初中定语从句教学说课稿.doc

初中定语从句教学说课稿一、教学目标：通过本章复习, 使学生明白定语从句的构成和用法。二、教学重点和难点：限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别；关系代词与关系副词引导定语从句的不同；介词+关系代词引导定语从句；关系代词who, that, which的用法区别。定语从句与同位语从句及其一些句子结构的区别。三、教学过程1What is an attributive clause?2被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。连接先行词与定语从句的引导词叫关系词，其中which, that, who, whom 这些词叫关系代词，它们在句中用来指人或事物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，whom只能作宾语。作宾语时，关系代词可省略。请同学们根据以上所述, 给出一些例句, 用来说明。1. The students (who dont study hard) will not pass the exam.主句: The students will not pass the exam.限制性定语从句不能被省略,因为其中包含有重要的信息.如果我们去掉限制性定语从句,句子的意义会变的不明确.比如: 2. The woman (whom you saw in the park) is our English teacher.主句:The woman is our English teacher.3以上关系代词在使用时也是有很多区别的。用来引导定语从句，并且代替先行词作定语从句的一个成分的词，叫关系代词引导定语从句的关系代词常见的有that, which,who,whom,whose等。关系代词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成份。请同学们看下面的句子, 然后说出使用关系代词的原因。1.The man (who told us a funny story) is in the next room.2.I lost the book (which you gave me).3. A shoe shop is a shop (that sells shoes).在定语从句中,使用了关系代词来代替先行词,从句中不能再使用代替先行词的人称代词.4下面讲一下只能用关系代词that引导的定语从句。1) 先行词既有指人又有指物2)当先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级时，有theonly, the very 等修饰时 3 先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing等不定代词4 主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时请同学们看下列例句1. He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school.2.The terrible typhoon killed the people and cattle_ were in the fields.3.The wind blew down the tallest tree _ is infront of our school gate.4.This is the very thing _ I was looking for.5.This is the second novel _ I have ever read.6.There is nothing in the world _ can frightenme.7.Who is the man _ is reading under the tree?5对于“介词+关系代词”引导宾语从句, 如何选介词这个问题, 可归纳为下面几点：A根据宾语从句谓语动词的习惯搭配。如：Do you know the man with whom you just shook hands? （句中的 with来自习惯搭配 shake hands with）B由先行词来决定。如：Ill never forget the day on which I joined the Party. C由句子表达的全部意义来确定。如：Water is very important for us without which we cant live. 6请看下面句子, 然后分析一下：AThe engineer whose son is in America is very kind. BLook at the house whose roof is red. 8Look at the following sentences and then explain the attributive clause. AIll go to any place where people need me.BI still remember the day when I joined the army. CI dont know the reason why he was late.定语从句教案、学案漕桥初级中学 许正华 2008.4教学目标：1、认识定语从句和定语从句的位置2、认识先行词3、认识并会使用关系代词教学过程一、概念: He is the boy who often goes to school late. 先行词 关系词 定语从句二、原则： a.定语从句必须紧紧地跟在先行词后面，限制修饰先行词。b.定语从句必须用关系词来引导。c.关系词在定语从句中作一个句子成分.三、巩固新知She is the old woman whom I saw this morningMary is the girl whose parents work in Japan.Is this the key which you are looking for?October 1, 1949 is the day when New China was founded.This is the house where the great man was born.I dont know the reason why she looks unhappy today.四、下列定语从句只能用that来引导：1.先行词为形容词最高级所修饰This is the longest bridge that I have ever seen.2.先行词为序数词所修饰I happened to be the thousandth guest that visited the great hotel.This is the first composition that he has ever written in English.3.先行词既包括人又包括物They talked of things and persons that happened in the school.He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited.4.主句是who或which开头的特殊疑问句中的定语从句 Who is the man that came this morning?Which is the bag that you lost?5.先行词为the only, the very, the last, the same所修饰的定语从句He is the very person that the police are looking for.This is the only thing that I can remember.6.先行词是everything, nothing, something, all, little, much, everybody等不定代词Tell us everything that you know, please.Is there anything that you dont understand?7.先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much修饰时All that glitters is not gold.Ive read all the books that you gave me.五、“介词+ 关系词” 及关系副词when, where, why1). The box is full of bottles. He is standing on the box.- The box on which he is standing is full of bottles.The box where he is standing is full of bottles.2). This is the train. We work on the train.-This is the train on which we work.This is the train where we work.3). I know the reason. She did it for the reason.-I know the reason for which she did it.I know the reason why she did it.4). The man is our school master. You shook hands with the man just now.- The man with whom you shook hands is our schoolmaster.5). The pen is made in Shanghai. She is writing with the pen.- The pen with which she is writing is made in Shanghai.不能拆开的词组： look for / look after / catch hold of /take care of / put on / take off.六、非限制性定语从句只对先行词起补充，说明的作用，常用逗号分开。关系代词用who(m), which，关系副词用where ,when. 非限制性定语从句不能用that来引导.This was the American Civil War, which lasted 4 years before the North won in the end.He was taken to another room, where he found a wounded boy, who was dying.七、as 作为关系代词，习惯上用于下列词组：the same.as such .as as . as， soas1. Take as many books as you want.2. Here is so big a stone as no man can lift.3. He read such books as will make him wiser.4. The town is about the same distance from Nanjing as Yangzhou is.As 用于非限制性定语从句，常见以下句型：as you know, as we have seen, as is known to all, as anybody can see, as was expected, as we can imagine, as has been pointed outas与which的用法区别：as与 which在非限制性定语从句中，都可指代整个主句，但as引导的从句可放在主句的句首, 句中或句尾，而 which引导的从句只可放在主句的句尾As we have seen, oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth.Oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth, as we have seen.She was awarded a gold medal, which the whole family considered a great honour.八、the sameas, the same that 的区别This is the same bag as I lost yesterday. （相似的事物）I am wearing the same coat that I wore yesterday. （同一事物）定语从句教学反思定语从句是九年级学习阶段的一个重要知识点。它既是重点又是难点,在引导学生学习时要把握好尺度既不能将其复杂化,又不能解释的片面。而且从其两个功能入手，即定义和描述，来帮助学生理解用法，并能让学生感到能学有所用，真正体现英语语法的作用。教学过程中应用多媒体辅助教学，即通过展示软件，达到讲解的目的，突破难点。由于本课的难点，用多媒体课件来代替老师讲解，这样，既增加了课堂容量 ,又不使学生感觉压力过重，容易理解接受。先获得感性认识，然后才是理性的总结，符合认识事物的规律。也就是通过帮助学生理解、归纳、总结、讨论等方式学习定语从句。采用图文并茂的方法，仿造例句根据提出的问题去描述图片，运用这种方法，学生就会从原来的从书本，从老师那里被动地接受知识变成现在的主动，积极地探索知识，在观察，发现，记忆，联想中学习到知识。新课