口语初级.doc

目 录Lesson 12Lesson 24Lesson 35Lesson 47Lesson 510Lesson 613Lesson 716Lesson 818Lesson 920Lesson 1022Lesson 1125Lesson 1227Lesson 1330Lesson 1432Lesson 1534Lesson 1637Lesson 1739Lesson 1842Lesson 1944Lesson 2047Lesson 2148Lesson 2252Lesson 2354Lesson 2457Lesson 2559Lesson 2661Lesson 2866Lesson 2969Lesson 3071Lesson 3174Lesson 3278Lesson 3381Lesson 3484Lesson 3587Lesson 3691Lesson 3795Lesson 3899Lesson 39103Lesson 40107Lesson 11. have some trouble with .： 做有困扰，（身体某部位或机器某部分）有毛病Do you have any trouble with your homework? 你做作业有困难吗？This morning I had some trouble with my voice.今天早晨我的嗓子有点毛病。2. see the doctor： 看医生（看病）You have got a fever; you should go to see the doctor. 你发烧了，应该去看医生。3. well： interj. 喔，噢，唔语气词，用来引入一句话，继续讲述或填补对话间的间歇。一方面 well 放在句首可表示 惊讶、同意、让步；另一方面也可用于谈话重新开始。Well, lets begin! 好了，我们开始吧！Well, you may be right. 好吧，你可能是对的。Well, then she said . 嗯，而后她说4. try to do something (try ones best to do something)： 设法做某事（尽最大努力做某事）She told me yesterday that she would try to come. 她昨天告诉我她会设法来的。They tried their best to solve the problem. 他们尽了最大努力来解决问题。5. think for a minute： 想了一会儿He only thought for a minute, and then gave a correct answer. 他只是想了一会儿，而后给出了正确答案。6. twice thirty： 30的两倍Twice three is six. 二三得六。7. Hello, 332440. 喂，这是332440。英语国家的习惯是接到电话时先报自己的电话号码或单位、公司名称。8. This is Dave Thomson here. 我是戴维汤姆森。给某人打电话通报自己的姓名时要求用“This is .”，而不能用“I am .”。9. Could I speak to Jim please? 我能同吉姆讲话吗？在电话中要求和某人讲话的时候注意用此习惯用语。10. Im afraid .： 我担心（口语中常用到，引出说话人下面的主题）Im afraid youre wrong. 恐怕你错了。Im afraid (that) Ill be late. 我可能要迟到了。11. be (not) in： （不）在家Is there anyone in? 有人在家吗？My wife wont be in until five oclock. 我妻子要到五点钟才在家。12. at the moment： 现在，此刻The number is engaged at the moment. Try again in five minutes. 这个号现在占线。五分钟后再试试吧。13. Any idea when he might be back? 知道他大概什么时候回来吗？might：可能，也许（语气婉转）。Any idea who might be elected as monitor? 知道谁会当选班长吗？14. I wouldnt be surprised if . 如果，我不会感到吃惊。此句型用于陈述一种可能性，注意主句是否定句式，但主旨是肯定推测。I wouldnt be surprised if he fails his examination because hes never had his heart in study.如果他考试不及格，我不会感到吃惊，因为他从来没有把心思放在学习上。15. stop off： 中途停下来Please send the letter to the Post Office as quickly as possible. Dont stop off at any place.请尽快把这封信送往邮局。不要在任何地方停留。16. on the way back (on ones way to .)： 回来的路上（到去的途中）I met Mary on my way to the town. 在去往城里的路上我碰见了玛丽。Spring is on the way. 春天就要来了。AccidentThe river, you see, was never really safe at that time of the year early autumn, I mean, when there is heavy rainfall. So when I heard the children had gone swimming, as they used to all spring and summer, I knew there might be an awful accident. And when they came home late without little Katie, I guessed what had happened. How Old Is She? A woman was having some trouble with her heart, so she went to see the doctor. He was a new doctor, and did not know her, so he first asked some questions, and one of them was, How old are you? Well, she answered, I dont remember, doctor, but I will try to think. She thought for a minute and then said, Yes, I remember now, doctor! When I married, I was eighteen years old, and my husband was thirty. Now my husband is sixty, I know. And that is twice thirty. So I am twice eighteen. That is thirty-six, isnt it? Could I Speak to Jim, Please? A: Hello, 332440. B: Oh hello, Sally. This is Dave Thomson here. Could I speak to Jim please? A: Im afraid hes not in at the moment, Dave. He went out about an hour ago and hes not back yet. B: Any idea when he might be back? A: Well, he shouldnt be long. He said he was just going to get some paint. But I wouldnt be surprised if hes stopped off at the pub on the way back. B: OK. Well, tell him Ive called, will you, and Ill try again later. A: All right. Goodbye, Dave. B: Thanks then Sally. Goodbye. Lesson 21. have a holiday： 度假，休假 Jim and I are going to have a holiday. 