六年级复习资料单词句型归类.doc

单词归类学习用品(school things)：pen钢笔pencil铅笔pencil-case铅笔盒ruler尺子book书bag包schoolbag书包 comic book漫画书post card明信片newspaper报纸eraser橡皮crayon蜡笔sharpener卷笔刀story-book故事书notebook笔记本Chinese book语文书English book英语书math book数学书magazine杂志dictionary词典人体（body）：foot脚head头face脸hair头发nose鼻子mouth嘴eye眼睛ear耳朵arm手臂hand手finger手指leg腿tail尾巴颜色（colours）：red红blue蓝yellow黄green绿white白black黑pink粉红purple紫orange橙brown棕动物（animals）：cat猫dog狗pig猪duck鸭rabbit兔horse马snake蛇elephant大象ant蚂蚁fish鱼bird鸟eagle鹰beaver海狸mouse老鼠squirrel松鼠kangaroo袋鼠monkey猴panda熊猫bear熊lion狮子tiger老虎fox狐狸zebra斑马deer鹿giraffe长颈鹿goose鹅hen母鸡turkey火鸡lamb小羊sheep绵羊goat山羊cow奶牛donkey驴squid鱿鱼lobster龙虾shark鲨鱼 seal海豹 sperm whale抹香鲸 killer whale虎鲸人物（people）：friend朋友boy男孩girl女孩mother母亲father父亲sister姐妹brother兄弟uncle叔叔；舅舅man男人woman女人Mr.先生Miss小姐lady女士；小姐mom妈妈dad爸爸parents父母aunt姑姑grandparents祖父母grandma/grandmother（外）祖母grandpa/grandfather（外）祖父cousin堂（表）兄弟；堂（表）姐妹son儿子daughter女儿baby婴儿kid小孩classmate同学queen女王visitor参观者neighbour邻居principal校长university student大学生pen pal笔友tourist旅行者people人物robot机器人职业（jobs）：teacher教师student学生doctor医生nurse护士driver司机farmer农民singer歌唱家writer作家actor男演员actress女演员artist画家engineer工程师 accountant会计assistant售货员 TV reporter电视台记者policeman(男)警察salesperson销售员cleaner清洁工baseball player棒球运动员police警察食品、饮料（food & drink）：rice米饭bread面包beef牛肉milk牛奶water水egg蛋fish鱼tofu豆腐cake蛋糕hot dog热狗hamburger汉堡包French fries炸薯条cookie曲奇biscuit饼干jam果酱noodles面条meat肉chicken鸡肉pork猪肉mutton羊肉vegetable蔬菜salad沙拉soup汤ice冰ice-cream冰淇淋Coke可乐juice果汁tea茶coffee咖啡breakfast早餐lunch午餐dinner/supper晚餐meal一餐水果、蔬菜(fruit & vegetables)：apple苹果banana香蕉pear梨orange橙watermelon西瓜grape葡萄eggplant茄子green beans青豆tomato西红柿potato土豆peach桃strawberry草莓cucumber黄瓜onion洋葱carrot胡萝卜cabbage卷心菜衣服（clothes）：jacket夹克衫shirt衬衫T-shirt丅恤衫skirt短裙子dress连衣裙jeans牛仔裤pants长裤socks袜子shoes鞋子sweater毛衣coat上衣raincoat雨衣shorts短裤sneakers网球鞋slippers拖鞋sandals凉鞋boots靴子hat(有沿的)帽子cap便帽sunglasses太阳镜tie领带scarf围巾gloves手套trousers裤子cloth布交通工具(vehicles)：bike自行车bus公共汽车train火车boat小船ship轮船car小汽车taxi出租车jeep吉普车van小货车；面包车plane/airplane飞机subway地铁motor cycle摩托车杂物（other things）：window窗户door门desk课桌chair椅子bed床computer计算机board写字板fan风扇light灯teachers desk讲台photo照片picture图画；照片 wall墙壁floor地板 curtain窗帘 trash bin垃圾箱closet壁橱mirror镜子end table床头柜walkman随身听lamp台灯phone电话sofa沙发shelf书架fridge冰箱table桌子TV电视key钥匙lock锁 air-conditioner空调餐具plate盘子knife刀fork叉spoon勺子chopsticks筷子 pot锅玩具toy ：doll洋娃娃 ball球 balloon气球 kite风筝 yo-yo溜溜球 jigsaw puzzle拼图游戏乐器 ：piano 钢琴 violin小提琴 erhu二胡 guitar吉它地点（places）：home家classroom教室school学校park公园library图书馆post office邮局police office警察局hospital医院cinema电影院bookstore书店farm农场zoo动物园garden花园study书房playground操场canteen食堂teachers office教师办公室 library图书馆 gym体育馆washroom卫生间art room绘画教室 computer room计算机教室 music room音乐教室TV room电视机房flat公寓company公司factory工厂fruit stand水果摊pet shop宠物商店country国家 nature park自然公园theme park主题公园science museum科学博物馆the Great Wall长城supermarket超市bank银行village乡村city城市hometown家乡bus stop公交车站room房间：bedroom卧室bathroom卫生间living room起居室kitchen厨房 study书房课程（classes）：sports体育运动science科学Moral Education思想品德课Social Studies社会课Chinese语文math数学PE体育课English英语课国家、城市（countries & cities）：China/PRC中国America/USA美国UK/England英国Canada/CAN加拿大Australia澳大利亚New York纽约London伦敦Sydney悉尼Moscow莫斯科Cairo开罗气象（weather）：cold寒冷的warm温暖的cool凉爽的snowy下雪的sunny晴朗的hot炎热的rainy下雨的windy有风的cloudy多云的weather report天气预报自然景物（nature）：river河流lake湖泊stream河；溪forest森林path小道road公路house房子bridge桥building建筑物rain雨cloud云sun太阳mountain山sky天空rainbow彩虹wind风air空气moon月亮植物（plants）：flower花grass草tree树seed种子sprout苗plant植物rose玫瑰leaf叶子星期（week）：Monday(Mon)星期一Tuesday(Tue)星期二Wednesday(Wed)星期三Thursday (Thu)星期四Friday(Fri)星期五Saturday(Sat)星期六Sunday(Sun)星期天weekend周末月份（months）：Jan. (January)一月Feb.