untraditional B. referred C. awards D. framed AB. critic AC. coversAD. gesture BC. count BD. tending CD. genius ABC. recognizingEach year, the bright light of the Nobel Prize in literature falls across our cultural canvas and illuminates the work of a major writer.While 41_of previous years have gone to writers of prose, poetry and drama the Swedish Academy, which awards the prize, announced on Oct. 13 that American singer Bob Dylan, 75, was this years winner. However, the prize wasnt given for his 2004 self-penned autobiography but “for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition.”It is certainly a(n) 42_choice. According to Steve Johnson of the Chicago Tribune, arts awards have almost always exclusively had an inherent bias toward so-called “high culture”, a category 43_ not to include people who got their start singing in coffeehouses.With that said, the Swedish Academy has made a bold 44_ to expand the definition of “literature”. It has, effect, opened the doors to popular culture, often 45_ to as “low culture”.We live in a world where people who read comic books, watch television shows, listen to podcasts and pop music, are often also those who enjoy poetry and opera. And the Nobel, in 46 _ Dylans work as literature, acknowledges that artists create works of popular culture with just as much care, control, courage and 47_ as Ernest Hemingway did sitting down at his typewriter.Dylan experts can battle over whether or not the singer indeed writes poetry- he was given the prize for his lyrics and music.If music and lyrics count as literature, as plays have done, could not other forms? Could we, someday, see a Nobel in literature go to US TV producers David Simon, Japanese animator Hayao Miyazaki, or even US singer Beyonce?As Los Angeles Times pop music 48_ Robert Hilburn said about Dylans work: “Hes great cultural figure because of his words and his ideas.” And for all the flash and bang of any performed art or filmed project, its the words that 49 _, wrote Carolyn Kellogg of the Los Angeles Times.American TV series Breaking Bad (2008-2013) didnt exist without US actor Bryan Cranstons brilliant performance-but he couldnt have gotten there without the words on the page.Dylans Nobel says that words dont have to be bound within 50. _ to be literature. Its possible the Swedish Academy will back off its radical choice. But for now, literature is all around us. Read it, listen to it or watch it.例2.A. fertilization B. restored C. surface D. contained AB. growth AC. bears AD. extinct BC. waste BD. float CD. determines ABC. consists Most plants reproduce by forming seeds. Flowering plants usually produce seeds that are 51. _ in fruits. The scientific name for such a plan is angiosperm (被子植物). The fruit covering makes seeds more likely to be scattered over a wide area by animals, wind, or water. A plant that grows in many area is less likely to become 52. _ than one that grows in only one area. The fruit of an angiosperm is not necessarily something that people can eat. In this case, the word fruit simply refers to the mass of plant tissue that surrounds the send. Some angiosperm fruits are actually poisonous.Angiosperms depend on male and female flower parts to produce their seeds and fruits. At the center of the flower is the pistil, a female part that 53_ of a long column with a round base called an ovary (子房). Inside the ovary are the tiny ovules (胚珠) that become seeds if they are fertilized. 54_occurs when pollen from a stamen, a male flower parts, joins the ovule inside the ovary. Pollen that reaches the tip of the pistil grows a long tube down into the ovary. Once pollen joins the ovule inside the ovary, a seed begins to form, the ovary becomes fruits, and the other flower parts wither and die.The form of a fruit 55_ the manner in which seeds are scattered. For example, birds and other animals may eat soft, fleshy fruits, such as berries. These animals deposit the seeds in their 56_, usually far from the parent plants. Some hard-shelled fruits that 57_- such as coconuts- are carried by water to faraway regions. Some other types of fruits rely on the wind to scatter their seeds. The milkweed 58. _ fruit in the form of dry seedpods that grow until they burst. Once the seedpods burst, hundreds of seeds, each attached to many light, silken threads, are carried off by the wind.No matter how much angiosperm fruits and seeds may differ, each seed contains the same blueprint for 59. _. Under the right conditions, the tiny embryo within the seed grows into a new plant. The embryo is made up of a root, a shoot, and one or two seed-leaves called cotyledons (子叶), which provide food for the sprouting plant. As the seed spouts, the root anchors the seeding in the earth, and the shoot grows up through the soil. As soon as the seeding penetrates the soils 60. _, it begins to grow its first true leaves. 练习练习1(华师大三附中阅读能力测试）A. cropped B. home C. desirable D. issue E. illegalF. scene G. present H. worsening I. urban J. endure K. disturbed If this summer you pay a visit to Milan, the fashion center of Italy, make sure youre not caught eating ice cream in the streets after midnight as doing so is now _31_.A new law was passed by Milans city council banning the sale of take-away food and drinks after midnight in some districts which are famous for their nightlife _32_. The purpose of this unusual move is, according to the city council, to discourage night gathering in downtown areas. The law inevitably has given rise to a number of protests, accusing that the government has _33_ peoples normal lives. However, if you take into consideration the countrys _34_ economy and its high unemployment rate, the local governments fear of night assemblingmay be reasonable.In fact, Milans law is only the strangest of a host of restrictions on nightlife that have _35_ up in European cities recently. Madrids city center was declared a low-noise zone last September and the city council has been refusing to _36_ bar and club licenses ever since.Why do European cities deal so strictly with nightlife? It may be because Europes population is getting older and can no longer _37_ late night activities within the neighborhood. In the past, bars and clubs bloomed in European city centers, which were _38_ to working class populations. But gradually, these people began to move out of the city centers and into the suburbs. Only the wealthy and the upper-class people can afford to live in _39_ centers now. But these people dont go to bars and clubs to socialize. Instead, they consider fun-seekers who wander in their neighborhoods annoying. They also worry that bars and clubs will make their neighborhoods less _40_ and devalue their housing property.