我和吉姆准备去度假。Ive already had my holidays this year. 我今年已经度过假了。2. go to evening classes： 上夜校I am going to evening classes for my English.我打算去上夜校补习英语。Jane went to evening classes for drive.简上夜校学习开车。3. have Chinese lessons： 上汉语课How many lessons do you have every day?你们每天上多少节课？4. study hard： 努力学习注意副词 hard 的使用。Study hard, or you will get behind others.努力学习，否则你就会落后于其他人。Our victory was hard won.我们的胜利来之不易。5. a few weeks later： 几个星期以后But some time later it began to snow.但过了些时候天开始下雪了。Many years later, in Washington, D.C., he spoke to a crowd of 250,000 people.许多年以后，在华盛顿特区，他向二十五万美国人民发表了演说。6. make somebody do something： 让某人做某事注意 make 的动词不定式不带 to。Father made me do homework when everybody else was having a good time.别人玩的时候爸爸让我写作业。Mary made me clean the room for her.玛丽让我给她打扫房间。7. dress up： 打扮一下，化装She likes to dress up for a party. 她喜欢把自己打扮得漂漂亮亮去参加晚会。They were dressed up in Victorian clothes.他们化装成维多利亚时代的人。8. Many happy returns of the day. 长命百岁。（祝福用语）Wish you all the best!祝你一路顺风！9. Heres a present for you. 给你一份礼物。Heres the money.给你钱。Give me a glass of water, please. Here you are.“请给我一杯水。”“给你。”10. Would you like to .? 你想吗？此句型常用于邀请或建议。Would you like to see a film with me tonight?今晚你想和我一起看电影吗？Would you like to have another cake?你想再来一块蛋糕吗？Self-serviceIf you are in a hurry and you want to have a quick meal there is no better place than a self-service restaurant. You go into the restaurant, pick up a tray, knife, fork, and spoon and queue at a counter where the food is on display. You pick out what you want and put it on your tray, which you have to push along a special rack till you reach the cashier. The cashier will give you your bill. After paying, you take your tray to any table you like. You can sit alone or with another customer. You can have a good meal in ten minutes. And as there is no waiter you dont have to give a tip. But the Chinese Did! One day Tom said to one of his friends, Im going to have a holiday in Beijing. But I dont speak Chinese, so Ill go to evening classes and have Chinese lessons for a month before I go. He studied very hard for a month, and then his holidays began and he went to China. When he came back a few weeks later, his friend said to him, Did you have any trouble with your Chinese when you were in Beijing, Tom? No, I didnt have any trouble with it, answered Tom. But the Chinese did! At the Birthday PartyMRS. ROSS: Welcome, Peter. Give me your coat and hat. PETER: Thank you, Mrs. Ross. MRS. ROSS: The boys and girls are in the living room. Wait, Ill call John. * * * JOHN: Hi, Peter. Why are you late? PETER: My mother made me dress up. JOHN: Thats good. Alice has some pretty friends. PETER: You know I dont like girls. * * * PETER: Happy birthday, Alice. Many happy returns of the day. Heres a present for you. ALICE: Thank you, Peter. Come into the dining room. Im going to cut the cake soon. JOHN: Have some sandwiches, Peter. PETER: Thanks. John, whos that girl? JOHN: Thats Joan. Shes pretty, isnt she? She likes to dance. Ask her to dance. PETER: Well, I dont know. JOHN: Dont be afraid. She isnt going to bite you. PETER: Whos afraid? Im not afraid. * * * PETER: Would you like to dance, Joan? JOAN: Yes. Thank you. Id like to dance very much. Lesson 31. quite a lot of： 许多，相当多（修饰可数或不可数名词）等同于 quite a few（修饰可数名词），quite a little（修饰不可数名词）， quite a number of（修饰可数名词）。