Section A选词填空.doc

1.Section ADirections：/n this section，there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any on the words in the bank more than once.Questions _36_ to_45_are based on the follow inggpassage.“Made in China” lost its novelty(新颖)long ago.The label has become _36_ in much of the world，stick to shoes，toys，clothes and a host of other items produced for global companies.What is novelty, however, are China.made goods _37_ under Chinese brand names.Only a handful of Chinese firms so _38_ have the money and the management technique to establish international_39_.Most of the vast companies are struggling to get even national recognition.But the pioneering companies which have started exploring overseas market might be _40_ as on the beginning of something big.Some_41_ that individually，with the help of enterprising local management or eager multinational partners wanting to add new products to their stable，Chinese brands could become a global phenomenon within a decade，marketed on quality and foreign appeal，as _ 42 _ as competitive pricing.The concept of Chinese brands has been evolving through the 1990s，but is now getting_43_ attention at home.Although the domestic market is still robust，a handful of_ 44_enterprises，or SOEs，including listed Chinese companies，are now looking to establish international brands because they believe the quality of both their products and their management has _45_.Chinese joint ventures think their products can compete on quality with foreign brands anywhere，while enjoying the advantage of being perceived as exotic. 36.【解析】L。此题应填形容词。根据第一句可推断此句的意思是说：“中国制造一的标签在全世界都广为 流传，鞋子、玩具、衣服上都贴着“中国制造”。37.【解析】M。根据上文中提到贴有“中国制造”的国际品牌的商品并不稀奇，推断下文要继续阐述真正稀 奇的事情是什么。此句中的however表转折，此句意为：而稀奇的是冠以中国品牌销售的中国制造的商品。38.【解析】D。分析句子成份发现不缺主干成份，故只能是修饰句子的状语成份。再根据句子的时态为现 在完成时，可推断出此处为与现在完成时的惯用搭配so far，意为“目前为止”。39.【解析】N。因为通篇都在提中国品牌、外国品牌和国际品牌，故此空选brands最合适。40.【解析】E。固定搭配regard sth.as sth.认为某物为某物，而look的同义搭配为look upon sth.as sth.。41.【解析】G。此处应填可接mat宾语从句的动词。believe为“相信或认为”的意思。42.【解析】A。固定搭配aswell as，意为“也、又”，表并列关系。43.【解析】H。此处应填形容词修饰attention。中国品牌的概念在20世纪90年代就已经存在了，但显然 现在对于它的关注要比当初更多。44.【解析】K。下文中的SOE是此名词的缩写。45.【解析】J。根据句意，这些企业之所以想建立国际品牌是因为他们认为其产品和管理都已经有所改进。2.Section ADirections：In this section，there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.The typical preindustrial family not only had a good many children，but numerous other dependents as wellgrandparents，uncles，aunts and cousins.Such “extended” families were suited for survival in slow paced _36_ societies.But such families are hard to_37_.They are immobile.Industrialism demanded masses of workers ready and able to move off the land in pursuit of jobs，and to move again whenever necessary.Thus the extended family 38 shed its excess weight and the so called “nuclear” family emergeda strippeddown，portable family unit_39_0nly of parents and a small set of children.This new style of family, far more_40_than the traditional extended family，became the standard model in all the industrial countries.Super-industrialism，however, the next stage of ec0technological development，_41_ even higher mobility.Thus we may expect many among the people of the future to carry the streamlining process，a step further by remaining children，cutting the family down to its more_42_components，a man and a woman.Two people，perhaps with matched careers，will prove more efficient at navigating through education and social status，through job changes and geographic relocations，than the ordinarily childcluttered family.A_43_maybe the postponement of children，rather than childlessness.Men and women today are often torn in_44_between a commitment to career and a commitment to children.In the future，many_45_will side aside this problem by deferring the entire task of raising children until after retirement.36.