上海市六校2018届高三12月联考英语试题.docx

此文档收集于网络，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除上海市六校2018届高三12月联考英语试题2017学年第一学期高三联合调研II. Grammar and VocabularyHow to Find Happiness without Buying it? Our materialistic society has led us to believe that happiness cannot be obtained without having money. Rather than learning to be satisfied with what we have, we _21_ (teach)to want more. We learn from advertising, and from the media, _22_ we need to buy trinkets and toys in order to make ourselves happy, or _23_ (fulfill) emotional needs, and that the purchases they are trying to talk us into will provide us with the psychological comfort we are looking for. Unfortunately, as a society we have bought into these _24_ (misguide)messages and have come to believe that _25_ (spend) money on certain items will bring us fame, fortune, happiness, beauty, or popularity. As a result, we trade hours of our lives working, sacrificing time that _26_ have been spent with our families, _27_ the pursuit of the almighty dollar. Actually, there are a number of ways to enjoy life without the need for a great deal of money. For example, Think about _28_ you would spend your time, and what you would do for enjoyment. Change your focus from material possessions to _29_ that bring you enjoyment, such as spending quality time with your family and friends. Certainly, it is important to work and earn enough to provide for our basic needs and the needs of our families, but it is important to recognize when the desire for personal possessions becomes overly consuming, _30_ otherwise will upset a balance between a satisfying work life and a rich home life. The best way to achieve such a balance is to ensure the drive for material possessions does not become all consuming.【答案】aretaught；that；tofulfill；misguided；spending；could；for；how；others；which【分析】21.考查时态语态，句子缺谓语，teachsb，但是这里teach没有宾语，所以用被动。22.考查连词，这是个宾语从句，从句不缺成分以及没有疑问意思，所以用that23.考查非谓语，前面有个or，表示并列，所以跟前面的tomake并列，所以填tofulfill24.考查非谓语，做后面messages的前置定语，表示被动，所以填done的形式25.考查非谓语，spend动名词在从句中的主语26.考查情态动词，that后面是个从句，动词原形前考虑情态动词，根据句意，填写could27.考查介词，后面是个名词短语，想到介词，根据句意填写for，表示为了28.考查连词，thinkabout后面是个宾语从句，根据句意是填写how29.考查代词，from.to.,根据这个短语判断填写名词，但是不可以，所以想到代词，根据句意填写others30.考查连词，这里which指代前面整句句子SectionBA.addiction B.downward C.access D.unfair E.urged F.essential G.analytical H.forcedI.reliance J.criticized K.fall A pen has always been a(n) (31) _tool when it comes to taking exams. However, in this digital age, this traditional tool may become a thing of the past. Cambridge University in Britain is considering ending 800 years of written exams and allowing students to use laptops(手提电脑) or iPads to take exams instead. The move comes after Cambridge teachers complained that students handwriting is becoming too hard to recognize. The (32)_ in being able to write neatly could largely be down to the (33)_ on laptops in lectures and elsewhere. There has definitely been a (34)_ trend. It is difficult for both the students and the examiners as it is harder and harder to read these scripts, Sarah Pearsall, a senior lecturer at the university, told The Telegraph. As a result, more and more students with poor handwriting are being (35)_ to return to university during the summer holidays to read their answers aloud to university administrators. However, some (36)_ the move, fearing the handwritten word would become a lost art. Tracey Trussell, a handwriting expert at the British Institute of Graphologists, (37)_ Cambridge tomake sure that students continue to write by hand, particularly in lectures. She told The Telegraph that writing by hand could help students improve their memory and understand lessons better. Meanwhile, there are also concerns that primary and secondary schools could follow Cambridge s examples. In fact, a similar plan was carried out for some first- and second-year students at Edinburgh University in the UK in 2011, reported The Scotsman. Senior officials at the university believed it was (38)_ to expect students to use pens and paper during exams when most of their coursework was done using computers. The move also echoes the opinions of Harvard professor Eric Mazur, known as the father of the flipped classroom (翻转课堂). He believed that the rise of the (39)_ to mobile internet means that we live in an age in which we don t need to memorize anything. Students should be tested on their creative and (40)_ skills, rather than the ability to remember information, he said during the Times Higher Education World Academic Summit in September.