I have quite a lot of friends at school.我在学校有许多朋友。2. get . from .： 从得到Mr. Johnson first got the news from his secretary on Monday morning.星期一早晨约翰逊先生从秘书那里首先得知了消息。While she was writing her first novel, she got a lot of encouragement from her parents.写第一部小说的时候，她从父母那里得到了很多鼓励。3. one of them (was) .： 其中一个是（用于具体说明众多事物中的其中一个）I have three dogs, and one of them is black and white.我有三只狗，其中一只是黑白相间的。One of my friends lives in New York.我有个朋友住在纽约。4. mind： v. 注意，介意，在乎Do you mind smoking here?你介意在这里抽烟吗？I never mind if you like me.我从来不在乎你是否喜欢我。5. during the day： 白天I had worked hard during the day, and I was looking forward to a good rest at night.我白天辛勤工作了一天，期望晚上好好休息一下。The sun shines during the summer day.夏日阳光照耀。6. not . at all： 一点也不I dont like him at all. 我一点儿也不喜欢他。He doesnt smoke at all. 他从来不吸烟。7. be in bed： 卧床通常指“卧床”这个状态，有时也可代指“上床睡觉”（go to bed）的含义。Dont move, and be in bed, or the wound will hurt.别动，待在床上，否则伤口会疼。What time did you go to bed last night? 昨天晚上你几点上床睡觉的？8. There is something very nice inside your drum. 在你的鼓里有种美妙的东西。注意修饰 something，anything，nothing 之类的复合代词，限定词应该放在复合代词的后面。Is there anything important you want to tell me?你有什么重要的事情想要告诉我吗？Nothing special has happened.没有什么特别的事情发生。9. May I see a hat, please? 劳驾，我可以看一下帽子吗？注意在商店里购物，向售货员咨询某件商品的时候经常会用到“May I ., please?”的句式。10. What size do you take? 您戴几号的？此句型常用于商场里售货员询问顾客所穿或所佩带的衣物鞋帽其大小型号。11. measure： v. 量尺寸Please measure me for a new coat.请给我量尺寸，做一件新上衣。12. What colour would you like? 你喜欢什么颜色？此句型用于询问颜色。13. try on： 试穿，试戴Why not try on the dress?为什么不试试这件连衣裙？14. go well with .： 与相配A white top goes well easily with other clothes.白外套好配衣服。This paint doesnt go well with the room. 这种油漆与房间不相配。The police in the big city were looking for a thief. At last they caught him. But while they were taking photographs of him from the front, from the left, from the right, with a hat, without a hat he suddenly attacked the policemen and ran off. They tried to catch him, but he got away. Then a week later the telephone rang in the police-station, and somebody said, You are looking for Bill Cross, arent you? Yes. Well, he left here for Waterbridge an hour ago. Waterbridge was a small town about 100 miles from the city. The city police at once sent four different photographs of the thief to the police in Waterbridge. Less than twelve hours later they got a telephone call from the police in Waterbridge. We have caught the fourth this evening, we think. There Is Something Very Nice Inside Your Drum It was Jimmys birthday, and he was five years old. He got quite a lot of nice birthday presents from his family, and one of them was a beautiful big drum. Who gave him that thing? Jimmys father said when he saw it. His grandfather did, answered Jimmys mother. Oh, said his father. Of course, Jimmy liked his drum very much. He made a terrible noise with it, but his mother did not mind. His father was working during the day, and Jimmy was in bed when he got home in the evening, so he did not hear the noise. But one of the neighbours did not like the noise at all, so one morning a few days later, she took a sharp knife and went to Jimmys house while