英汉翻译习题.doc

Chapter 1 General PrinciplesExercise 1 用直译和意译法翻译1. Smashing a mirror is no way to make an ugly person beautiful, nor is it a way to make social problems evaporate.2. Shakespeare put his hometown on the map.3. As luck would have it, he was caught by the teacher again.4. Business is a two-way street and to keep it open in both directions there must be a sense that both partners are doing their utmost to ensure a steady growth in each others markets.Exercise 2 用归化和异化法翻译1. Its the last straw that breaks the camels back.2. Empty vessels make the greatest sound.3. Little strokes fell great oaks.4. She could not desert Tara she belonged to the red acres far more than they could ever belong to her. Chapter 3 DictionExercise 1 篇章翻译AloneSolitude is an excellent laboratory in which to observe the extent to which manners and habits are conditioned by others. My table manners are atrocious(粗野 ) in this respect Ive slipped back hundreds of years; in fact, I have no manners whatsoever. If I feel like it, I eat with my fingers, or out of a can, or standing up in other words, whichever is easiest. Whats left over, I just heave into the slop pail(泔水桶 ), close to my feet. Come to think of it, no reason why I shouldnt. Its rather a convenient way to eat; I seem to remember reading in Epicurus (人名：伊壁鸠鲁 ) that a man living alone lives the life of a wolf.A life alone makes the need for external demonstration almost disappear. Now I seldom cuss(乱骂 ), although at first I was quick to open fire at everything that tried my patience. Attending to the electrical circuit on the anemometer pole(风速表支柱 ) is no less cold than it was in the beginning; but I work in soundless torment, knowing that the night is vast and profanity (亵渎 ) can shock no one but myself.Exercise 2 翻译时注意选词法的运用We provide a competitive compensation plan with exceptional benefits. If you are interested in a challenging position that requires travel and flexible hours, please fax your resume with compensation details to Pacific Information Company, 22 Fuxing Avenue, Beijing.Chapter Four ConversionExercises 1翻译时注意转换译法的运用1. With the passage of time, her admiration for him grew more and more.2. The thief made a trembling confession of his wrongdoing.3. Mr. White with great cheerfulness told her that he had good news to communicate.4. Animals become indifferent to their young as soon as they can look after themselves. 5. The victory of justice over arbitrary acts, of reason over decadence and blindness, of democracy over imperialism, of good over evil, our victory of 25 of October will represent one of the glorious pages of our history, and we shall be able to leave it to our heirs.6. The growing awareness by millions of people of their intolerable conditions of life had prompted them to relinquish the present social system.Exercises 2 篇章翻译On EtiquetteEtiquette to society is what apparel is to the individual. Without apparel men would go in shameful nudity which would surely lead to the corruption of morals; and without etiquette society would be in a pitiable state and the necessary intercourse between its members would be interfered with by needless offences and troubles. If society were a train, the etiquette would be the rails along which only the train could rumble forth; if society were a state coach, the etiquette would be the wheels and axis on which only the coach could roll forward. The lack of proprieties would make the most intimate friends turn to be the most decided enemies and the friendly or allied countries declare war against each other. We can find many examples in the history of mankind. Therefore I advise you to stand on ceremony before anyone else and to take pains not to do anything against etiquette lest you give offences or make enemies.Chapter 5 AdditionExercises 1翻译时注意增词译法的运用1. By birth he was an Englishman; by profession, a sailor; by instinct and training, a rebel.2. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.3. Divorce is increasing in this country with growing urbanization.4. The weight of a body changes with altitude.5. Theory is something, but practice is everything.6. Its a bit fishy that she should have given away a villa like that.7. to make stars out of nobodies8. He has in his vision the totality of every world problem, political, economic, human,9. The chief effects of electric currents are the magnetic, heating and chemical effects. Exercises 2 篇章翻译The MastersHe was a man of fifty, and some, seeing that he had gone both bald and grey, thought he looked older. But the first physical impression was deceptive. He was tall and thick about the body, with something of a paunch, but he was also small-boned, active, light on his feet. In the same way, his head was massive, his forehead high and broad between the fringes of fair hair; but no ones face changed its expression quicker, and his smile was brilliant. Behind the thick lenses, his eyes were small and