New College English B1 U1A.doc

College English (New) Book 1Unit 1 Growing upText A Writing for MyselfPre-reading Topics:1. Is there any interesting or adventurous or unforgettable things happened in your growing up?2. Did you make any trouble in your childhood?3. Is there any person who has had influence on your life?4. Have you dreamed of becoming a writer?Cultural Notes:SpaghettiSpaghetti is the Italian style thin noodle, cooked by boiling and served with sauce(not in soup). It never tastes pulpy（柔软的） like some Chinese noodles. Usually you would put a fork into a plate of spaghetti, turn the fork several times so that spaghetti will wind around the fork, then place the fork into your mouth. Its impolite to suck.a. Hold the fork in your hand as if to poke（戳） the spaghetti.b. Scoop up（挖） a small amount of spaghetti on your fork and raise it about 30 cm above your plate.c. Make sure the Spaghetti on your fork is completely disconnected from the remainder on your plate.d. Put the prongs（叉子） of the fork at an edge of the plate that is free of food.e. Quickly point the prongs of the fork straight down toward the plate and place the points on the plate.f. Twirl （快速转动）the fork to gather the spaghetti around the prongs.g. With a quick scooping movement, gather up the roll around the prongs and place it in your mouth.h. Gently gather up any stray（散的） spaghetti ends that dont make it all the way into your mouth.Language Points:1. off and on(on and off), from time to time, now and again, irregularlyeg: It has been raining on and off for a week. Thats why the cloths feel damp. As her patient slept soundly during the night, Nurse Betty was able to doze off and on in a bedside chair. *Mother had to get up off and on every night to take care of her baby.2. take hold, become established (cf: take hold of sth=hold sth)eg: The idea of one child only has taken hold in many Chinese families. Old habits die hard. Thats why you should stop smoking before the habit takes hold. Only when good study habit takes hold can you improve your grade.3. bore eg: The speaker went on and on, and the audience grew bored by his speech. Tom Sawyer grew bored with painting the garden fence, so he thought of a way to make others paint for him. * The secretary becomes d by her routine job. I wont see any film of the kind again! This one nearly bored me to death.4. associate with, join or connect togethereg: We associate Egypt with pyramids. I cant associate this gentle young woman with the radical political essays she has written. Children often associate New Year with beautiful clothes and delicious food. We can hardly associate this decent young man with that poor and dirty boy 25 years ago. A healthy life is frequently thought to be associated with thee open countryside and homegrown food. Its interesting to note that children tend to associate summer with vacation.5. assign, to give as a share or dutyeg: Ive been assigned to do a difficult job. The management assigned him to a new post. This house has been assigned to the new comer.6. turn out, produceeg: New computers are soon outdated since new models are turned out constantly. American film studios turn out hundreds of films every year. *With the help of the young efficiency expert, the factory now turns out cars 2 times more than last year.*All the people regarded Tom as a hero, but he turned out to be the murderer/a thief. *If you dont pay rent, youll be turned out onto the street. *Remember to turn out the lights before you go out. The company announced that it would turn out new computer games at a greater rate. *other phrases with “turn”: around /round（转向，改变）, away（回绝，打发走）, back（折回）, down, in, off, on, over, to（求助于，查阅）, up（调大音量， 出现）7. anticipate(imagine with happiness or sorrow), + n./that clause/doing sthexpect(wait with confidence), + n./that clauseeg: The police had anticipated trouble from the soccer fans and were at the ground in large numbers.They anticipate that deaths from AIDS will have doubled by 2002.Modern society is in constant development. We should changes and make timely adjustment.We ed that the enemy would cross the river and so we destroyed the bridge.Little John ed to travel during the Spring Festival.We anticipate running into problems in carrying out the medical welfare reform.We anticipate hearing from you soon.We all anticipate deriving much instruction from a book.The professor is world-famous in this field, so many students anticipate getting much instruction from his lectures.It is always better anticipate a problem before it arises than to search for a solution afterwards.8. reputation, opinion about sb or sth(好，坏名声，人们心中的印象；cf：fame，仅指好名声，较高的知名度 )eg: Jim Kerry / Charles Chaplin has quite a reputation for being comic. The mayors reputation was destroyed when he was found involved in the murder of that scientist. 9. inspire, (in + spire 精神，灵气)eg: Martin Luther King, Jrs speeches inspired people to fight for equal treatment of African Americans. The last leaf on the tree that never fell off inspired the dying patient with the will to live on. The teachers short but powerful words inspired all the students to study hard. Georges inspiring speech made us take action at once. The violinist owed his success to his parents and said it was their encouragement that inspired him to greater efforts. Prof. Green is very popular with his students foe he knows how to inspire his students.Cf: respire, vi. 