Unit 1 A land of diversity 教案

Unit 1 A land of diversity. 单元教学目标技能目标Skill GoalsTalk about the USATalk about (going) places Learn the words about the USALearn how to ask questions and make commentsLearn the usage of the Noun ClausesWrite an introduction to places Study the culture and people of the USA. 目标语言功 能 句 式Talk about (going) places Where have you visited recently? When did people first live there?What is the climate like? Why is it so warm / cold / dry / wet there?Whats the population of.?How many nationalities live there?What did you think about the people? What is the most important festival there? How do they celebrate it?What other interesting things did you see?Thats interesting / terrific / marvelous / cool / lovely / beautiful, wonderful!Youre exciting / wonderful. Good / Creative /Fantastic / Super job!词 汇1 四会词汇Strait distinct Arctic means majority ministry Catholic hardship elect federal rail percentage Italy Denmark boom aircraft Korea Korean Pakistan immigration racial crossing vice nephew pole applicant customs socialist occur cattle indicate luggage shave tram apparent apparently brake conductor slip bakery ferry hire seagull angle nowhere punishment justice mourn civil authority reform grasp thankful insert2认读词汇illustrate, Alaska, prehistoric, immigrant, Hollywood, Laotian, conqueror, cable, Andrew, wharf, Alcatraz3词组Live on, the Arctic, by means of, make a life, keep up, back to back, team up with, mark out, take in a great/good many, apply for结 构Learn to use the Noun Clauses重点句子1. However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California. P22. Of the first Spanish to go to., the majority were. P23. That is why. P24. Some died or returned home, but. P25. Although Chinese immigrants., it was the building of. P26. It is believed that before long. P37. Built in 1873. was invented by. P88. Its a. that takes in. P89. He was noticed by. and to find. P5110. He spoke publicly about., using his fame to help. P51. 教材分析和教材重组1. 教材分析本单元以“地域文化”为主题, 旨在通过单元教学，使学生了解有关美国地理方面的知识；学习加利福尼亚州的简介，使学生对美国的文明史略见一斑；通过阅读名人传记，研究美国的民族文化，使学生对美国有全方位的认识，掌握有关美国的历史、地理、文化、民族等方面的词汇；学会运用名词性从句等语法知识，并通过相关练习，提高学生的语言运用能力；通过阅读一篇图文并茂的美国游记，学会书写电子邮件或明信片，介绍某一名胜古迹和人文景观；通过学习、探究我国少数民族地区的多种文化，以及撰写我国某一城市、省份或地区的简介，加深对祖国地域文化的了解，提高写作能力。 本单元旨在通过对世界各地的名胜古迹、风土人情的研究与学习，丰富学生的世界地域文化知识，开扩视野，培养他们热爱祖国、热爱大自然、保护名胜古迹、造福人类的高尚情操。1.1 Warming Up要求学生查阅美国地图，讨论有关美国地理方面的知识，为下一步的学习做好热身准备。1.2 Pre-reading要求学生讨论有关加利福尼亚州的几张图片，了解当地风土人情、民俗文化。1.3 Reading主要介绍了加利福尼亚州人口及民族、种族构成、融合、变迁的历史。通过学习，使学生了解加州不仅是美国人口最多的州，同时也是民族、种族最多、文化最为多元的州。1.4 Comprehending要求学生在理解课文的基础上，写出发生在加州的重大历史事件，并分析讨论新世纪加州为什么会成为多种文化交织的共同体的原因。1.5 Learning about Language由Discovering useful words and expressions和Discovering useful structures两部分组成。并设计了词性转换、用课文中所学习的重点词汇填空、补全对话等练习。1.6 Using Language由Reading and writing, Listening and speaking组成，通过对学生听说读写综合能力培养，要求学生在了解相关知识的基础上，阅读并改写部分游记；想象自己在某地度假，给朋友发一封电子邮件或寄一张贺卡介绍该地区的相关情况。1.7 SUMMING UP 要求学生总结本单元所学的词汇、结构、话题等知识和内容。1.8 LEARNING TIP从对话时应该注意的问题这一角度，对学生进行学法指导。2教材重组2.1 Warming Up, Pre-reading, Reading和Comprehending四部分，都是关于美国加利福尼亚州简介的内容，整合为一节精读课。2.2 Reading课文中的重点词汇和短语及长难句分析的学习，是一节语言点学习课。 2.3 Learning about Language中的Discovering useful words and expressions的学习。2.4 Learning about Language中的Discovering useful structures，是有关名词性从句的用法的讲解与练习，是一节语法课。2.5 Using Language中的Reading and writing, Listening and speaking，都是与假日旅游相关的知识，整合为一节综合课（I）。2.6 单独做一个Writing课时，介绍如何描写一个地方。（二）3. 课型设计与课时分配1st PeriodReading 2nd PeriodLanguage points3rd Period Language study4th Period Grammar 5th Period Using Language 6th Period Writing. 