【解析】 J。此处应填形容词，修饰名词societies。文章第一句就说The typical pre-industrial family“工业化之前的典型家庭模式”，也就是“extended” family，存在于工业化之前的社会，即agricultural society。选项中的primary society“原始社会”不符合原文意思。37.【解析】A。由be hard to do sth.可知，此处应填动词原形。根据They are immobile“这样的家庭很 难流动”，可知只有transplant“迁居，迁移”符合文意。38.【解析】C。此处应填副词，修饰动词shed。选项中的副词有gradually和continually，原文中and the So-called “nuclear” family emerged“所谓的核心家庭便出现了”，emerge意为“浮现”，强调经过一 个过程后出现的。由此可以判断核心家庭从无到有逐渐出现，而不是连续不断地出现，故选择gradually。39.【解析】O。此处需填表示“包含，由组成”的词。选项中的including和consisting均可以表示此意， 但由原文中的of可排除includin9，consist of为固定搭配。40.【解析】H。由morethan可知，此处应填形容词，构成形容词的比较级结构。前面提到the traditional extended family是immobile，那么新型的家庭模式应该更具有流动性，故应选H。41.【解析】M。此处缺少谓语动词。根据下文可以推测super-industrialism“(更发达的)超级工业化”需要更具流动性的家庭。空格处应填表示“需要，需求”的词。故选requires，表示出自一种迫切的需要 而提出的要求。42.【解析】E。此处应填形容词，用来修饰名词components。文中说明家庭被减缩到由男人和女人组成。选项中的E)elemental“基本的，本质的”，而N)primary“主要的，最早的”，原文强调的是男人和女人是一个家庭最basic的组成部分，故E)更符合原文意思。43.【解析】L。此处应填名词。晚要孩子，而不是不要孩子，是解决工作和孩子的折中的办法，故选项中的L)compromise“妥协，折中”符合文意。而solution虽然也表示解决办法，但不能表达夫妇们 无可奈何的心情，故排除。44.【解析】F。上题中已提到工作和要孩子之间存在矛盾，故选conflict。45.【解析】I。此处需填名词。空格后讲到养育孩子的问题，那么要解决这个问题应是夫妻两人，故这里应填I)couples。3.Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can (36)performance at work and school. Cognitive (认识派的) researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on (37) and gifts from others.The latter view has gained many supporters, (38)among educators. But the careful use of small(39)rewards speaks creativity in grade school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements (刺激) indeed(40)inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.If kids know theyre working for a reward and can focus on a relatively (41)task, they show the most creativity, says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. But its easy to (42)creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands our high grades for (43)achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and (44)failing grades.In early grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows(45)in raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.A) mental B) promise C) kill D) avoid E) hope F) especially G) aidH)ordinary I) approval J) monetary K) generally L) improve M) challenging N) restore O) excellent36.【解析】L。由can得知此处填动词原形。第一段主要提出了行为学家和认知派研究专家对于额外奖励的不同看法，因此可以推出此处应填与destroy意思相反的动词，选项有improve和aid，但能与performance构成动宾搭配的只有improve，故排除aid，选improve。37.【解析】I。由空格后的and gifts可知此处应填名词。认知派研究专家认为，由于奖励助长了人们期望、从别人那得到和物质奖励的心理，而往往会破坏创造力，因此，选项中只有approval“认同”符合题意。38.【解析】 F。此处应填副词。可选项有generally和especially，但从文章后面所举的例子来理解，此处是为了突出强调教育家支持认知派研究专家的看法，因此只有especially“尤其，特别”符合题意。39.【解析】J。此处应填形容词修饰rewards。由But转折可知此句表明的观点与认知派研究专家的观点“物质奖励有害”相反，因此可以推出此处应填的形容词是表示“物质奖励”意思的词，选项中只有monetary符合题意。40.【解析】 G。此处应填动词。由But转折可知，此处表明的观点与前者即行为学家所持的观点一致，原文为“适当地给予奖励刺激确实创造力”，选项中只有aid“有助于(刺激)”符合题意。41.【解析】M。此处应填形容词修饰task。从原文来看，如果孩子们知道他们在为获得奖励而努力，并能专注于相对的任务，他们就会表现出很大的创造力，因此只有challengin9符合题意。42.【解析】 C。由it its easy to d0结构可知，此处应填动词原形。由此句中But转折与前一句中show the most creativity可以推出，此处应填的词应与show the most creativity表达的意思相反，且与destroy意思相近，故选项中只有kill符合题意。43.【解析】H。此处应填形容词修饰achievement0由此句中high grades和uninspired可以推出此处应填的词应与high形成对比，故只有ordinary符合。44.【解】 N。由空格前的and可知，此处应填动词，与tighten构成并列。可选项有avoid和restore，但由tighten可推出，既然是使评分标准严格，那么就会有高分和低分，也会有不及格，故只有restore“恢复”符合题意。avoid“避免(不及格)”不符合原文意思。45.【解析】B。很明显此处应填名词作shows的宾语。原文为“实行所谓象征性奖励，在努力提高学生创造力方面有，”可选项有promise和hope，而hope是人主观的愿望、希望，但此处强调的是“ 有实现的可能性，有前景”，故排除hope而选promise。4.Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a let. