英语听力入门第二册-Unit4.doc

unit 4Part 1AVocabulary:prosper: to become successful and esp. rich；to be fortunate or successful, especially in terms of ones finances; thrive.繁盛，成功：幸运或成功的，尤对某人财富而言；繁盛, 发达eg. His company is prospering.他的公司兴旺发达。繁荣；昌盛eg. The newly developed satellite town is prospering with each passing day.这座新发展起来的卫星城蒸蒸日上。shed light onto使某事清楚明白地显示出来to make clearerbe blessed with: to be lucky to have在.方面有福气 幸运地享有positive肯定的, 实际的, 积极的,critically important: very important interact互相作用, 互相影响In this part you are going to hear a passage about how one can achieve success.TAPESCRIPT: No one sets out in life to fail. The reality is that many do. Why do some prosper while others struggle just to exist? There is no simple answer to that question but there are a few thoughts that might shed some light onto this very complex issue.key:1. in your imaginationthink into the futurepossibilitiespositive waythe starting point2. expect to winfulfill the vision3. opportunityrecognizegraba risk taker4. do something elseprospera joyful experiencejob requirements5. other peoplethe supportfriendsachievementwatchapply6. Everyone can succeedto discover and develophard work1. the future is in your imaginationHumans are blessed with the ability to think into the future. We can use our imagination to see possibilities. Use this unique gift in a positive way. Build a vision of what you want to be, have to do. It is the starting point of all successful activities.2. To win, you must expect to winOnce we imagine our future, we must wrap that vision with a belief system that encourages us to fulfill the vision.3. We are surrounded by opportunityAs we move through time, opportunities are around. All we have to do is recognize them and reach out to grab them. Capturing opportunity demands risk. Are you a risk taker ?4. Like what you do or do something elseLow achievers usually dont like to work or dont like the work they are doing. Those who dont want to work will never prosper. For those who work, it is critically important that their work be a joyful experience. Match your skills to your job requirements. The closer the match, the more enjoyable the experience.5. Your success depends on other peopleNo man is an island. We must interact with and receive the support of others. Build a network of friends. Get to know people of achievement. Listen to their words, watch their actions and apply what works for you.6. Everyone can succeedWe are all born with enough abilities to experience success. Our task is to discover and develop those abilities. Nothing comes easily. Success demands hard work. Are you willing to work that hard?BVocabularyissue a matter of public concern: 议题公众关心的事物：refused to address the economic issues.拒绝对公众关心的经济问题发表言论 The essential point; crux: 重点，难题必要的观点；难题：the issue of how to provide adequate child care.如何提供适当的儿童护理的难题A culminating point leading to a decision: 结果，结论需要决定的关键点： At variance; in disagreement.有分歧的；不一致的 join issueTo enter into controversy.参加争论take issueTo take an opposing point of view; disagree.对持异议；不同意put to the issue使对问题便于做出决定put upon an issue使对问题便于做出决定put to an issue使对问题便于做出决定put upon the issue使对问题便于做出决定raise a new issue提出新论点ride off on a side issue专谈枝节问题(用以规避主要问题)take issue against反对involvement 包含 commitvt.犯(错误), 干(坏事), 把.交托给, 提交, 答应负责A robbery was committed last night.昨晚发生了一起盗窃案。If you commit a crime you can never escape being punished.你要是犯罪,就逃脱不了要受惩罚。commit the verse to memory.将诗句存入脑海中They were committed to follow orders.他们对命令全力以赴犯（错误， 罪行）； 干（坏事）委托（to）commit an error做错事commit a crime犯罪commit suicide自杀commit ones soul to God将自己的灵魂托与上帝commit him to jail将他监禁committable,committableenhancement inh:nsmntan improvement that makes something more agreeable增进, 增加regardless of = In spite of: 不管：adj. 不管, 不顾regardless of prep.We will persevere regardless of past failures.尽管以前我们失败过，但仍要坚持下去With no heed to:不顾：freedom for all, regardless of race or creed.不论民族或信仰的全体的自由regardlessadj.不注意的, 不留心的, 不重视的, 不考虑的ConsensusUnanimous agreement意见一致；多数人的意见；舆论What is the consensus of opinion at the afternoon meeting?下午会议上一致的意见是什么?bondones word is (as good as) ones bond说话有信用integrity integriti正直；诚实an undivided or unbroken completeness or totality with nothing wanting; moral soundness同义词：unity, wholenesseg. You can trust him; he is a man of complete integrity.你可以相信他，他是一个刚正不阿的人。