分课时教案The First Period ReadingTeaching goals教学目标1. Ability goals能力目标Enable the students to talk about the history of California.2. Learning ability goals 学能目标Enable the students learn how to talk about the history of California. Teaching important points 教学重点Enable the students learn how to talk about the important events in Californian history.Teaching difficult points教学难点Enable the students to explain the reasons why California is such a multicultural community in the 21st century.Teaching methods教学方法Skimming, scanning and discussion.Teaching aids教具准备A recorder, a computer, a projector and some pictures.Teaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式Step Lead-inIntroduce some knowledge about American flag, The White House, The Statue of Liberty to students.Step Warming upAsk the students to turn to page 1 and look at the map of the USA and talk about it in groups of 4. Then write on the map the names of the oceans, countries, mountain ranges, lakes, rivers and big cities. At last, check the answers with the whole class.Oceans Countries Mountain RangesLakes Rivers Cities EastWestNorthSouthWestEastHuron, Ontario, Michigan,Erie, SuperiorMississippiWashington, New York,Los Angeles, Chicago, Houston, Philadelphia, Miami, Atlanta, San FranciscoPacificAtlanticCanadaMexicoCascade,Coast,Brook,Alaska,RockyAppalachianAsk students to complete the passage about what they have learned about America. The USA lies in _, bordering both the _ Ocean and the _ Ocean, between _ and _. There are _ states in the US. Forty-eight of them are in the single region, while _ and _ are not contiguous with any of the other states. Keys: the North American, Atlantic, Pacific, Canada, Mexico, fifty, Alaska, HawaiiStep Pre-reading1. Ask students if they have a chance to go to the USA, where they prefer to visit, California or Washington DC or other cities and the reason.2. Show students some beautiful pictures of California.3. Introduce some knowledge about California to students.It has an area of 411,000 square kilometers. And it is one of the American states of the largest population, with the most developed economy. California is amazing. The pleasant weather, long beach and graceful natural landscape make the tourism prosperous.4. Show students three pictures on page 2, 3 and ask them to think about “How is each picture relevant to the history of California?”Native Americans one of the first people to live in California.Gold miners the discovery of gold in California created a gold rush which brought people from all over the world to California. A building in Chinatown, San Francisco Many Chinese have settled in California and many of them live in Chinatown in San Francisco.5. Ask students to finish the quiz about California.1 California is the _ largest state in the USA.A. third B. second C. fourth D. fifth2 California, a state in the western USA, borders _.A. the Pacific Ocean B. the Indian Ocean C. the Atlantic Ocean D. the Arctic Ocean3 _ is Californias largest and the nations second largest city.A. Sacramento B. Los AngelesC. San Diego D. San Francisco4 Californias official nickname is the _.A. Sunflower State B. Golden StateC. Land of Opportunity D. Evergreen State5 _ has the largest population in the USA.A. California B. Alaska C. Washington D. Texas6 California entered the Union on September 9th 1850, as the _ state.A. thirtieth B. thirty-eighth C. thirty-second D. thirty-firstKeys: AABBADStep ReadingSkimmingIn this part, the students will read the text again and try to get the main idea.The text is about the brief _ of California, which focuses on the settlement of the state. historyCareful Reading1. Ask students to read the text carefully and fill in the blanks. Show the form with blanks on the screen.CALIFORNIANativeAmericans They are said to have lived in California for over 1. _ years, who crossed the Bering Strait by means of a(n) 2. _. In the 16th century, many native people were killed or forced into 3. _ by the 4. _ and many died from the diseases brought by them.Spanish The Spanish first arrived in South America in the early 5. _ century. Most of the first Spanish to go to California were 6. _ men.Russians In the early 19th century, Russian 7. _ began settling in California. Today there are about 25, 000 8. _ living in and around San Francisco.Gold miners In 1848, 9. _ was discovered in California, which attracted people from all over the world. The first to arrive were South Americans and people