intensely bright, the eyes of a young and lively man. At a first glance, people might think he looked a senator. It did not take them long to discover how mercurial he was. His temper was as quick as his smile; in everything he did his nerves seemed on the surface. In fact, people forgot all about the senator and began to complain that sympathy and emotion flowed too easily. Many of them disliked his love of display. Yet they were affected by the depth of his feeling. Nearly everyone recognized that, though it took some insight to perceive that he was not only a man of deep feeling, but also one of passionate pride.Chapter 6 OmissionExercises 翻译时注意省词译法的运用1. Lu Xun has it that “Read your own work at least twice after you have got through your writing, trying to cut off all unnecessary words, sentences, and even paragraphs without any regret.”2. We will have a hard time of it.3. I cant remember a Christmas when it snowed so much.4. Before you hand in your paper, you have to read it over and over and see if there is anything in it to be corrected and revised. Then you will have your work well done.5. This process of separating a metal from its ore is called smelting.6. As she turned the corner she had a new idea which made her stop dead. 7. Some children of the village were running hand in hand, now shouting with unthinking mirth and now pausing to gaze with childish curiosity on the grief of the mourner. Chapter 7 RepetitionExercises 1翻译时注意重复译法的运用1. He had met with great difficulties in writing his term paper.2. Rain or shine, Ill go there.3. Water can be decomposed by energy, a current of electricity.4. We talked of ourselves, of our prospects, of the journey, of the weather, of each other-of everything but our host and hostess.5. Happy families also had their own troubles.6. He wanted to send them more aid, more weapons and a few more men.7. They have staged demonstrations and sit-ins and distributed petitions which inevitably find their way to foreign correspondents posted in Moscow.8. The blow hurt not only his hands but his shoulder, too.9. And the body lay white and still beneath the pines, all bathed in sunshine and in blood.10. They wanted to determine if he complied with the terms of his employment and his obligations as an American.11. You may borrow whichever novel in my bookcase you like best.12. Her room is always kept clean and tidy though she is busy all day.Exercises 2篇章翻译If children discover the beauty of nature while they are young, they will respect nature and try to preserve it when they are older. Parents play an essential role in helping their children make this discovery. Although young children are not able to understand the complex relationship of man to his environment, they can be educated in this aspect and learn how to respect nature and gain a simplified understanding of the importance of a healthy ecological environment. Helping children to gain such an appreciation and understanding can be an exciting adventure which is available to all that are willing to explore and use their senses of touch, taste, smell, sight, and hearing. Wonderful phonomena of nature are all around us. For example, have you ever awakened early to watch the sunrise? Have you ever stopped to observe a setting sun, a star-filled sky, or an October moon? Have you ever gone out after a rainfall and been delighted in the scent of the fresh air? Have you ever taken time to listen to the song of the birds, the trees rustling in the wind or the music of the crickets? Have you ever held a seashell to your ear and heard the roar of the ocean? Have you ever tasted fresh berries, melon or spring water? Have you ever shared the above experience with your children?Chapter 8 InversionExercise 1翻译时注意词序调整法的运用1. With the third party acting as an intermediary,to take the interest of the whole into account, we strongly demandedwith frankness and sinceritymany times at the end of the autumnof the same year that you should compensate all our losses.2. Somebody tapped me on the shoulder. I looked up from the exercise booksof my young pupils,which I was just correcting, into thelined,kindlyface of alittlewoman farmerof old age.3. That our environment had little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior is central to this theory. 4. Many species can communicate an amazing amount of information via sound, information on which both the life of an individual and the continued existence of the species may depend.5. All living languages are characterized by sound changes that have occurred and will continue to occur in the course of their history. 