he was hitting his drum. She said to him, Hullo, Jimmy. Do you know, theres something very nice inside your drum. Heres a knife. Open the drum and lets find it. May I See a Hat, Please?MR. ROSS: May I see a hat, please? SALESMAN: What size do you take? MR. ROSS: Im sorry. I dont know. SALESMAN: Ill measure you . You take size 6. What colour hat would you like? MR. ROSS: Brown, please. SALESMAN: Here are some nice brown hats. Try this hat on. Its a very good one. MR. ROSS: Yes, I like this one. It goes very well with my coat. How much is it? SALESMAN: Its $9.95 (nine dollars and ninety-five cents). Do you want me to put it in a box? Lesson 41. come this way： 这边走此短语在说话人引路的时候经常会用到，也可简略为“This way, please.”。2. Whats the matter with you? 你怎么了？此问句用于询问对方状况（通常是指发生异常状况），等同于“Whats wrong with you?”。 此外，“Whats the matter with .?”除了对人还可对物（事）。Whats the matter with the machine?这台机器出什么故障了？Whats wrong with it?这怎么啦？（反语这有什么不好？）3. have a headache / stomachache： 头痛 / 肚子痛在这里，have 表示“遭受病痛”，类似的短语还有 have a fever，have a cold，have a toothache 等。How often do you have a bad back?你多长时间腰痛一次？4. show somebody something (show something to somebody)： 给某人出示某物Would you please show us your most recent paintings?请你给我们展示一下你的近作好吗？Tom is going to show his pictures in China to everyone at school.汤姆打算把他在中国的照片拿给学校里的每个人看。5. candy： n. 糖果美国用法，英国人一般用 sweet。Hed take a candy from a baby.美口他是个贪得无厌的人。6. go to a birthday party： 去参加生日晚会Mary is going to have a birthday party on Saturday. 玛丽打算星期六开生日晚会。7. how many： 多少此疑问代词用于询问可数名词的数量多少，修饰不可数名词用 how much。注意有些名词（包括可数和不可数）前带有量词，此时对数量的提问是以量词单位为计数单位，须一律用how many 进行提问。How many pieces of paper is there on the desk?书桌上有几张纸？How many glasses of water should a man have every day?每人每天应该喝几杯水？8. lose ones way： 迷路They lost their way in the mist.他们在雾中迷路了。Jack lost himself in the woods.杰克在森林中迷路了。9. go for a walk： 出去散步John went for a drink at the bar.约翰去酒吧喝了一杯。Many students went for the prize.很多学生都尽力争取奖学金。10. outside the house： 屋外I saw someone outside the window.我看见窗外有人。It is a little place outside the city.这是城市之外的一个小地方。11. police car： 警车ambulance：救护车 fire engine：消防车12. help somebody (to) do something： 帮助某人做某事help 的动词不定式 to 可加可不加，有时也可使用介宾短语代替。I helped her find the word in a dictionary.我帮她在字典里找到那个单词。He helped me into my coat.他帮我穿好大衣。13. telephone to somebody for help： 打电话求助ask for help：请求帮助There is no help for it.无法可想（无可挽回）。14. send a car： 派车The general decided to send troops into the Middle East.将军决定派遣部队去中东。Mother sent all her children to college.母亲把她所有的孩子都送进了大学。15. bring him home： 带他回家bring home the bacon：获得成功16. close one eye： 眯着一只眼睛You shouldnt close your eyes to fact.你不应该对事实视而不见。In my eyes, the final victory will belong to us.在我看来，最后的胜利是属于我们的。One morning a man was crossing a narrow bridge when he saw a fisherman on the shady bank of the deep, smooth river under him, so he stopped to watch him quietly. After a few minutes, the fisherman pulled his line in. There was a big, fat fish at the end of it. The fisherman took it off the hook and threw it back into the water. Then he put his hook and line in again. After a few more minutes he caught another big fish. Again he threw it back into the river. Then, the third time, he caught a small fish. He put it into his basket and started to get ready to go. The man on the bridge was very surprised, so he spoke to the fisherman. He said, Why did you throw those beautiful, big fish back into the water and keep only that small