动植物词汇和简单句的五种基本句型.doc

高一英语衔接回顾动植物词汇和简单句的五种基本句型 茅村中学高一英语组Teaching contents: 1. Review the vocabulary about animals and plants in the junior students English books.2. Review basic sentence patterns.Teaching important and difficult points:1. Help students review these words theyve learned.2. Grasp the sentence patterns and make some sentences.Teaching methods:.Asking and answering / DiscussionTeaching steps:Step1. GreetingStep2. Lead-in T: Do you play QQ farm games? Or do you parents raise some animals? S: Yes. T: Who can tell me some animals you know? S: Yes, such as- T: Good, this class we review these words about animals and plantsStep3. Review the words 1. which animals can we raise in our family?fish 鱼 sheep 绵羊 dove 鸽子 bull公牛 tortoise 龟lamb 羊羔 dog 狗 cat 猫 chicken 小鸡 rabbit 兔子crab螃蟹 ram 公羊 duck 鸭子 gold fish 金鱼 frog 青蛙fantail gold fish 扇尾金鱼 parrot 鹦鹉 worm 软体虫，蠕虫 2. What can we often see in the animal park?monkey king 美猴王 turkey 火鸡 lion 狮子 monkey 猴子 bear 熊giant panda 大熊猫 kangaroo 袋鼠 squirrel 松鼠 fox 狐狸 polar bear 北极熊wolf 狼 snake 蛇 crane 鹤 tiger 老虎 swan 天鹅golden eagle 金雕 red-crowned crane 丹顶鹤 zebra 斑马 camel 骆驼giraffe 长颈鹿 elephant 大象 3. Which can we find in the sea?whale 鲸 dolphin 海豚 seagull 海鸥 4. 连连看sparrow 燕子 snail 昆虫swallow 恐龙 mouse / mice 蝴蝶dodo 渡渡鸟 insect 鼠dinosaur 麻雀 butterfly 蜗牛5. Ask: Do you like eating some fruit? Which do you like best? Answer: banana 香蕉 orange 橙子 pear 梨 apple 苹果 grape 葡萄pineapple 菠萝 watermelon 西瓜 lemon 柠檬 mango 芒果 6. Ask : In the following food ,which food can we not eat ?bamboo shoot 竹笋 leaf （树，菜）叶 pumpkin 南瓜vegetable 蔬菜 carrot 胡萝卜 cabbage 卷心菜 potato 土豆peanut 花生 pea 豌豆 tomato 西红柿 bush 灌木丛Answer: bush 灌木丛7. Play a guessing game ( one student describes the words and others guess)flower 花 violet紫罗兰 tree 树 grass 草 vine 藤 bamboo 竹子Step4. Review the basic sentence patterns.要点解析简单句就是只包含一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语的句子。简单句的基本句型根据句子基本结构，英语简单句由三种主要动词（连系动词、不及物动词、及物动词）构成。这五个基本句型如下：S十V主谓结构S十V十P主系表结构S十V十O主谓宾结构S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构基本句型一：S十V主谓结构 这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词，这些动词常见的有：appear, apologize, arrive, come, go, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, take place, rise,等等。例句：The rain stopped. 雨停了。 They are talking. 他们在讲话。Most students work hard大部分学生努力学习。Our dreams have come true. 我们的梦想已经实现了。1). 学生们学习很努力。_2). 我的家乡已经发生了很大的变化。 _3). 事故是昨天晚上发生的。 _补充: 少数不及物动词后面能跟一个相同意义的名词作宾语，这个名词和前面的动词在词根上是相同的或者在意义上是相近的，这样的宾语就叫做同源宾语。常见的能带同源宾语的动词有：lead, live, die, sleep, dream, breathe, smile, laugh, fight, run, sing等。例如：4). Under the leadership of the Party, the peasants lead a happy life._。5). I dreamed a terrible dream last night. _。6). Our soldiers fought a wonderful fight against the floods last August._。7). He died a glorious death. _。基本句型二:S十V十P主系表结构例句：He is an IT engineer他是一位信息工程师。The cloth feels smooth这块布料手感细滑。The fish tastes wonderful. 鱼尝起来非常美味。这种句型中的系动词一般可分为下列两类：A. 表示状态的连系动词。这些词有：be, look, seem, appear, smell, feel, taste, sound, keep, remain, 等等。如：8) We should _ _ any time. 我们在任何时候都应该保持冷静。9) 这种食物尝起来很糟糕。_.B. 表示转变或结果的系动词。这些词有：become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove,等等。如：10) Autumn comes. It is getting cooler and cooler. 秋天到了，天气变的越来越凉爽。11) Dont have the food. _. 不要吃那种食物，它已经变质了。12) The fact _ _. 这个事实证明是正确的。基本句型三: S十V十O主谓宾结构这种句型中的动词应为及物动词或者可以后接宾语的动词短语。同时，句子中有时含有与宾语有关的状语。作宾语的成分常是：名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句。如：例句：Mary bought a book. Mary 买了一本书。Do you know what to do next? 你知道下一步做什么吗？I have finished reading the text. 我已经读完课文了。You must try to improve. 你必须试着提高。13) 我昨天看了一部电影。_.14) You place me in a difficult situation._。15）They finally managed to get along with us. _。16）They have _ _ _ of the children这些孩子他们照看得很好。17）I dont like being treated like this._。基本句型四: S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构，O1间接宾语；O2直接宾语例句：The old man gave the little boy some coins 老人给了那个小男孩几个硬币。