【答案】FKIBHJEDCG【分析】31.修饰tool，填形容词，指在以前笔是考试必要的工具。32.此处填名词。指的是如今越来越少的人能够书写工整了。33.此处填名词。根据介词搭配on，指是由于人们在讲座等其他地方对于笔记本电脑的依赖。34.修饰trend用形容词。表明这种慢慢用电脑取代笔考试的形式有下行的趋势。35.此处填动词过去分词，表被动。指那些书写糟糕的学生被迫在暑期来到学校将自己的答案大声读给学校领导听。36.此处填动词过去式。根据however表转折，指有些批判这一做法。37.此处填动词过去式。指专家极力规劝学生尽量采取书写，特别是在讲座中。38.此处填形容词。指对于在大多数课程中使用电脑完成作业的学生来说，期望他们考试时用纸和笔是不公平的。39.此处填名词。指随着越来越多人接触到互联网手机移动的环境，我们生活在一个不需要记忆太多的时代，因为使用网络就可以搜到。40.修饰skills用形容词，指的是测试学生的创造和分析能力。II.GrammarandVocabularySectionAIts no secret that as a population, Americans have been getting heavier, but researchers now say that our weight problem may be worse than we thought. In a study published in the journal PLOS One, lead author Dr. Eric Braverman says that our current measure of obesity (肥胖症) - body mass index, or BMI - significantly (41) _ the number of people, especially women, who are obese. Braverman and his co-author, Dr. Nirav Shah, studied 1,400 men and women, comparing their BMI measurement to their percentage of body fat, as measured by a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan. While BMI is a simple ratio of a person s height and weight, the DEXA scan- which is normally used to measure body density (密度) - can (42) _ between bone, fat and muscle mass. Based on BMI, about one-third of Americans are considered obese, but when other methods of measuring obesity are used, that number may be (43) _ to 60% according to Braverman. Physicians have complained for years that BMI is a(n) (44) _ measure of healthy weight. Extremely muscular people, (45) _ , may weigh too much for their height, since dense muscle mass weighs more than fat, thus qualifying as obese even if their bodies contain very little fat. Yet it s not extra weight itself, but excess fat that (46) _ health problems. People aren t being diagnosed as obese, so they re not being told about their risk of disease or being given (47) _ on how to improve their health, Braverman said. Data show that people who (48) _ to put on pounds are more likely to continue getting heavier, increasing their risk for a number of diseases. So why is BMI still being used, if it s not (49) _? For now, it s the best and easiest way for physicians to measure a person s healthy weight while taking into account his or her general body (50) _. DEXA scans are far too expensive to be used as a (51) _ measure during doctor s visits. BMI isn t perfect, but many experts say it s the best they have. Still, as results like Braverman s continue to (52) _, it may be time to consider other ways of tracking weight, and (53) _, body fat. It s important to point out the (54) _ of the BMI, Dr. Richard Bergman, director of Cedars Sinai s Obesity and Diabetes Research Institute in Los Angeles said. It s a poor measure of (55) _, and we do need better measures.41、A.predictsB.underestimatesC.increasesD.reduces42、A.compareB.recognizeC.identifyD.distinguish43、A.closerB.relatedC.devotedD.key44、A.importantB.imperfectC.incredibleD.uncertain45、A.forexampleB.incontrastC.inadditionD.withoutdoubt46、A.arisesfromB.owestoC.leadstoD.goesthrough47、A.viewsB.ordersC.instructionD.focus48、A.decideB.startC.hopeD.fear49、A.rightB.recognizableC.popularD.precise50、A.structureB.well-beingC.functionD.weight51、A.specialB.routineC.scientificD.decisive52、A.fillinB.runoutC.godownD.buildup53、A.inparticularB.onoccasionC.afterallD.inall54、A.mistakesB.failureC.inferiorityD.weakness55、A.healthB.bodyC.fatnessD.diseases【答案】BDABACCBDABDADC【分析】41、联系前后文，关键“ourweightproblemmaybeworsethanwethought”。说明BMI指数的测量方式低估了一些肥胖人士。A预测；C增加；D减少。42、根据后半句，意思是DEXA扫描方式可用以测量骨骼密度，精细地区分骨骼、脂肪和肌肉的各自质量。A比较；B认出，识别；C认出，鉴定。43、联系下文。指用其他方式测量后，肥胖人数会增加，接近至60%。B有关；C致力于，奉献；D关键，钥匙，答案。44、根据后文，关键“complain”。指医生一直都在抱怨BMI是有缺陷的测量方式。A重更好的方式去监测体重，特别是人体脂肪含量的测量。B有时；C毕竟；D总共。54、指重要的是，我们应该指出BMI的缺陷不足。A错误；B失败；C劣势，下等。55、A健康；B身体；D疾病。总结性语句，指BMI是有缺陷的测量方式。AB两个选项过于笼统，未突出BMI受到质疑主要是由于它对于人体脂肪的测量不够精确这个缺陷。