2016106培养听说读写技能的先决条件是说写.doc

培养听说读写技能的先决条件是说写【之五】张铁城 2016、10、6 发送新加坡最佳中学的最佳中三1班即初一学生的作文是词汇级别最标准的一篇文章中国学生要重视写的训练必然会提高说的能力这是我们熟悉的英语教学大师亚历山大的主张“Speaking and writing are the most important of these skills, since to some extent, they presuppose the other two.”译文：“说与写在这几种能力中，是最重要的，因为在某种程度上，这两种能力是另外两种能力的先决条件。”【见：亚历山大（L.G.Alexander）在新概念英语第二册（全英语版 p.viii）】 遗憾的是：我们北京高考的书面表达分数一直不高。2009年北京英语高考书面表达满分35分，但是平均分数只有17.5分，相当于100分的50分。第五章新加坡中学作文 准备向真正的英语原著过渡比赛成绩公布通知原文 及四篇一等奖获奖作文共计2,874个英语单词。第三篇获奖作文2008年新加坡南华中学作文比赛 一等奖 中三1班Terence Chua Jie 1st Prize - Secondary Three CategoryLi Yanzhe （301）词汇级别统计全文共计937个英语单词，其中：一级词汇661个，占70.54%；二级词汇64个，占 6.83%；三级词汇 50个，占 5.33%；级词汇 71个，占 7.57%；无级别词汇91个，占 9.71%；一级、二级、三级词汇总计：775个，占80.57%。1st Prize - Secondary Three CategoryLi Yanzhe （301）“What will my life be like?”I wondered.As a newborn silkworm resting in my cozy（） cosy1 BrE cozy AmE /kuzi US kouzi/ adj a place that is cosy is small, comfortable, and warmThe living room was warm and cosy . cocoon kku:nn. 茧, my mind was filled with curiosity（）. Wonder（） was the theme of my life. I enjoyed asking all sorts of questions about life, and equally enjoyed giving each of the questions my own answer based on my imagination. “Will the outside world be freezing（）and harsh（）for me?” Curled（）in a warm corner of my solitary tending to spend a lot of time alone: space, I suddenly felt insecure.“Will I encounter enemies and be hurt by them in that world?”Heavily struck by the appalling（） idea, I started to squirm sk:m蠕动, 辗转不安involuntarily invlntrili ad. 不知不觉地, 无意识地.“Will I successfully find a comfortable shelter（） and some food to live on in that world?”I glanced at the soothing silk（）around me, unable to control the escalating eskleit v. 逐步扩大, 逐步升高, 逐步增强suspicion（）which had long been fermentingf:ment 发酵, 动乱.That world suddenly seemed very distant and scary（）to me. An uncanny nkni a.不可思议的pang a sudden feeling of pain, sadness etc of invincible invinsbla. 不能征服的, 无敌的 fear gripped（）me and threatened to overwhelm（）me. “That world,”I murmured（）, feeling vulnerable.“That scary（）world of danger and loneliness - I do not want!”My fear flared（）and melted（） into petulant /petlnt/ adj behaving in an unreasonably impatient and angry way, like a child anger smoldering literary if someone smoulders or if their feelings smoulder, they have strong feelings that they do not fully express violently（）.Under the onslaught a large violent attack by an army of such fear, my interest in an adventurous journey of discovery waned. Gradually, I began to repel drive (sb/sth) back or away; this outside world. The call of adventure（）trailed（）off as I feverishly拼命迫不及待地狂热地spun more silk（）and built a thicker and thicker wall barricading me from the world, until the world disappeared in my mind.I sank into a seemingly（）eternal it:nl a. 永恒的, 永远的, 不灭的state of serenity / srenti / noun uncount a feeling of being calm or peacefulin my limited space, yet my heart pounded（） violently（）against my chest, as if fear was determined to deprive（）me of the original privilege of peace that I had enjoyed. The fear melted（）into fatigue（）which penetrated（） every nerve of my body. Feeling drowsy / drazi / adjective feeling that you want to sleep: and listless listlis a. 倦怠的, 无精打采的, I dozed off.I dreamt of the mysterious（）world which scared（）me before; I dreamt of life and death; I dreamt of my future, my love and my hatred（）. The dream seemed endless（）. My brain was on the verge边缘of exploding（）.The dream did have an end, which was when the unbearable stifling窒息 air around me wakened me. No sooner did I open my sleepy（） eyes than I sensed（）something wrong around me.The unbroken darkness engulfed吞没 me completely, blinded（） me and upset me. Although I waited for ages, the brightness remained hidden. Not until I bumped into the wall of my chrysalis /krislis/蛹, 茧, 形成阶段did I realize that my cocoon茧kku:nhad hardened（）and was no longer cozy（）. My previous ignorant ignrnt a.(of)不知道的；无知的，愚昧的action of wrapping myself turned out to be a fatuous /ftus/ very silly or stupidand harmful（）way of venting发泄 my frustration（）- I had confined myself within an airtight密封的silk（）-made chamber which even light could not pass through.Time flew without stopping while I grew weaker and weaker as if under an insidious insidis 隐伏的,curse诅咒. Just as I was viciously恶狠狠地deprived（）of my physical strength, I miraculously retrieved/rtriv/ v formal to find something and bring it backrecover my mental sobriety清醒.“I must escape from this living hell. It is life-threatening!”The idea of death made me shudder（） d 战栗, 发抖, and the fear started to brew酝酿again. It was not the same fear which had made me flinch 畏缩earlier. Rather, it was a kind of fear which moulded（）my willpower into working in overdrive特别努力. “I must find light! I must gain freedom!”The fear was surprisingly transformed into a strong determination and ceaselessly stirred me to struggle（）out of the confinement of ignorance and cowardice. “I must figure a way to survive! I must face the world!”My fear rose again and became a turbulent t:bjulnt a. 狂暴的, 骚乱的, 紊乱的torrentt:rntn. 奔流, 倾盆大雨, 倾注, 迸发of motivation（）.Torrents of motivation（）were strengthened by a burning desire（）for survival. It flooded my mind and chased away the initial lingering（）fear.“Bang!”I made my first attempt to break out of the confinement by bumping my body against the wall of the chrysalis茧. I repeated the attempt a few times in a bid to create an access to the outside world, although I did not know whether this action would reap ri:p vt. 收割, 收获, 获得success. “Bang! Bang!”I persevered,p:sivivi. 坚持, 孜孜不倦, 不屈不挠, (辩论中)固执己见 in making a hole. Once. Twice（）. Thrice I did not stop.Blood streaked（）down my painful（） body which was riddled with very full of something bad or unpleasant scalding FORMAL very severe: wounds（）. Yet, the craving an extremely strong desire for something for survival outrivaled,autraivl 打败, 胜过the physical affliction pain; suffering; distress. Heedless of my wounds（）and blood, I carried on my job in anticipation（）when you are expecting something to happenof the freedom I would gain. Pain became intense and increasingly torturous.I did not stop.I continued to attack the solid chrysalis, to attack my fear, clinging（）to the faith that I would succeed.“Bang! Bang! Pong.”A trickle flow in a thin stream of sunshine dispelleddrive (sth) away; cause to vanish the darkness. The battle against confinement was won.Dragging my haggard憔悴的, 形容枯槁body towards the brightness. I poked（）捅 the hole with my mouth to enlarge（）it. Bit by bit, the dim chamber grew warmer and brighter.I took a deep breath, and jumped out of the cocoon. It was the first jump（）in my life, a jump（）into success and freedom.I fluttered my iridescent /rdesnt/ adj formal showing colours that seem to change in different lightswings