MrHardey teaches US European Literature 哈代先生教我们欧洲文学。His aunt bought him a book and several toys 他婶婶给他买了一本书和几个玩具。His praise gave US great encouragement 他的表扬给了我们很大的鼓舞。The programmer is showing us how to use the computer程序员正在教我们如何使用电脑。这种句型中作间接宾语的常常指“人”，直接宾语常常指“物”。如：18）Yesterday her father _ _ _ _ as a birthday present. 昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物。19) The old man is telling the children stories in the Long March._。这种句型还可转换为其他两种句型：A. 动词 直接宾语 for sb.；（常见的动词有：buy(买), choose(选择), get (弄到), make(做), order(订购), sing (唱歌), do (做), play(演奏) ）B. 动词 直接宾语 to sb.。 （常见的动词有：give(给), tell(告诉) , lend(借给) , sell(卖), teach(教) , send(寄给), write(写给), show(出示) , return(还给), bring(带给), pass(递给), leave(留给), offer(提供), hand(交给)）注意：如果直接宾语为人称代词那么必须把直接宾放在间接宾语前，且间接宾语前要加上适当的介词。e.g. I handed it to our teacher . 不能说：I handed our teacher it .20) Please show me your picture. =Please _ _ _ _ _. 请把你的画给我看一下。21) Ill offer you a good chance as long as you don t lose heart. =Ill offer _ _ _ _ _ as long as you dont lose heart.只要你不失去信心，我会给你提供机会的。基本句型五: S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构这类句型中及物动词本身需要一个宾语外， 还需要一个名词，形容词，副词, 动词不定式，分词，介词短语等来补充说明宾语，才能表达一个完整的意念。例句：We think Creek too difficult我们认为希腊语太难了。 We made him captain我们选他作队长。They dont want to let us go他们不想让我们走。When the policemen came in，they found the old man dead警察进来时发现老人死了。He 1ikes to watch the boys playing football. 他喜欢看那些男孩们踢足球。练：22）Keep _, please. 请让孩子们安静下来。23）他把墙漆成白色。_.24）我们发现他是一个诚实的人。_.注意：动词have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, observe, watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时，不带to。但变为被动语态时， 则要带”to”如：25）The boss made him do the work all day. _。26）He was seen to steal the old mans money ._。Step5. Exercise:1. 判断下面各句分别属于简单句的哪种基本句型：1. Your sister dances beautifully. ( )2. Doing that would be playing with fire. ( )3. I will tell my friends to protect the environment. ( )4. They kept their marriage a secret. ( )5. She gave me her telephone number. ( )6. Good food keeps you healthy. ( )7. I advise waiting till the right time. ( )8. Did you sleep well? ( )9. Horse-riding and shooting are some of the more unusual events. ( )10. Pop music makes people feel easy and forget about the real world. ( )2. 翻译下列句子：1所有的问题都不容易回答。2你的梦想一定能实现的。3昨天你看到他了吗？4她的伯父昨天给了她一件很好的礼物。5他们都叫他“小胖”。6你有办法发动这部汽车吗？7我每天早晨六点钟起床。8正在下着雨。9What pet do you keep?10There were some students reading in the classroom then.11Amy always helps her mother after school.12Tom often makes his teacher angry.13Did you see anyone go into that house?14Helen looks very happy today.15I was born in a little town in the south of Taiwan.3. 写作：Choose a topic to write a short passage.(1) my family(2) my friend(3) my school life4. Choose the best answer.1. Dont smoke in the meeting-room，_? A. do you B. will you C. can you Dcould you2.Canned food do not go _ easily A. sourly B. sour C. souring D. soured3. I shall make your dream _.A. coming true B. come true Cto come true Dcomes true4. Even in bed his uneasiness about his riches kept him_. Awake Bawake Cwaken Dto awaken5. I think _ a good habit to get up early. Athis Bit Cthat Dits6. Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother? I dont know，_. Anor dont I care Bnor do I care CI dont care neither DI dont care also7. The television set will keep us _of the news of the day Ainformed Bentertained Ceducated Dinform8. The speaker found himself _ all alone. A. leave B. to leave C1eaving D1eft9. The day we were longing for _ at last A. coming Bcame Cto come Dcome10. He did all he could _the poor people in the mountain area Ahelp Bto help Chelping Dhelped11. Every minute must be made full use of _our lessons Ado Bdoing Cdone Dto do12. The life he has been used to _disturbed nowAbeing Bbe Cto be Dis being13. Would you like to come to dinner. Id like to,_ Im too busy. A. and B. so C. as D. but14. Mrs. Black doesnt believe her son is able to design a digital c