SectionB(22分)(A)While a female politician or first lady can use her clothing to create a favorable public image, male politicians don t have as many fashion choices to play with. But Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau seems to have discovered a goldmine his socks. He s been seen wearing statement socks at many public events. For example, during a NATO(北大西洋公约组织) meeting in Brussels in May, Trudeau wore one blue sock and one pink, both with the NATO symbol printed on them. And in June, he wore a pair of socks with the pattern of maple leaves a national symbol of Canada when he appeared on a TV show. The New York Times editor Vanessa Friedman praised Trudeau s play on his socks as clever. Socks are subtle(微妙的) enough not to be distracting, but visible enough that you can t miss the point, she wrote. Rarely have a man s ankles said so much. But not all the playful socks that Trudeau wears send some kind of political message some of them are just for fun. One example is a pair he wore during a meeting with Enda Kenny, then the prime minister of Ireland, in Montreal on May 4. During their meeting, Trudeau wore Star Wars socks simply because that day happened to be International Star Wars Day. If this pair of socks sent out any message, according to Vogue magazine reporter Emily Farra, that message was just that he has a quirky side and loves George Lucas films, she wrote. However, some say that 45-year-old Trudeau s unusual sock choices show a childish side of the prime minister that proves he isn t mature enough to be the leader of a country. But Friedman doesnt see it that way. The socks have been a source of pride and applause on an international scale a symbol both of Mr. Trudeau s ability to embrace multiculturalism and of his position as a next-generation leader not bound by old traditions, she wrote. They have opened up possibilities for the future.1. Trudeau wore a pair of socks with the pattern of maple leaves to _ A. distract audiences attention from the TV shows B. send a message that he is proud of his country C. narrow the gap between politician and civilians D. claim that he is the new-generation leader of the country 2. The underlined word “quirky” is closest in meaning to _ A. abnormal B. serious C. enthusiastic D. odd 3. According to Friedman, Justin Trudeau _ A. has a promising future but still an inexperienced politicianB. used a clever way to explore and finally discovered a goldmine C. is open-minded and is ready to accept different cultures D. is a leader who has abandoned old traditions to build up his future 4. The article is mainly about _ A. the strange hobby of a young politician B. a young leaders clever choice of socks C. how male politicians maintain public image D. the gender difference in modern politicians 【答案】1.B2.D3.C4.B【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句话heworeapairofsockswiththepatternofmapleleavesanationalsymbolofCanadawhenheappearedonaTVshow可知，枫叶是加拿大的这个国家的象征，所以Trudeau穿着带有枫叶图案的袜子表示他热爱他的国家。2.猜测词义题。根据文章第五段notalltheplayfulsocksthatTrudeauwearssendsomekindofpoliticalmessagesomeofthemarejustforfun可知不是所有Trudeau穿的袜子都带有政治色彩，有些纯属好玩。第六段主要讲了一个Trudeau在和EndaKenny的会议中穿了一双有星球大战图案的袜子的例子，根据前文可以猜测，Vogue杂志的记者EmilyFarra说，如果说这也有什么含义的话，那一定是奇怪的含义。3.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段asymbolbothofMrTrudeausabilitytoembracemulticulturalismandofhispositionasanext-generationleadernotboundbyoldtraditions和Theyhaveopeneduppossibilitiesforthefuture可知，Friedman认为Trudeau是一个思想开明、勇于接受文化多样性的总统，故答案选择C。4.主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲的是加拿大总理Trudeau出于各种政治或者个人喜好等原因在不同的场合穿着带有不同图案的袜子的事件，B选项符合主旨。(B)l CAFE DISPLAY l l OUR JOURNEYS l l 12 April-29 May 2008 Young people explore how they have adapted to life in Oxford. When I first came here, says one young African woman, I just wanted to cry all the time. And now I have learned to laugh again. Working with photographer Rory Carnegie and writer Nikki van der Gaag, young men and women explore their journey from the time they first arrived in a strange place to where they find themselves today. Organized by The Sunday Times Oxford Literary Festival (1017 April 2008). Supported by the Maggie Black Trust and Oxford City Council. ACTIVlTlES FOR CHlLDREN AND FAMILIES MODERN ART TROLLEY FREE Art activities for children every weekend during the exhibition in the Entrance Space from 2 p. m. to 4 p. m. Just drop in. Children must be led by an adult. WORKSHOP FOR 8 TO 12 YEAR OLDS Thursday 7 April, 10：30 