英语人教版八年级下册Unit5 . reading.doc

Unit5 . What were you doing when the rainstorm came?重点知识点和句型1.My alarm didnt go off so I woke up late. 我的闹钟没响所以我醒来得迟了。an alarm一个闹钟 go off 发出特种声音：My alarm went off at 6 A.M. 我的闹钟在早晨六点闹。离开，离去：He went off in a great hurry. 他匆匆地离开。 (质量)变差；(食物等)变质：Dont eat that pork, its going off.不要吃那猪肉，它变质了。wake up 醒来；叫醒I didntwake upuntil I heard the alarm clock. 直到听到闹钟的铃声我才醒来。She woke up in the middle of an exciting dream.2.What was the girl doing at the time of the rainstorm.at the time of the rainstorm 在暴风雨来临的时候at the time of.在.的时候at that time那时候; 在当时; 在那个时候; 在那个时间; 在那时at this time在此刻; 在这时; 这个时候at this time of在这时by the time到的时候；在以前; 到时候，到之前; 到时为止; 到时;3. I was waiting for the bus when it began to rain heavily.（heavy） 1) begin v. (began) 开始 Ill begin whenever youre ready.你什么时候准备好我就开始。一般来说，begin to do和begin doing可以互换，但在以下三种情况下，用to do。 主语不是指人，而是it等。如：It began to rain. begin后接表示心理活动的词。如：begin to know还有believe, wonder, think，understand等词。 begin本身是ing形式，为避免重复后接to do。2) heavily adv. It was raining heavily. 雨下得很大。（考点,详见词汇部分）如果你的“下雨”是名词的话，则用形容词heavy修饰，即heavy rain 例如：It is a heavy rain。这是场大雨。如果你的下雨是动词的话，则用副词heavily修饰，即rain heavily。例如：It rains heavily。这场雨下的真大。形容词用来修饰名词，要放在名词前，而副词用来修饰动词，要放在动词后。4. So, when the rainstorm suddenly came, Suddenly相当于All of sudden suddenly着重于动作在没有预兆而突然发生，也就是“意料之外地”，例句：all of sudden着重于动作的迅猛程度，也就是“刹那之间”、“一眨样的功夫”或“千钧一发”， We had to stop all of sudden . 我们不得不突然停下来.all of sudden的用法常放在句首，suddenly的用法比all of sudden广阔。suddenly：I suddenly remembered that I hadnt locked the door.我突然记起我没有锁门.all of sudden：All of sudden we heard a loud explosion that shook the building.突然之间我们听到一声巨大的爆炸声冲击着那个建筑物。5.Thats strange. strange adj. 奇特的，奇怪的；不可思议的 Hes always here; its strange youve never met him. 他经常在这，你却没有见过他，真是不可思议。6.I called at seven and you didnt pick up. pick up(=pick up the phone) 接电话=answer the phone 1) 拾起；抱起 Pickthatbookup. 把那本书拣起来。2) 搭载，接送Thecarstoppedtopickmeup.汽车停下来接我。7.I called again at eight and you didnt answer then eitheralso,too,either 与 as well,这四个词均可表示“也”,其区别如下：1).too 和 as well 多用于口语中,语气较轻,通常用于肯定句或疑问句,一般不用于否定句,且通常放在句末.如：I like you too as well.我也喜欢你.Are they coming too as well?他们也来吗?too 有时也紧跟在主语后(注：as well 不这样用),此用法较正式.如：I,too,know where he lives.我也知道他住在什么地方.注意：在 Me too,You too这类简略答语中,通常不用 as well或also.如：A：Im tired.我累了. B：Me too.我也是.2).also 比 too 和 as well 正式,一般也不用于否定句,它在句中的位置通常是紧靠动词,即放在行为动词之前,特殊动词之后.有时为了强调也放在句末(但不常见).如：He also came./ He came also.他也来了.She is young and beautiful,and also rich.她年轻漂亮,而且有钱.说明：also 有时用于句首(其后通常有逗号),相当于连词 and.如：Also,his mother was dead.再说,他母亲又过世了.3).either(也)通常只用于否定句,且要放在句末.如：I dont know,either.我也不知道.He hasnt finished it,either.他也还没有做完.8.With no light outside, it felt like midnight.外面没有光线，如同午夜一般 （考点）作伴随状语（表原因） with作伴随状语,说明造成某一局面的原因.至于是用现在分词,还是过去分词得看与主句的关系是被动或主动.eg: with time passing by随着时间的流逝He sat on the chair with his eyes closed.他坐在椅子上,眼睛闭着.总结一下：with的复合结构可以分以下几种: 一.with+ 名词 + 形容词.