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Britain is not just one country and one people; even if some of its inhabitants think so. Britain is, in fact, a nation which can be divided into several (36) parts, each part being an individual country with its own language, character and cultural (37) . Thus Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales do not claim to (38) to England because their inhabitants are not (39) English. They are Scottish, Irish or Welsh and many of them prefer to speak their own native tongue, which in turn is (40) to the others.These cultural minorities (少数名族) have been Britains original inhabitants. In varying degrees they have managed to (41) their national characteristics, and their particular customs and way of life. This is probably even more true of the (42) areas where traditional life has not been so affected by the (43) of industrialism as the border areas have been. The Celtic races are said to be more emotional by nature than the English. An Irish temper is legendary. The Scots would rather (44) about their reputation for excessive thrift and prefer to be remembered for their folk songs and dances, while the Welsh are famous for their singing. The Celtic (45) as a whole produces humorous writers and artists, such as the Irish Bernard Shaw, the Scottish Robert Bums, and the WelshDylan Thomas, to mention but a few.A) incomprehensible B) temperC) remotD) separatE) understandableF) forgetG) generally H) temperament I) preserveJ) strictly K) traditions L) reserve M) growth N) apply O) belong36.【解析】 D。此处应填形容词，修饰名词parts。文章首句即提出观点Britain is notjust one country and one people“英国不只是一个国家和一个民族”，又从后文的divided int0，each part以及individual corn.时可知英国被分成几个分离的部分，选项中只有separate表达了这个意思，故D正确。37.【解析】 K。此处应填名词。选项中有四个词temper temperament，traditions和growth，能和language和character并列且能被cultural修饰只有traditions，其他几个名词不符合文意。38.【解析】 0。此处应填动词原形。前文中说明英国被分成独立的几部分，各自保留自己的文化传统;后文中“because”说明苏格兰、北爱尔兰以及威尔士的居民不承认自己是“English”，说明他们并不承认自己属于“England”，故这里应该选择belon9。apply也可以和t0连用，但apply t0表示“将应用于”，不符合上下文意思。39.【解析】 J。此处应填形容词或副词修饰English。选项中的副词有generally和strictly，文中要表达的意思是因为这几个部分都有自己的语言和文化传统，所以严格来说，他们不是“English”，但他们都属于English。故strictly符合文意。generally“一般地，大体地”放在原文意义上不够严谨。三个形容词不能使语义通顺。40.I解析l A。此处应填形容词。从前文中“prefer to speak their own native tongue”，即苏格兰语、爱尔兰语和威尔士语，而这些语言对the others来说是陌生的，听不懂的。那么就不难从选项中的in come.sensible和understandable中选择前者，故incomprehensible“不能理解的”正确。41.【解析】I。由manage t0结构可知此处要填的是动词原形。选项中的动词原形还有forget，preserve，re.serve和apply。从下文中“traditional life has not been SO affected”可知他们成功地保留了自己的传统，排除forget和apply;reserve和preserve都有“保留”的意思，前者指存留起来以派别的用场，后者指想办法保持原样，强调抵制破坏因素，故preserve符合文意。42.【解析】C。此处应填形容词修饰areas。从后文“where traditional life has not been SO affected by theof industrialism人们的传统生活受工业化的影响没有那么大的地方”可以推知，这些地方是比较偏远的地方，选项中的remote。偏僻的，遥远的”符合上下文意思。43.【解析】 M。此处应填名词。border area“边界地区”的工业化发展比remote area要快，所以此处要填的词是表示上升、增长的词，表示工业化的发展，选项9rowth“增长，发展”符合上下文意思。44.【解析】F。此处应填动词原形。would rather和prefer意思相同，表示“宁愿”的意思。前面说的是过分节俭的坏名声，后面说的是宁愿让人记住他们的民歌与舞蹈。所以填入动词的意思应该与remember意思相反，选项中的forget符合上下文意思。45.【解析】 H。此处应填名词。选项中剩下的名词还有temper和temperament。前者指脾气，指情绪上的主要特征，后者指特征、气质，尤指带感情色彩的个性和在社交上的个性。这里指的是整个凯尔特民族的特征，故temperament正确。5.Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.They go to one of the worlds most prestigious universities and pride themselves on their superior intellect but almost half of Cambridge students admit they are not immune from the temptation to cheat and submit essays they find on Google, a survey suggests.The results of a(n) 36online poll of more than 1,000 students 37by the student newspaper Varsity found that 49 per cent of undergraduates pass other peoples work off as their own at some point during their university 38. Only 5 per cent said they had 39been caught plagiarizing ( 剽窃).Academics in universities across t