from the US, followed by adventurers from 10. _ and Asia.Later arrivals Chinese began to arrive during the 11. _ Period, and even more came in the 1860s. Italians, mainly 12. _ but also wine makers, arrived in the late 19th century. In 1911 immigrants from 13. _ established a town of their own. In the 1920s the film industry boom attracted many Europeans including many 14. _ people. Japanese 15. _ began arriving in California in the early 20th century, and a lot more have settled there since the 1980s. Africans have been living in California since the 16. _, and more arrived between 1942 and 1945 to work in the 17. _ and aircraft industries.Recent arrivals In recent decades, more people have come to California from 18. _, including Koreans, Cambodians, Vietnamese and Laotians. Since the 1970s, 19. _ and Pakistanis have been attracted to California by its 20. _ industry.Keys:15000, land bridge, slavery, Europeans, 16th, religious, hunters, Russian-Americans, gold, Europe, Gold Rush, fishermen, Denmark, Jewish, farmers, 1800s, ship, Asia, Indians, computer2. Ask students to do the True or False exercise. 1 California is the third largest state in USA but has the largest population.2 In 1848, before the American-Mexican war, gold was discovered in California. 3 The native people suffered greatly after the arrival of Europeans in the 16th century.4 Over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first language.5 In the 1800s, Russian hunters began settling in California.6 A lot of people rushing for gold lost their lives or went back home, but most of them remained in California to make a living for themselves in the new towns or on farms.7 Compared with the period of gold rush, less Chinese immigrate to California during the period of building the rail network from the west to the east coast.8 By the 1920s, the film industry was well established in California.9 It is the computer industry since its beginning in 1970s that has attracted Indians and Pakistanis to California.10 With more immigrants coming to California now and then, it is believed that before long there will be a even greater mix of nationalities in this state.Keys: TFTTTTFTTT Step V Discussion Ask students to discuss:Why is California such a multicultural community? What problems do you think might arise?Step VI HomeworkAsk the students to prepare for the word formations and collect suffixes of the nouns, verbs and adjectives.The Second Period Language pointsTeaching goals教学目标1. Target language 目标语言重点词汇和短语population, means, majority, mix, nationality, by means of, fight against, make a life, keep up 重点句子 Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or secondlanguage. Although Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period, it was the building of the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s. In more recent decades, California has become home to more people from Asia, including Koreans, Cambodians, Vietnamese and Laotians.2. Ability goals能力目标Enable the students to master the language points in the reading part. 3. Learning ability goals 学能目标Help the students learn the use of the important words and expressions Teaching important points 教学重点Get the students to master the important words and phrases.Teaching difficult points教学难点Get the students to understand the sentences. Teaching methods教学方法Study individually, practice in groups.Teaching aids教具准备A computer and a recorder.Teaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式Step words and phrases 1. California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population. population(1) 对人口提问用what, 不用 how many, how much。e.g. Whats the population of the city? 这个城市有多少人口？(2) population作主语时用单数，但前有分数，小数，百分数时，谓语动词用复数。e.g. The population of China is larger than that of America. 中国人口比美国人口多。 80% of the population are farmers. 百分之80的人口是农民。(3) 人口的增加或减少用grow (increase) 和fall (decrease); 人口的多少用large和small。 2. Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. 