表处于一种状态.He often sleeps with windows open.他经常开着窗户睡觉. 二.with+名词 + 副词. There is a temple with no table in.三.with+名词 + 介词短语.The teacher came into the classroom with a book under his arm. 四.with+ 名词 + 现在分词.这种结构表动作的主动和进行态. The old woman left the her house with water running all the time.五.with+ 名词 + 过去分词,这种结构表被动和完成.The thief was taken to the police station with his hands tied to his back.六.with+ 名词 + 不定式,这种结构表动作的将来式.The mamager has been busy these days with a lot of work to do.felt like一、feel like+名词，意为“觉得好像”。 It feels like rain soon.好像马上就要下雨了。 二、feel like+物质名词，意为“摸上去像是”。 1. Im holding something that feels like a potato. 我拿的东西摸上去像个土豆。 2. This kind of brick feels like wood. 这种砖摸起来像木头。 三、feel like+名词/代词，意为“觉得想做”。 I feel like a rest after the long journey. 长途旅行后我想休息一下。 四、feel like+doing，意为“想做”。 . I dont feel like walking very much today. 我今天不太想散步。 五、feel like+反身代词，意为“感到舒适;感觉身体好”，like可省略。 He felt(like)himself after doing exercise. 锻炼之后他感觉很舒服。 六、feel like+从句，意为“觉得好像是”。 He feels like that he has never been to such a place. 他感觉好像从未到过这样一个地方。light 1) light 不可数名词“光亮” /可数名词“灯，电源”e.g. There is no enough light in the room.e.g. Dont cross the road when the traffic lights are red.2)light adj “(颜色)浅的” e.g. He is wearing a light coat.3)light adj “轻的” e.g. Its as light as a feather.9.Bens dad while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working. 1) 此句中的连词while的意思是 “当的时候；和同时”，while还可以表示“而；然而；但”之意，用来说明和强调两种事情或情形不同。e.g. Tom is active and outgoing while his sister Rosa is shy and quiet. 汤姆活跃外向，而他的妹妹罗莎却害羞腼腆。2) make sure“确认，查明，核实；确保；设法保证”，其后可接句子，或接介词of及宾语，用来引入需要确认的内容。e.g. Could you make sure what time hes arriving? 你能确认一下他几点到达吗？Make sure you turn off the TV before you leave the house. 在你离开屋子前确认关闭了电视。3) 此句中的work表示机器，器官等 “运作，运转”，这是动词work的一种基本用法。 My watch doesnt work.我的手表坏了。10.Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against thewindows. Help的用法详见一单元beat,beat,beaten.win和beat都可用作及物动词，作赢、战胜讲时，其区别主要在于宾语的不同。 1.充当win的宾语的是比赛、战争、奖品、金钱等名词，即race,match,game, competition,war,prize之类的词。 例如：They won the match this time.这次比赛他们赢了。 He won first prize in the surfing competition.他在冲浪比赛中获得第一。 2.充当beat的宾语的则是比赛、竞争的对手，即指人或球队的名词或代词。 例如：We played very well,and we beaten them.我们发挥很好，打败了他们。 We beat the strongest team in the football match this time.beat against反复在上拍打; 撞上The rain beat against the windows.雨水打在窗户上。against 注意以下两个基本用法，许多其他用法和搭配均可从这两种基础引申出来：(1)表示“反对”“对着”“违反”“不利于”等。如：We are all against his idea.我们都反对他的想法。(2)表示“靠着”“顶着”“迎着”“衬着”等。如：He stood with his backagainstthe door.他背靠门站着。注意against是介词，不是动词。如：他靠在树上。正：He leanedagainstthe tree.误：He against the tree.这个计划你是赞成还是反对呢?正：Are you for or against the plan? 误：Do you support or against the plan?因为against是介词，所以后接动词时要用动名词。如,我反对在警察到达之前采取任何行动。正：Im against doing anything till the police arrive.误：Im against to do anything till the police arrive.11. It was hard to have fun with a serious storm happening outside.It is adj.