parental父母亲的, 做双亲的oriental东方人(尤指中国人和日本人)1. organizational skills2. results oriented3. open-minded4. in the decision process5. parental and citizen6. innovation and excellence7. the development8. cooperation 9. student needs10. ideas and plans11. high quality performance12. directly and clearly13. continuous professional development14. their background or position15. a consensus builder16. leadership skills17. your bond, trustworthy18. the position 19. personal integrity20. work well with othersPart 2 successful peoplevocabularypop 突然出现bulge outward同义词：start, protrude, pop out, bulge, bulge out, bug out, come outarthritis: :raitisInflammation of a joint or joints resulting in pain and swelling. 关节炎, 由于一组或多组关节发炎而导致的疼痛和肿胀headmistressA woman who is the principal of a school, usually a private school. 女校长通常指私立学校的女校长handicap hndikpinjure permanently；put at a disadvantage妨碍；加障碍于；使受障碍eg. a handicapped child残废的儿童A. Listen to four people talking about the most successful person they know.Speaker 1MumBringing up 3 childrenSpeaker 2Physical disabilitiesPhysical difficulty of arthritishold her backSpeaker 3A headmistressSpeaker 4An actorEnergySelf-publicistpublicist pblisist n. 国际法学家，政治评论家，政治记者，宣传员B. Listen again. Then listen to some statements. Decide whether they are true or false.Statements:1. According to the first speaker, the most important thing that mum taught her children is to love the family.2. When the second speaker was interviewed, the successful person that immediately came to her mind was the one with arthritis.3. The third speaker has a lot of respect for Mable Davies because she herself is deaf.4. The fourth speaker thinks that the actor has got an enormous amount of energy as he saw him on stage and on film.Key 1. F2. T3. F4. FTapescript:Speaker 1: I think my mums very successful because shes managed to bring up three children excellently in such a horrible society that we live in today. Shes taught us to be kind and loving, she taught us to share, she taught us to love our family be very family-oriented and I think thats really important.Speaker 2: The person that I can think of within my life, well, I probably can think of several but the one that instantly came to mind when you popped this question to me was somebody who lives in Harpenden has overcome physical difficulty of arthritis remarkably well, and not allowed it to hold her back any more than is obviously necessary because of her physical disabilities. So I think shes made a very good a great success of overcoming a difficulty.Speaker 3: I think, uhm, Mable Davies, here whos very successful. Shes a deaf lady whos now the headmistress and I think that must be hard, so Ive got a lot of respect for her, because my parents are also deaf so I know how difficult to work your way up having a handicap so Ive got quite a lot of admiration for her.Speaker 4: Well, I think in professional terms Kenneth Branagh, the actor, has been very successful and I think the reason for this more than anything else is that hes a very good self-publicist. He is undoubtedly a very good actor. Er, Ive not seen him on stage, Ive seen him on film and hes got an enormous amount of energy and as I say, hes a very good self-publicist.Part 3 the work of Gordon Parks an internationality known African American artistVocabularyracism reisizm n. 种族主义; 民族的差别主义，人种偏见the prejudice that members of one race are intrinsically superior to members of other racesGothic gik哥特式adj.哥特式的, 野蛮的;恐怖、阴暗The combination Gothic romance represents a union of two of the major influences in the development of European culture, the Roman Empire and the Germanic tribes that invaded it. The Roman origins of romance must be sought in the etymology of that word, but we can see clearly that Gothic is related to the name Goth used for one of the Germanic tribes that invaded the Roman Empire. The word Gothic, which is first recorded in 1611 in a reference to the language of the Goths, was extended in sense in several ways, meaning “Germanic,” “medieval, not classical,” “barbarous,” and also an architectural style that was not Greek or Roman. Gothic, originally in the sense “medieval, not classical,” was applied by Horace Walpole to his novel The Castle of Otranto, a Gothic Story, published in 1765. From this novel, filled with scenes of terror and gloom in a medieval setting, have descended the Gothic romances of today.Gothic romance罗马帝国和侵犯它的日耳曼部落。Gothic 1611年第一次出现在一本描绘哥特语的注释书里， 有几个意思：“日耳曼人的”，“中世纪的，非古典的，”“野蛮的，”和非希腊和罗马的建筑风格。Gothic 最初意思是“中世纪的，非古典的，” 在霍勒斯沃波尔1765年出版的小说奥特朗托的城堡，哥特的故事 中出现。 