广东省深圳市文汇中学八年级英语上册 Module 3 Culture and history Unit 6 Ancient stories P3 Grammar课件 （新版）牛津深圳版.ppt

grammar unit6ancientstories 1 tolearnthepresentperfecttensewithsinceandfor2 tolearnthedifferencesbetweenthepresentperfecttenseandthesimplepasttense objectives thepresentperfecttensewithsinceandfor 1 theyhavetriedtocaptureourcityfortenyears 2 ihaven tlaughedlikethissincemychildhood 3 i vebeenbusysinceicameback 4 ithasbeenrainingsincemorning 5 wehaveknowneachotherfortwentyyears 6 ihaven tseenherforalongtime havealk they tocaptureourcity tenyears 2 i likethis mychildhood 3 i icameback 4 it morning 5 we eachother twentyyears 6 i her alongtime havetried for haven tlaughed since vebeenbusy since hasbeenrainingsince haveknown for haven tseen for go ready 1 i thisbookfortwoweeks ihavetoreturnitnow a borrowedb haveborrowedc keptd havekept2 thegreens manyplacesofinterestsincetheycametochina a willvisitb visitedc havevisitedd visit 以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解 下面就让我们根据之前练习的考察情况进一步选择讲解该语法项的重难点 当用现在完成时谈论一直持续到现在的动作或情况时 常与 for 一段时间 或 since 过去某个时间点 的时间状语连用 for 一段时间 意为 到现在为止 时间 如foralongtime for10years等等 since 过去某个时间点 意为 自 以来 如sinceaugust2003 sinceyesterday sincetwoo clock等 一 现在完成时和 for 一段时间 连用时 要注意以下几点 瞬间动词不能与 for 一段时间 连用表示动作的连续性 应改用持续性动词 如 hehasleftforfiveminutes hehasbeenawayforfiveminutes 瞬间动词的否定形式可以与 for 一段时间 连用 说明某个动作不发生的状态已持续了一段时间 如 ihaven tmethimforyears 瞬间动词表示短暂的动作 如come go leave start begin become receive die等 而持续性动词表示能持续一段时间的动作 如work stay leave live learn等 瞬间动词 持续性动词 二 现在完成时和 since 过去某个时间点 连用时 要注意以下几点 持续性动词与 since 过去某个时间点 连用表示持续的动作和状态 瞬间动词的否定形式与 since 过去某个时间点 连用表示某动作不发生的状态已经持续了一段时间 如 ihavewaitedhereforyousince2o clock ihaven theardfromhimsincemarch since后除了可跟表示过去某个时间点的名词或名词短语构成时间状语外 也可引导时间状语从句 且从句中的谓语动词通常用一般过去时 如 helenhasnotbeenbacktoherprimaryschoolsincesheleft 注意 for和since不能同时使用 如 alicehaslivedinbeijingfortwentyyearssince1993 1 少数瞬间动词可以转换为其相应的持续性动词 如 borrow have haskept buy have hashad2 有些瞬间动词可以用相应的介词短语 形容词 副词或名词与be的现在完成时连用 表示状态的延续 如 瞬间动词与持续性动词的转换 瞬间动词转换为表持续的动词或者表状态的短语后即可在现在完成时中与表示一段时间的状语连用 arrivein at have hasbeenin at join have hasbeenin或have hasbeenamemberof die have hasbeendead leave have hasbeenaway begin start have hasbeenon end finish have hasbeenover hansisfromhamburgingermany heistalkingtodoris readtheirconversationandanswerthequestions p87 1 wheredoeshanslive he in 2 howlonghashanslivedinhamburg he there 3 howlonghasdorislivedinshanghai she there 4 wherewasdorisborn she a1 lives hamburg haslived since1996 haslived for14years wasborninshanghai dorisistalkingaboutherself readwhatshesaysandthendecidewhetherthefollowingsentencesaret true orf false correctanyfalseones p88 1 dorishaslivedinshanghaiforfouryears 2 shehasstudiedatnewpointjuniorhighschoolsinceseptember2010 3 shehasbeeninthescienceclubsincenovember2011 4 shehasbeeninthevolleyballclubfortwomonths a2 fourteen 2011 一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情 强调动作 现在完成时为过去发生的 强调过去的事情对现在的影响 强调的是影响 简言之 如果同时考虑过去和现在 就用现在完成时 如果不考虑现在 就不用现在完成时 如 现在完成时与一般过去时 now past future 现在完成时 一般过去时 shehasjusthadherlunch 她刚吃过午饭 表示她现在不饿 shehadherlunchtwohoursago 她两小时前吃了午饭 仅说明事实 不知道她现在饿不饿 现在完成时通常不与表示过去时间的词语连用 如yesterday lastweek then threeyearsago in1980等 如 ihavevisitedthebundinshanghaiyesterday lastweek threeyearsago in1980 如果与表示 到现在为止的某个 任意时间 的词语连用 如ever before never yet recently already lately等 通常用现在完成时 如 ihaveneverseenthatfilm ihavereadthebookrecently 如果考虑的是 到现在为止 的一段时间 通常使用现在完成时 如果考虑的是一个已经过去的时间 就用一般过去时 如 youhavehelpedmealot 你已经帮了我很多忙了 到目前为止 mygrandmothertookgoodcareofme 我奶奶曾悉心地照顾我 在她活着的时候 havegone left came havetried havewon haveleft didn ttake readthefollowingconversationbetweenthecaptainandasoldierfromthestory thetrojanhorse completeitwiththecorrecttensesoftheverbsinbrackets p89 b1 went opened bought neverbeen have visited haveseen haveread bought completethediarybelowwiththecorrecttensesoftheverbsinbrackets p89 b2 review 含有since或for引导的时间状语的现在完成时 现在完成时和一般过去时在含义和用法上的区别 1 i work intheschoolsincei move herein2006 2 thesmiths go toshanghaiin2008 they be theresincethen 3 shenzhen be asmalltowninthepast butnowit become alargemoderncity 4 i already write thearticle i finish ityesterday 5 i see thefilmsoyoungyesterday didyou i notsee ityet i 用所给单词的适当形式填空 haveworked moved went havebeen was hasbecome have written finished saw haven tseen 1 youever america yes ihave a have gonetob have goneinc have beentod have beenin2 mybrother collegeforoverthreeyears a hasgonetob hasbeentoc hasbeenind hasbeenat ii 单项选择 3 you thetextyet yes we ittwohoursago a did copy didb have copied havec have copied didd did copy had4 why she angry becausehe atherjustnow a did get shoutedb has got shoutedc did get hasshoutedd has got hasshouted 5 you thefilmbefore where you it a have seen did seeb did see did watchc have seen have seend did see have seen6 we treeslastsunday sofarwe over3 000treesthere a planted plantedb planted haveplantedc haveplanted plantedd haveplanted haveplanted 7 ihaveseenthefilm titanic already when you it thedaybeforeyesterday a have seenb will seec did seed did seen8 mrblack inchinasincefiveyearsago a livedb haslivedc livesd isgoingtolive 9 hehas thewatchforayear a buyb boughtc haved had10 herbrother thepartysince1978 a joinedb hasjoinedc hasbeenind wasin11 thebookshop foreightyears a hasbeenopenb hasbeenopenedc hasopenedd hasopen iii 按要求改写下列句子 每空一词 1 ihavebeeninhongkongfortwodays 对划线部分提问 beeninhongkong 2 thegirlbegantolearnenglishfiveyearsago 改为同义句 thegirl english fiveyears 3 thegirlhasbeenanursesincesheleftschool 对划线部分提问 thegirlbeenanurse howlonghaveyou haslearnt for howlonghas 4