呼吸(SIRS, severe acute respiration symptom)10. rigid, (often disapproving) fixed in behavior, based on correct or accepted ruleseg: If he had been a little less rigid about things, his daughter would not have left home at such a young age. The rigid headmaster would button up his clothes even on the hottest days. You are too about things to have people like you.11. out of date, old fashioned, (反up to date)eg: New words are constantly added to our vocabulary while some old words go out of date. Although her clothes were out of date, the old woman appeared clean and dignified. New-style clothes this year may go out of date next year. Your methods have long gone out of date; youll have to modernize or risk failure.12. severe, 1) completely plain;eg: The widow wore a severe black dress to her husbands funeral. Earnest Hemingway is known for his sever writing style. 2) stern, strict; eg: Only those who have undergone severe training can be accepted into the air force. Fu Lei was so severe with his on that even his wife would cry. 3) causing very great pain, difficulty or worryeg: The severe chest pain experienced by the Vice-President proved to be a heart attack. A factory must turn out newer and better products to win in the climate of severe business competition.13. tackle: deal witheg: Toshiba recently designed a robot that can tackle almost any kinds of housework. The classroom was quiet as students were busy tackling the final exam. We should work together to tackle this hard task. With the help of computers now, people can tackle many difficult problems. With more than ten years experience in this filed, he is better able to tackle many kinds of problems in his work now.14. face up to, (+ the fact/ responsibility/ embarrassment)eg: Now that your daughter is born, youll have to face up to the responsibilities of being a father. The children should be taught to the responsibilities. Having been seriously injured in the car accident, he has to face up to the fact that he can no longer stand up and go to anywhere as he likes.15. scan, look througheg: The banker scanned the financial section of a dozen newspapers over breakfast. Scan the table of contents and tell me how many chapters are on child development? *Scanning means looking over a passage very quickly to find specific information on such as a date, a name, or a particular word. *Skimming means getting a quick ,general view of a passage.16. sequence, connected line of events, ideas etc.eg: “The Fall of the Roman Empire” was written in historical sequence. in sequence of date (按日期)；in chronological sequence(按年代顺序排列的) A sequence of bad harvests forced some African countries to ask for foreign aid.Cf: consequence(结果) subsequent(后来的)17. image, statue, 比真人大的雕像 sculpture, 雕刻出的物品 bust, 半身人像eg: On hearing her sweet voice on the phone, an image of a beautiful young gril came to my mind.18. recall, recollect 努力追忆eg: I recognize the face but cant recall her name. I dont recall ever meeting her. She recalled that she had to see the doctor again that afternoon. The witness recalled exactly what had happened in the traffic accident and proved the young driver innocent.Cf: memorize, keep in mind 记忆 remember, 想起 remind, 使人想起19. violate, act againsteg: Speeding in downtown areas violates traffic regulations. A country isnt respected if it violates an international agreement. These findings appear to violate the laws of physics. The scream violated the peace of the campus.Some countries like to accuse other governments of violating human rights.With more and more crazy drivers on the road now, you have to watch out all the time for cars even if you dont violate any traffic regulations.20. compose, write or create music, poetry etc.eg: The presidents speech is really brilliant. Do you think it was composed by himself or by someone else? John Lennon composed the song Beautiful Boy for his son. The well-known musician has composed a lot of songs for children. A medical team composed of three doctors and five nurses was sent to the disaster-hit area to help the local people.21. turn in, hand ineg: For your final grade, each of you must turn in a 7-page paper. It is said that if a policeman is ordered to turn in his gun, it is meant as a punishment. He turned in his resignation, and left without any word.22. hold back, (+ information/ anger/tears)eg: People could hardly hold back their anger when they found that millions of dollars of public finds had been used to build luxurious houses for city officials.Johnny cried bitterly in the classroom, not even attempting to hold back the tears. Susan tried hard to her anger in public.She held back from telling him the truth. He was holding something back from me. If both of you had held back your anger, the fight could have been avoided. *other phrases with “hold”, down 阻止，抑制，保持工作 on 别挂电话 onto 坚持 out 伸出，不屈服 over 延缓，推迟 up 支持，展示 with 赞成23. avoid 有意识地回避可能发生的危险或不快，避开其根源 escape 逃离实际上已经存在的危险或令人不快的事情eg: You should express yourself clearly to misunderstandings when speaking to foreighers.24. congratulations, on stheg: They offered their congratulations on the artists winning the life Achievement Award. I heard that you have become CEO of a high-tech company. Congratulations! congratulate sb on /upon ones promotion celebrate his birthday with a partyText Analysis and Writing Features:1. detailsRussell Baker is very good at selecting details. For example, in describing Mr. Fleagle, he uses many adjs and detailed information (para 2). Thus readers get a vivid picture of what he looked like.2. repetitionIn para 2, the author uses 9 “prim”s and “primly” in as few as 3 sentences. In this way, he is impressing them more deeply. In para 5, the author uses repetition again by using 5 “I wanted”s. these words help to emphasize the boys strong desire to write for himself.3. avoiding repetition On the other hand, the author is also able to employ synonymous words and phraseseg, dull, lifeless, cheerless, tedious turn out, write, compose, put down anticipate, prepare for formal, rigid, prim, correct, proper, respectable vivid memories of sth come flooding back to sb,; sth r