这本小说里，在中世纪的背景衬托下，充满了恐怖、阴暗的画面，它开创了哥特式浪漫主义并流传至今Congress(代表)大会, C (美国等国的)国会, 议会Kansas堪萨斯州A state of the central United States. It was admitted as the 34th state in 1861. Organized as a territory by the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, which provided it would be classified as a free or slave state on the basis of popular sovereignty, it became a virtual battleground, known as Bleeding Kansas, for free and slave factions (1854-1859). Kansas was finally admitted as a free state. Topeka is the capital and Wichita the largest city. Population, 2,485,600. 堪萨斯州, 美国中部一州。1961年被批准为第34个州。通过1854年的堪萨斯内布拉斯加法案，堪萨斯被组织成为一个地区。该法案规定，遵照人民主权论的原则该地区可以成为自由州或蓄奴州。1854年至1859年间该州实质上成为自由派和蓄奴派的战场，被称为血腥的堪萨斯。堪萨斯最终被批准成为自由州。其首府为托皮卡，最大城市为威奇托。人口2，485，600。Minneapolis.miniplis明尼阿波利斯A city of southeast Minnesota on the Mississippi River adjacent to St. Paul. The largest city in the state, it was a leading lumbering center in the 19th century and today is a port of entry and major industrial hub. Population, 368,383. 明尼阿波利斯, 美国明尼苏达州东南部城市，位于密西西比河畔，紧邻圣保罗。为该州最大的城市，19世纪为一个伐木业中心，如今已成为一重要进入港和主要工业基地。人口368,383Minnesota .minisut 明尼苏达州(美国州名)Alabama.lbm阿拉巴马州A state of the southeast United States. It was admitted as the 22nd state in 1819. Alabama was first explored by the Spanish, and the southern section was claimed by the United States as part of the Louisiana Purchase (1803). Montgomery is the capital and Birmingham the largest city. Population, 4,062,608. 亚拉巴马州美国东南部一个州。1819年被接纳为美国第22个州。亚拉巴马首先由西班牙人勘查，南部地区作为“路易斯安那购置”（1803年）的一部分被美国占领。蒙哥马利为其州府，伯明翰是最大城市。人口4,062,608A. Listen to the first part of the material. Complete the paragraph.Key Taking photos, writing books, composing music and directing movies.his work with a cameraa means of expression and communicationa poor family191216support himselfphotography25photographyhow difficult it was to be poor.TAPESCRIPT:Gordon Parks is best known for his work with a camera. But he is an artist who has many skills. His photographs, books, music and movies have influenced many people throughout the world. He was the first African American director of major Hollywood movies. Gordon Parks art deals with important social issues such as the poor, racial injustice and crime. He sought to help the poor and to end the racism with two very powerful weapons his camera and his creative eye. He chose the camera as a means of expression and communication. He used the words and pictures to explore the differences in people. Gordon Parks was born in the middle western state of Kansas in 1912. he was the youngest of 15 children. He mother died when he was 16. He moved to Minneapolis, Minnesota to live with his sister. In the following years, he supported himself by working several low-paying jobs. Gordon Parks became interested in photography at the age of 25. He experienced growing up poor. He wanted to show difficult it was to be poor. Photography could give him a way to express that, he thought.B. Now listen to the second part of the material. First complete the chart about Gordon Parks.WhenRelevant information1948moving to Paris1956racial injusticethe rich and poor in Brazilthe 1960s1963Poetry, music, photographsGorden Parkss most successful works:1. the unequal treatment blacks faced in the U.S. during the time2. how racial injustice affects peoples daily lives.3. a very sick young boy in a poor family in Brazil.TAPESCRIPT In 1941, Gordon Parks took pictures of the poor living conditions he found in the Middle Western city of Chicago, Illinois. Miss Watson had had a very sad life. Gordon Parks he could show this in a photograph. The picture shows a serious woman holding a broom in one hand and the mop in the other. Behind her hangs the American flag. The picture represents the unequal treatment blacks faced in the United States during the time. The picture is called Ella Watson American Gothic. It became Gordon Parkss most famous photograph. In 1948, Gordon Parks began working as a photographer for Life magazine. Life magazine was the best-known culture magazine of the time. Millions of people around the world read it each week. In 1950, Gordon Parks moved to Paris, France to work as a European photographer for Life magazine. He worked in France, Italy, Spain and Portugal for several years. He became well known for the quality of his work. Some very rich people, movies stars, entertainers and world leaders trusted him to take their pictures. Gordon Parks also took pictures of the very good at presenting in pictures the two opposing worlds of the rich and the poor. In 1956, Gordon Parks traveled to the southern United States to photograph racial injustice in the South. He took pictures of a poor black family in the southern state of Alabama. The pictures were of a man