（February）二月Mar.(March)三月April四月May五月June六月July七月Aug.(August)八月Sept.(September)九月Oct.(October)十月Nov.(November)十一月Dec.(December)十二月季节（seasons）：spring春summer夏fall/autumn秋winter冬方位（directions）：south南north北east东west西left左边right右边患病（illness）：have a fever发烧 hurt疼痛 have a cold感冒 have a toothache牙疼have a headache头疼 have a sore throat喉咙疼数词（numbers）：one一two二three三four四five五six六seven七eight八nine九ten十eleven十一twelve十二thirteen十三fourteen十四fifteen十五 sixteen十六 seventeen十七 eighteen十八 nineteen十九twenty二十 thirty三十 forty四十 fifty五十 sixty六十 seventy七十eighty八十 ninety九十 forty-two四十二 hundred百one/a hundred and thirty-six一百三十六序数词first(1st)第一second(2nd)第二third(3rd)第三fourth(4th)第四fifth(5th)第五eighth第八ninth第九twelfth第十二twentieth第二十thirtieth第三十fortieth第四十fiftieth第五十sixtieth第六十seventieth第七十eightieth第八十ninetieth第九十fifty-sixth第五十六介词（prep.）：in在里on在上；under在下面near在的旁边behind在后边next to与相邻over在上面in front of在前面 in the middle (of)在中间节日 ：Tree-planting Day植树节(3.12) New Years Day元旦(1.1) Childrens Day儿童节(6.1) Army Day建军节(8.1) Christmas Day圣诞节(12.25)National Day国庆节(10.1) Spring Festival春节 Dragon Boat Festival端午节TeachersDay教师节(9.10) Mid-Autumn Day中秋节 Womens Day妇女节(3.8) Lanterns Day元宵节 Easter Day复活节 Thanksgiving Day感恩节Halloween万圣节 Mothers Day母亲节 Fathers Day父母亲节 April Fools Day愚人节(4.1) 时间time :second秒 minute分 hour时 day天 week星期 month月 year年 tomorrow明天 yesterday昨天 morning早晨、上午 noon中午 afternoon下午 evening傍晚 night 晚上 情绪 ：happy高兴 sad伤心 excited兴奋 bored无聊 tired累 angry生气 unhappy不高兴 cry哭 laugh笑 smile微笑性格 ： funny幽默 kind和蔼 smart聪明 strict严格active活泼 quiet安静外貌特征young 年青 old年老 tall高 short矮 strong强壮 thin 瘦 fat胖 词汇分类对应词 ：man-woman he-she his-her boy-girl father-mothersister-brother aunt-uncle grandpa-grandma mum-dad spring-falldaughter(女儿)-son(儿子) summer-winter morning-evening here-there this-that these-those breakfast-supper/dinnerking(国王)-queen(王后)反义词 ：come-go hot-cold warm-cool good-bad stand(站)-sit坐) up(上)-down(下) stand up(起立)-sit down(坐下) old-young old-new under(上面)-on(下面) out(外面)-in(里面) inside(外面)-outside(里面) white-black why-because fast(快)-slow(慢) long-short short-tall east-west north-south big-small wrong-right right-left hungry(饿)-full(饱) next-last after(以后)-before(以前) early(早)-late(迟) quiet(安静)-loud(吵闹) always never behind-in front of far-near open-close teacher-learn cheap-expensive sweet(甜)-sour(酸) same-different win-lose turn on(打开)-turn off(关掉) get on-get off ask(问)-answer(答) get up-go to bed laugh(笑)-cry(哭) lose(丢失)-find(找到) put on(穿上)-take off(脱下) arrive(到达)-leave(离开)同义词 ：happy-glad good-well hat-cap ill-sick like-love autumn-fall game-match shop-store telephone-phone big-large airplane-plane some-any desk-table dinner-supper m often-usually friend-pal bookshelf-shelf bicycle-bike photo-picture（照片） walk-on foot film-movie speak-say look out-watch out（小心） many-much play sports-do sports eat lunch-have lunch gift-present同音词 ：two-to,too four-for here-hear there-their see-sea know-no pear-pair bee-be flower-flour hour-our meat-meet where-wear