练习2（周浦中学2017学年第一学期高一期中考试）A. reasons B.really C.farmers D.express AB.shelter AC.huntersAD.pleasant BC.supplied BD.warm CD.discovered ABC.brightnessThe earliest men did not have much time for art; they faced many dangers and hunting for food tookupalmost all their time. But after many thousands of years, perhaps a million years or more they became very good _31_and thatgave them a little free time which they could use for other things. A few of them began to paint on the walls of the caves where they lived. Many early artists painted animalsbecause these were the most important things in their lives.Animals_32_food to keep them living and skins to keep them 33.Like painters today theearlyartists possiblypainted for many_34_Perhaps they wanted to givetheir cave a little _35_ and colour; perhaps they had a few special ideas which they could _36_ most easily in a paintingand perhaps they justwanted to spend a little time in a_37_ way. Many of thembelivedmagic，and they often drew animals which they caught. They hopedthat by drawing these things they would make them38appear.People have _39_cave painting in many parts of the world. The earliest that we know about are in Europe. Because of the coldweather the earliest men in Europe used the caves for _40_in many warmer parts of the world this was not necessary. We know a lot about thedatesof the Europeanpaintings and we believe that the earliestoneswerepainted about thirty thousand years ago.阅读综合练习II. Reading Comprehension Section A(15*2=30)With your workload growing, you may be telling yourself a vacation is one luxury you cant afford. But the _(41)_ is that you cant afford not to take one. A vacation _(42)_ you the opportunity to recharge your physical and motional _(43)_, disconnect from everyday concerns, and return to work rested and _(44)_. Some facts have proved employees are more _(45)_ after a vacation than before one. Here are some tips for you to plan your vacation to make sure that your time away from the office is worry free.Time is right. A Robert Half survey shows that July and August are the most _(46)_ months for employees to take a break because these months offer ideal beach weather and many businesses _(47)_ during this time. When planning your vacation, remember to _(48)_ any activity that your department will be focused on during that time. _(49)_, if a big task is planned for the summer, you may consider _(50)_ your trip until the fall.Turn to others for _（51)_. Ask trusted colleagues to handle your projects while youre away. Your supervisor can help you determine who is the most qualified for a particular task.Let your contacts know. Give colleagues and customers you frequently work with a few weeks notice before you start off. This will give them enough time to plan for your _(52)_.Conduct a _(53)_ review. Before you leave, make sure there is plenty of room in your e-mail inbox so you dont exceed your _(54)_ limit while youre out of the office, which might prevent you from sending messages when you return.In short, taking vacation is necessary and beneficial for your job. But you must plan your vacation _(55)_ in order to be work free and worry free on holiday.41. A. ruleB. reasonC. truthD. risk42. A. enablesB. providesC. confirms D. allows43. A. musclesB. batteriesC. standardsD. memories44. A. refreshedB. exhaustedC. identifiedD. excluded45. A. sensitiveB. stressfulC. desperateD. productive46. A. favorableB. elaborateC. challengingD. flexible47. A. clear upB. take over C. slow downD. shootup48. A. take charge of B. take into accountC. take up forD. take advantage of49. A. Whats more B. For instanceC. OtherwiseD. However50. A. postponingB. extendingC. stretchingD. adapting51. A. evaluationB. possessionC. assistanceD. recommendation52. A. participationB. sakeC. absenceD. benefit53. A. historicalB. neutralC. resistantD. technical54. A. memoryB. storageC. terminalD. supply55. A. casuallyB. objectivelyC. properlyD. readilySection B(8*3=24)London has become a cycle friendly zone after the launch of a new bike hire scheme. It has been designed to encourage more people to cycle in and around central London.So how does it work？First you have to sign up to the scheme to be sent a key. The key will unlock one of the bikes，which are kept at docking stations in and around central London. You have to pay an access fee for the key and then you pay as you go for the length of time you use the bike.Transport for London, which runs the scheme，are hoping to have 6,000 bikes and 400 docking stations in place by the end of the year. The new hire system is hoping to ease congestion (拥挤) in London and is expected to create up to 40,000 extra cycle trips a day into the city centre. London Mayor Boris Johnston launched the scheme and said London had been “filled with thousands of gleaming machines that will transform the look and feel of our streets and become as commonplace on our roads as black cabs and red buses”.However，there have been a few problems since the scheme was launched last Friday. On the first day some people found they couldnt dock their bike properly and their usage of the bike had not been registered. Transport for London did admit they had been expecting a few “teething problems” and have said they wouldnt charge for the first day as a “gesture of goodwill”. Some other people have criticized the lack of docking stations and locks for the bikes as well as the price it costs to hire the bicycles.Despite the comments，the green-thinking London Mayor still seems very positive about things, saying, “My campaign for the capital to become the greatest big cycling city in the world has taken a big pedal-powered push forwards.”56. London Mayor Boris Johnston launched the new bike scheme in order to _.A. reduce the air pollution of the city B. encourage the citizens to take exercisesC. deal with the citys traffic problemsD. increase employment opportunities57.If you want to hire a bike, what would you do first?A. Pay for the bike according to the time you use it.B. Pay for the key to a bike.C. Cycle in an