a. m. to 1：30 p. m. Looking at themes from the exhibition and exploring pictures based ideas through group discussion and using digital cameras. Led by Judie Waldmann. BOOK LAUNCH FREE The Drawing Book by Sarah Simblet is a practical approach to drawing the world around you. Sarah Simblet, who teaches at the Ruskin School of Drawing and Fine Art, University of Oxford, will be present to give a short talk about the development of her book. Special price of18 on copies purchased in the evening. Booking recommended on 01865 813802 TEACHERS EVENING FREE Thursday 21 April, 5 p.m. to 7：30 p. m. Lecture by Susan Bright, independent writer and lecturer, at 5：30 p. m. followed by an opportunity to view the exhibition. FREE Education Notes will be provided for teachers attending the evening. WORKSHOP FOR PRIMARY TEACHERSSaturday 7 May, 10：30 a. m. to 1：30 p. m. Workshop for primary teachers who would like to develop their practical art skill as well as gain an understanding of modern art practice. Led by Judie Waldmann, artist and former primary school teacher. TALKS AND WORKSHOPS FOR SCHOOL GROUPS Exhibition talks and artist-led workshops to create work in response to the exhibition are available for pre-booked school groups. Suitable for primary and secondary schools, to check availability and discuss details call Sarah Mossop on 1865 813816. 1. If you are a teacher and interested in art, you probably would like to go to _. A. TEACHERS EVENING B. MODERN ART TROLLEY C. WORKSHOP FOR PRIMARY TEACHERS D. TALKS AND WORKSHOPS FOR SCHOOL GROUPS 2. What can we learn from the passage？ A. Susan Bright will give a short talk at the launch of the Drawing Book. B. Rory Carnegie and Nikki will teach young people how to take photos. C. The workshop led by Judie is intended for the secondary school students. D. The children who go to the Modern Art Trolley must be led by an adult. 3. Which of the following would be the best title of the text？ A. Free journeys B. Spring events C. Weekend Activities D. Activities for teachers 【答案】1.C 2.D 3.B 【解析】 1. 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段Workshop for primary teachers who would like to develop their practical art skill as well as gain an understanding of modern art practice可知，答案选择C。 2. 细节理解题。可直接在文章第三段MODERN ART TROLLEY FREE标题下找到Children must be led by an adult这句话从而判断答案选择D，也可运用排除法，根据BOOK LAUNCH FREE标题下The Drawing Book by Sarah Simblet is a practical approach to drawing the world around you. Sarah Simblet, who teaches at the Ruskin School of Drawing and Fine Art, University of Oxford, will be present to give a short talk about the development of her book可知是Sarah Simblet而不是Susan Bright要发表讲话，故A错；根据文章第一段和第二段可知文中并没有说Rory Carnegie 和Nikki要教年轻人摄影；定位Judie到标题WORKSHOP FOR 8 TO 12 YEAR OLDS下面，但根据标题可知，这个workshop主要针对的是8到12岁的孩子，故C错。 3. 推断题。可运用排除法，首先除了部分标题显示是FREE之外，其他并没有明确说是否免费，所以A不合适；WORKSHOP FOR 8 TO 12 YEAR OLDS和TEACHERS EVENING FREE这两个活动是在周四举办，所以并不是所有活动都是在周末，所以C排除；根据WORKSHOP FOR 8 TO 12 YEAR OLD可知不是所有的活动都是针对老师的，所以D排除，答案选择B(C)Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision, such as choosing a university to attend or a business to invest in, involves the utilization of a decision worksheet. Psychologists who study optimization compare actual decisions made by people to theoretical ideal decisions to see how similar they are. Supporters of the worksheet procedure believe that it will yield optimal, that is, the best decisions. Although there are several variations on the exact format that worksheet can take, they are all similar in their essential aspects. Worksheets require defining the problem in a clear and concise way and then listing all possible solutions to the problem. Next, the relevant considerations that will be affected by each decision are listed, and the relative importance of each consideration or consequence is determined. Each consideration is assigned a numerical value to reflect its relative importance. A decision is mathematically calculated by adding these values together. The alternative with the highest number of points emerges as the best decision. Since most important problems are multifaceted(多层面的), there are several alternatives to choose from, each with unique advantages and disadvantages. One of the benefits of a pencil and paper decision-making