by-buy,bye write-right son-sun would-wood I-eye deer-dear bored-board won-one缩写形式 ：Im=I am hes=he is shes=she is theres=there istheyre=they are youre=you arelets=let us Ill=I will I would=Id whats=what is where is-=where is 否定形式的缩写：cant=can not wont=will not dont=do not doesnt=does not isnt=is not arent=are notwasnt=was not should not=shouldnt总结：通常情况下，m即am，s即is（但 lets=let us）， re即are ，nt即not（但cant=can not） 表次数：once一次 twice两次 three times三次 four times四次名词复数规则：1、一般在名词末尾加s. boot-boots fan-fans 2、以s,ss,sh,ch,o,x结尾的在末尾加es. bus-buses class-classes glass-glasses dress-dresses box-boxesfish-fishes dish-dishes watch-watches sandwich-sandwiches tomato-tomatoes potato-potatoes (注意以o结尾的，有生命的加-es，没有生命的加-s：如，photo ) 3、以辅音加y结尾的,变y为i加 es. story-stories baby-babies body-bodies family-families country-countries city-cities strawberry-strawberries cherry-cherries不规则变化的名词复数： (1)man-men woman-women snowman-snowmen policeman-policemen (2)people-people sheep-sheep deer-deer（单复数同形）(3)foot-feet tooth-teeth goose-geese(4)leaf-leaves knife-knives scarf-scarves(5)child-children this-these that-those元音字母：Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu大小写字母相似字母：Cc Mm Oo Pp Ss Uu Vv Ww Xx Zz一、写出下列字母的左邻右舍。1.( ) Hh ( ) 2.( ) Bb ( ) 3.( ) Ll ( ) 4.( ) Rr ( ) 5.( ) Qq ( ) 6.( ) Ww ( )二、用小写字母抄写下列单词。1.ROOM( ) 2.UNDER( ) 3.PLEASE( ) 4.PICTURE( ) 5.WHERE( ) 6.TWINS( ) 三、将全是元音字母的那一组圈起来1. a c e 2. i e o 3. v u k 4. e u I 5. J B I 6. E T V 7. E I O 8. A U E四、写出与所给单词发音相同的字母（大小写）。1.bee ( ) 2.sea ( ) 3.tea ( ) 4.are ( ) 5.why ( ) 6.you ( )时态专项归类一般现在时 表一般现在时的时间词通常有：always, often, usually, sometimes, every day/morning/week/month/year.*单数第三人称的判断：1、男他 (he) 4、名字（吴一凡，陈洁，Tom, Mike.）2、女她( she) 5、称呼（爸，妈，叔，姨.）3、非人类它(it) 6、单数的物种（狗，树，书，女孩.）*当句子主语是单数第三人称时，动词通常在末尾要加s或es。1、通常在动词末尾加，如：2、以s,ss,sh,ch,o结尾的动词，末尾加es，如： goes washes watches teaches 3、以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i，再加es。 fly-flies4、物殊变化：have-has现在进行时 表现在进行时的时间词常有：now,listen,look.1、构成形式：be(am,is,are)+动词ing。2、动词的ing形式的构成规则：一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如, working , singing , eating 以e 结尾的动词，要先去e再加ing，如having , writing（看见的不能杀see,其它的格杀无论） 以一个元音字母加m,t,n,g,p结尾的，双写m,t,n,g,p再加ing（此类动词极少）：running , swimming , sitting , getting，putting,shopping,stopping,diging.(听见的listen不能双写加).将来时 : 表将来时的时间词通常有：tomorrow,in the future(将来), next week/month/year/Saturday/weekend.句子构成：1、 be(am,is,are)+动词原形。如：I am going to visit my grandma next weekend.2、 will+动词原形。如：I will go to school tomorrow. 过去式：表过去时的时间词通常有：yesterday, last week/month/year/summer/Sunday.、规则动词一般直接在动词的后面加ed：如worked , learned , cleaned 。以e结尾的动词直接加d：如lived , danced , used以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed（此类动词较少）如study studied（注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类） 双写最后一个字母（此类动词较少）如:stopped，shoppedB、不规则的过去式：am,is-was are-were go-went do-did swim-swam win-won lose-lost get-got find-found tell-told wear-wore leave-left see-saw say-said have-had read-read sing-sang take-took buy-bought eat-ate feel-felt run-ran come-came fly-flew meet-met make-made know-knew can-could will-would 句型专项归类1、形容词比较级当我们需要对事物作出比较时，需要用到比较级。比较级的句子结构通常是：什么 + 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than（比）+ 什么 ,如：Im taller and heavier than you. （我比你更高和更重。）An elephant is bigger than a tiger. （一只大象比一只老虎更大。）