one? The fisherman looked up and answered, Small frying-pan. Whats the Matter with You? MRS WELSH: Good afternoon, Dr. Dawes. DR. DAWES: Good afternoon, Mrs. Welsh. MRS. WELSH: Please come this way, Doctor. Peters in this room. DR. DAWES: Well, Peter. Im sorry youre ill. Whats the matter with you? PETER: I dont know, Doctor. Im ill. I have a headache and a stomachache. DR. DAWES: Show me your tongue. What did you eat yesterday? PETER: Well, Doctor, I . DR. DAWES: Did you eat any cake? PETER: Yes, I ate some cake. DR. DAWES: Did you eat any ice cream? PETER: Well, yes, I did. I ate some ice cream. DR. DAWES: Did you eat any candy? PETER: Well, yes, I did. I ate some candy. DR. DAWES: Young man, tell me everything you ate yesterday evening. PETER: Well, Doctor. I went to a birthday party. DR. DAWES: I see! How many pieces of cake did you eat? PETER: Three, Doctor. DR. DAWES: How many plates of ice cream did you eat, young man? PETER: Gosh, Doctor. I had only three plates of ice cream. John had four. How Did You Lose Your Way? Mrs. Browns old grandfather lived with her and her husband. Every morning he went for a walk in the park and came home at half past twelve for his lunch. But one morning a police car stopped outside Mrs. Browns house at twelve oclock, and two policemen helped Mr. Brown to get out. One of them said to Mrs. Brown, The poor old gentleman lost his way in the park and telephoned to us for help, so we sent a car to bring him home. Mrs. Brown was very surprised, but she thanked the policemen and they left. But, Grandfather, she then said, you have been to that park nearly every day for twenty years. How did you lose your way there? The old man smiled, closed one eye and said, I didnt quite lose my way. I just got tired and I didnt want to walk home! Lesson 51. talk about： 谈论，提及Finally the president of the meeting talked about the pros and cons of the issue.最后大会主席谈论了这一议题中的正反两方。He talks about London in this book.他在这本书中谈到了对伦敦的看法。Are you talking about last week?你是在说上个星期的事吗？2. their plans for the summer： 他们的暑期计划Do you have any plans for the evening?你晚上有什么计划吗？We made a five-year plan for expanding the national economy.我们为发展国民经济制定了一个五年计划。3. go to work： 上班，工作Lets go to school.我们去上学吧。Would you like to go to cinema with me?你想和我去看电影吗？4. go to camp： 去宿营The herdsmen camped themselves on the grasslands.牧民们在草原上扎营住宿。We pitched our camp by a lake.我们在湖边扎营。5. stay in the city： 待在城里Did you stay at home yesterday?你昨天是待在家里吗？Why did you stay away from school?你为什么不上学？6. all day： 整天。I dont know what you are doing all day.我不知道你整日都在做什么。He has worked hard all year.他全年工作都努力。7. work with .： 与合作；对起作用Its my pleasure to work with you.与你共事我感到很高兴。It seems that the sleeping pills dont work with her.安眠药似乎对她不起作用。8. on weekends： 周末。I dont work at the weekend. 我周末不工作。The library is closed on weekends.图书馆周末不开放。9. go to the beach： 去海滩与 go to the mountains 一样，表示某项旅游活动。I like sunbathing on the beach.我喜欢在沙滩上晒日光浴。She used to take a walk along the beach.她过去常常沿海滨散步。10. go swimming and boating： 去游泳，去划船由 go 后跟动名词构成，类似的短语还有 go skating，go shopping，go shooting， go camping 等。We used to go camping every summer when we were students.当学生的时候我们每年夏天都去野营。11. play basketball： 打篮球注意 play 作为及物动词后跟 basketball，football，tennis，chess 等球类或棋类名词，表示进行某项体育运动时，play 和这些名词之间无须加冠词 the；但 play 后跟某种乐器作“演奏”讲时，play 和乐器名词之间要用冠词 the。另外，play 也可用于不及物动词，通过使用介词再后跟上述两类名词。Can you play on the piano?你会弹钢琴吗？They are play