6. The law operates universally, whether in the natural world, in human society, or in mans thinking.Exercises 2篇章翻译On BeautyA young man sees a sunset and, unable to understand or to express the emotion that it rouses in him, concludes that it must be the gateway to a world that lies beyond. It is difficult for any of us in moments of intense aesthetic experience to resist the suggestion that we are catching a glimpse of a light that shines down to us from a different realm of existence, different and, because the experience is intensely moving, in some way higher. And, though the gleams blind and dazzle, yet do they convey a hint of beauty and serenity greater than we have known or imagined. Greater too than we can describe; for language, which was invented to convey the meanings of this world, cannot readily be fitted to the uses of another.That all great art has this power of suggesting a world beyond is undeniable. In some moods Nature shares it. There is no sky in June so blue that it does not point forward to a bluer, no sunset so beautiful that it does not waken the vision of a greater beauty, a vision which passes before it is fully glimpsed, and in passing leaves an indefinable longing and regret. But, if this world is not merely a bad joke, life a vulgar flare amid the cool radiance of the stars, and existence an empty laugh braying across the mysteries: if these intimations of a something behind and beyond are not evil humour born of indigestion, or whimsies sent by the devil to mock and madden us; if, in a word, beauty means something, yet we must not seek to interpret the meaning. If we glimpse the unutterable, it is unwise to try to utter it, nor should we seek to invest with significance that which we cannot grasp. Beauty in terms of our human meanings is meaningless. Chapter 9 NegationExercise 1翻译时注意反译法的运用1)All that flatter you too much are not faithful friends.2) Mr. White has refrained from making an official comment on the coup in that country.3) That served to strengthen instead of weaken our determination.4) The evidence is conclusive, excluding all possibilities of doubt.5) You should seize the opportune moment to put in a good word for me.Exercise 2 篇章翻译If we would ever accomplish anything in life, let us not forget that we must persevere. If we would learn our lessons in school, we must be diligent and not give up whenever we come to anything difficult. We shall find many of our lessons very hard, but let us consider that the harder they are the better they will do to us if we will persevere and learn them thoroughly. But there are some among us who are ready to give up when they come to a hard example in mathematics, and say, “I cant do this.” They never will if they feel so. “I cant never do anything worthwhile; but “Ill try” accomplishes wonders. Let us remember that we shall meet with difficulties all through life. They are in the pathway of everyone. If we will only try and keep trying, we shall be sure to conquer and overcome every difficulty we meet with. If we have a hard lesson, let us strive to learn it well and then we shall be prepared for a harder one tomorrow. And if we learn to master hard lessons in school, it will prepare us to overcome the hard things that we shall meet in life, when our school days are over.Chapter 10 DivisionExercise 翻译时注意分译法的运用1. Let us admit, and regret, that he honestly believes it is impossible to differ from him honestly. (co-ordinate)2. Statistically significant correlation exists between vitamin deficiency and disease. (adverbial phrase)3. Thunderstorms in spring and summer often come with intensity great enough to cause flash-flooding.4. Andrew is, on the surface, a stoutish, easy-going elderly man, with kindly patient manners, and an engaging simplicity of character. 5. If the man who was seen to take an umbrella from the City Church last Sunday evening does not wish to get into trouble, he will return the umbrella to No.10 Broad Street. He is well known.6. A successful old age is easiest for those who have strong impersonal interests involving appropriate activities. (B. Russell) (condition)Chapter 11 Translation of the PassiveExercise 翻译时注意被动译法的运用1. The sense of inferiority that he acquired in his youth has never been totally eradicated. 2. Communications satellites are used for international living transmission throughout the world. 3. The unpleasant noise must be immediately put an end to.4. Everyone was fed up with her gossip. 5. He was set upon by two masked men. 6. As soon as al the facts have been found out, we can begin to formulate a theory.7. The village is populated by about 13,000 farmers. 8. The news was passed on by word of mouth. 9. He was told that two of them seemed unlikely to make the grade.10. She has been wedded to translation. Chapter 12 The Translation of Long SentenceExercise 翻译时注意英语长句的译法运用1. Then they went to the southern part of the island, but found it rocky and covered with bushes, growing so thickly that it was not easy to push ones way through. 2. What the New Yorker would find missing is what many outsiders find oppressive and distasteful about New Yorkits rawness, tension, urgency; its bracing competitiveness; the rigor of its judgments; and the congested,