+ to do sth. 做怎么样。It is adj. for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做怎么样。e.g. It is important for us to learn English. 对我们来说学英语很重要。 have fun = have a good great wonderful time =enjoy oneself玩得开心,过得愉快 Did you have fun at the party ? 昨天在派对上玩的开心吗？ = Did you have a good great wonderful time ? = Did you enjoy yourself ? have fun doing sth.开心做某事 happening outside.在本句中分词做状语。12. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m.当风大约3点渐渐平息的时候，他才睡着了。fall asleep 进入梦乡，睡着sleepy是形容词，“困倦的；瞌睡的”，可作定语和表语。如：Ill go to bed. Im sleepy. 我要去睡觉了。我困了。asleep是形容词，意思是“睡着的”，强调状态，常作表语。短语fall asleep意为“入睡；睡着”。如：Grandma fell asleep when watching TV. 奶奶看电视时睡着了。sleeping“睡着的”作定语A young woman with a sleeping baby in her arms got on the bus.sleep作动词，意为 “睡觉”，也可作名词，意为“睡眠；睡觉”。My father is sleeping. Please keep quiet. 我父亲在睡觉，请保持安静。die down逐渐变弱，逐渐平息When you saw him, his anger had died down a bit. 你看见他的时候，他的火气已经下去了。13. When he woke up, the sun was rising.rise-rose-risen , raise-raised-raised rise和raise都有上升,升起,上涨,举起等意思但是rise多用于不及物动词(rise后面不加宾语), raise是及物动词(raise后面要加宾语).有个简单的方法进行,一般事物自身可以升高,上升的,常用rise,例如太阳东升,河水上涨.而raise一般是人为地让事物升高,例如举起胳膊,提高薪水等.The sun rose at seven oclock.太阳七点钟升起。The river is rising after the rain.雨后河水涨了。Raise your hands. The worker demand the manager to raise their salary.工人们要求加薪水。此外，raise有“饲养、供养”的意思：14.He went outside with his family and foundthe neighborhood in a mess. （1)in a mess “不整齐，混乱” e.g. The room was in a mess.in a mess =in trouble“在困境中” e.g. Can you please me ?Im in a mess.（2)found1)find后面可以直接跟宾语，即:find sb /sth2)find后面可以跟从句作宾语:find that.或者find +wh疑问词引导的宾语从句， 如:They found that they had made a mistake.3)find后可以跟双宾语:find +sb +sth 如:I found him a good job (我给他找了个好工作)4)find sb/sth for sb else (为某人找个人或物)如:Please find my key for me (请帮我找下钥匙)5)find +sb/sth/oneself +(to be)+ n/adj/+V-ed/+介词短语 注:( )中的to be部分可以被省去 如:He woke up to find himself the owner of the firm.(一觉醒来他发现成了公司的主人。) He found the door closed.(他发现门关着。)6) find + sb /sth + v-ing He found the old man working in his garden. (他发现那个老人正在花园里干活)15.Although the stormbroke many things apart, it brought families and neighborscloser together. 1）apart adv“分开，分离” e.g. She took the radio apart to repair it.2) bring (brought, brought)“促使” e.g. They brought things right.3)close adj “亲密的，亲近的，近的”16.The roads were icy because of the heavy snow from the night before.icy, 结冰的 The weather-forecaster reminded us about the icy roads.气象预报员提醒我们注意结冰的道路。名词加-y变形容词的rain 雨水 rainy 多雨的 wind 风 windy 多风的风大的 cloud 云 cloudy 多云的阴天的 snow 雪 snowy 多雪的 sun 太阳 sunny 多阳光的;明朗的luck 运气 lucky 幸运的 noise 嘈杂声noisy 嘈杂的喧闹的 特别提醒别忘了去掉e health 健康healthy 健康的 17.You are kidding!你在开玩笑吧！kid vt. 欺骗；取笑；戏弄 过去式 kidded 过去分词 kidded 现在分词 kidding n. 小孩；小山羊 adj. 小山羊皮制的；较年幼18.Kate realized her bag was still at home 凯特意识到她的包还在家里。 realize实现;意识到等意思意识到: I realize there is a thief in the room.实现;She realized her dream of becoming an actress.19.Kate was still making her way to school.