形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的，它的变化规则是： 一般的直接在词尾加er ，如 tall - taller , strong - stronger , 以e结尾的，直接加r ，如 fine finer , 以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i再加er，如funny funnier ,heavy-heavier.以一个元音字母加m,t,n,g,p 结尾的，双写最后的m,t,n,g,p字母再加er，如big bigger, thin thinner ,hot hotter，fat-fatter不规则的比较级：good-better-best many,much-more little-less 注意 比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。典型错误：My hair is longer than you.（我的头发比你更长。）比较的两者是我的头发、你（整个人），那么比较的对象就没有可比性。应该改为：My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.比较级专项练习: 一、从下面中选出合适的单词完成句子heavy tall long big(1) How is the Yellow River?(2) How is Mr. Green? Hes 175cm.(3) How are your feet? I wear size 18.(4)How is the fish? Its 2kg.二、根据句意写出所缺的单词(1) Im 12 years old. Youre 14. Im than you.(2) A rabbits tail is than a monkeys tail.(3) An elephant is than a pig.(4) A lake is than a sea.(5) A basketball is than a football.（贵的）三、根据中文完成句子.(1) 我比我的弟弟大三岁. Im than my brother.(2) 这棵树要比那棵树高. This tree than that one.(3) 你比他矮四厘米. You are than he.(4) 谁比你重? than you？四、根据答句写出问句(1) Im 160 cm.(2) Im 12 years old.(4) Amys hair is 30 cm long.2、否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子，如：Im not a student. She is not (isnt) a doctor.There are not (arent) four fans in our classroom.I do not(dont)go to school.He does not (doesnt) work in a hospital. I did not (didnt) watch TV yesterday evening.You can not(cant) wear your new skirt.He will not (wont) eat lunch at 12:00.注意 小结：否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 “not”。1、有be(am,is ,are,)的句子则“not”加在be后面，可缩写成“isnt，arent”，但am not 一般都分开写。2、有情态动词can，will,not加在can,will后面，可缩写成cant, wont.3、没有be(am,is ,are,)，也没有can,will的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词（do，does，did），然后在它后面加上“not”，你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“dont , doesnt , didnt ）。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时。3、一般疑问句：此类句子通常用“yes”，或“no”来回答。如：Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isnt.Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there arent. Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we arent.)Do you like English class? Yes, I do/ No, I dont.Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didnt. Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(wont).Can you make kites? Yes, I can/ No, I cant.注意 小结：一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上，有be动词(am,is are)的，把be动词(am,is are)调到首位，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。有情态动词can,will的,把can,will调到句首，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。没有be动词，也没有can,will的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词（do，does，did）再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。*这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” 。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致，即谁开关谁结尾。4、特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词（what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等）开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么，不能用“yes 、no”来回答。如：What is this? Its a computer.What does he do? Hes a doctor.Where are you going? Im going to Beijing.Who played football with you yesterday afternoon?常见特殊疑问词 ：单词 意思 用法 when什么时间问时间who谁问人whose谁的问主人where在哪里问地点which哪一个问选择why为什么问原因what什么问东西what time什