科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史前时代曾经存在的一条大陆桥穿越北 极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。a. 本句的主句是Scientists believe，从句是that引导的宾语从句。b. 宾语从句中which引导定语从句，修饰先行词_。land bridgemeans n. 方式, 手段(单复数相同)。e.g. The quickest means of travel is by plane. Every possible means has been tried, but none has worked. Are there any possible means of getting there? Some means are practical while others are not. 联想记忆：1) by no means 决不，一点也不 e.g. She is by no means poor; in fact, she is very rich.2) by this means (in this way) 用这种方式 by means of 用方式 e.g. He succeeded by means of hard work.3) by all means 当然可以, 没问题e.g. - Can I see it? - By all means.3. Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, majority n. 大多数 e.g. The majority were / was for the plan. 1) the majority of the people: most of the people 大多数人2) majority常与a /the 连用; most后接名词或 of + n.e.g. The majority of the people / Most people/ Most of the people are against the idea of building a new factory here. 单独做主语时，若强调整体，谓语动词用单数，强调个体时，谓语动词用复数。a / the majority of + n. 后可用不可数名词，也可用可数名词复数，谓语动词由后面的名词决定。 The majority _ for the budget. was/ wereThe majority of students _ hard-working. are The majority of the damage _ easy to repair. Is4. Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century when they fought against the native people and took their land. 16世纪早期, 西班牙士兵到达南美洲, 这时同土著人作斗争并占领这片土地。辨析: fight for, fight against & fight withfight for 为事业, 自由, 真理, 权利等而斗争(战斗)e.g. They are fighting for freedom. 他们正为自由而战。fight against (可用with) the enemy “为反对而斗争”；接人和国家名词， 意思是“与战斗”fight with sb. 也可表示与某人并肩作战5. Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship. 有的人死了，有的人回家了，但是大部分人留在了加利福尼亚，尽管遇到了很大的困难，也开始了新的生活。make a life 开始新的生活e.g. They go to big cities to make a life.关于 life的短语：earn / make / get a living 谋生lead / live a . life 过着.的生活6. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, 人们认为很快民族就会大融合在一起，从而没有了非常明显的主要种族或文化群体之分。分析 a. it is believed that . 表示“人们认为 ”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。b. so . that . 如此以至于，其中 that引导结果状语从句。mix vt. / vi. 混合、掺和 (combine so that they cant be separated)mix A with B 1) He mixed red paint with yellow paint to make orange paint. 2) It is better to mix work with pleasure. 3) Oil doesnt mix with water. 联想记忆： mixture n. 混合物 mixed adj. 混合的, 复杂的, 男女混合的e.g. The city is a mixture of ancient and modern buildings. Hearing the news, I had mixed feelings. A mixed society includes people of different classes, tastes, etc. nationality 国籍, 民族 1) What is your nationality? Im Chinese.2) to take American nationality 加入美国国籍7. , which today still keeps up their Danish culture.阅读下列句子，观察keep up在句中的意思。1) Today the people in the village still keep up their original culture. 沿袭（风俗、传统等）2) The snowstorm kept up for five days. 保持，持续3) Those houses are so strongly built that they would keep up even in a violent earthquake. 保住4) I see youre getting along well with your English studies. Splendid! You must keep up the good work. 坚持，维持联想keep up with 跟上，不落在后面；了解；保持联系keep off 挡住；（使）避开 keep on 继续（干）；坚持（干）They could not keep up with us when we climbed the mountain.爬山的时候，他们跟不上我们。She held an old piece of cloth over them both to keep the rain off.她把一块旧布料披在他们身上挡雨。You just have to keep on trying.Step II Sentences 1. Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. 分析 a. 本句是一个主从复合句, 也是个倒装句。b. 主句是 _, 从句是when引导的宾语从句。no one really knows c. 在宾语从句中, what引导的从句作介词in的宾语。考点 exactly精确地，恰好，完全。可构成not exactly，表示“一点也不，不完全是”。2. However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. 考点 此句中的it是形式主语, 真正的主语是后面的that从句。另外, what, how, where, who等也常用作主语从句的引导词。 3. That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language. 考点 why在此引导表语从句。表语从句也可由what, where, when等引导。 4. Although Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period, it was the building of the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s. 虽然中国移民在淘金热时期就开始到来了, 但是更大批量的中国移民却是在19世纪60年代为修建贯穿美国东西海岸的铁路而来的。 点拨 此句为主从复合句, 从句为although引导的让步状语从句, 主句为 it was . that强调句, 用来强调主语the building of .。如： It was be