与way有关短语by the way 顺便说一下 in a way 在某种程度上on the way home 在回家的路上 be in sb. s way 妨碍某人, 阻挠某人all the way 一路上, 沿路 从远处, 特地 自始至终in any way 无论如何, 在任何情况下 in no way 决不, 无论如何不lose ones way =miss ones way 迷路, 迷失方向; 误入歧途on ones way to 到.去的途中 on the way 在途中20.On this day.Dr.Martin Luther was killed.was killed.一般过去时的被动语态。构成为：was/were+动词的过去分词BasketballwasinventedbyJamesNaismith. 篮球是詹姆斯奈史密斯发明的。Carswereinventedin1885.汽车是1885年发明的。21. My parents were c ompletely shocked!我父母亲无比的震惊 Completely，副词“彻底地；完全地”I understand completely. 我完全明白。 She was so shocked that she could hardly say a word. 她大为震惊，几乎一句话也说不出来。（hardly高频考词）Shocked 吓到了；震撼；震惊的带 -ed 的词表示人的感受，带 -ing 的词表示物的性质和状态 -ing表示使人,主语可以是人也可以是物,-ed表示人,主语是人. 举例: interest interested/interesting （感兴趣的有趣的） excite excited exciting （兴奋的令人兴奋的） move moved/moving （感动的令人感动的） surprise surprised surprising （感到惊奇的使人惊奇的） please pleased/pleasing （高兴的令人高兴的） bore bored/boring （厌烦的令人厌烦的） tire tired tiring （厌倦的令人厌倦的） amaze amazed amazing （惊奇的令人惊奇的） frighten frightened/frightening （受惊恐的令人惊恐的） puzzle puzzled/puzzling （迷惑的令人迷惑的） scare 21.My parents did not talk after that, and we finished the rest of our dinner in silencethe rest of ” 其余的,剩下的” 当 the rest of 修饰主语时，谓语动词取决于其所修饰的名词例如：The rest of the boys _ watching TV The rest of the money _ stolenA.were，were Bwas，were Cwere，was Dwas，was注意： all，most，some，half，percent，the rest 等词语后接介词of 再接名词用作主语时，若该名词为可数名词的复数形式，则其谓语要用复数形式；若该名词为不可数名词或可数名词的单数形式，则其谓语要用单数形式：Most of the apples are bad这些苹果当中大部分是坏的。Most of the apple is bad这个苹果坏了一大部分。in silence沉默地,无声地；沉默着；寂静；默默地；沉默不语地；无声silencen. 1.沉默，无言；无表示；无声，沉静，肃静，寂静；【 .be in silence沉默，无语silent 形容词, 沉默的, 寂静的 The old house was quite silent . 这所老房子寂静无声.22.Kate didnt think her friend was telling the truth about the event.true adj. 真实的；正确的true 的副词是trulytrue的名词是：truth n.真理; 真相，事实; 忠实，忠诚; 现实，现实性; 复数：truths 例句: 1.The first is about truth. 第一个问题关乎真相。 2.The truth is very different true的反义词：false.常用短语：to tell the truth “说实话” 如：To tell the truth，I disgree with you .23.I had trouble thinking clearly after that because I was very afraid.have trouble (in)doing sth.“做某事有困难或麻烦”相当于havedifficulty/problem(in) doing sth.24.But when I pointed it out to my friend, it went away1)point out意为“指出,使注意”，后面可接名词，也可接从句作宾语。如:The teacher pointed out the mistakes in the composition. 老师指出了这篇作文中的错误。2)point to意为“指向”，强调方向，并不是指着该物体。而 point at 表示“指着某一物体，指人时一般表示粗鲁或不礼貌”。如:He pointed to the door and there I saw a girl smiling at me.The teacher pointed at the map and told me where Britain was.went away go away 离去, 带走, take away带走 run away逃走25.While my brother was laughing, the television news reported that other people had seen the light as well.had seen是过去完成时结构，基本结构为“助动词had+动词过去分词”as well. as well与as well as只有一词之差，但意义和用法却相差甚远。一、as well 用法：1、as well常用作状语，作“又；也”解，相当于too或also，常位于句末，无须用逗号与句子分开。如：I am going to London and my sister is going as well（going，too）.2、as well 在口语中也可