第四章 代词.docx

第四章 代 词代词就是代替名词的词，同属名词性质。代词的含义、特点和句中的作用，可以分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、不定代词等。一、人称代词和物主代词反身代词 (3)人称代词的顺序 单数：you，he/she and I 复数：we，you and they，例如： You, she and I are in the same school.你、她和我在同一所学校里。 These apples are for Mary and me.这些苹果是给玛丽和我的。 We，you and they are all from Beijing.我们、你们和他们都来自北京。 (4) it的特殊用法 it除了指“事”或“物”的它以外，还常用于指时间、天气、距离、形式主语和形式宾语等，例如：- What time is it? - Its 7 oclock now. (it指时间) -几点了？ -现在是7点。 It is a fine day today. (it指天气)今天是个晴天。Its about ten minutes walk from here. (it指距离)离这儿大概步行十分钟。 It is hard to say.（it作形式主语）很难说。I think it important to keep healthy. (it作形式宾语)我想保持健康是重要的。 典型例题一： (1)_(She, Her) is friendly. We all like_(she, her). 正确答案：She，her 解题思路：第一句是作主语，用主格She，第二句中作宾语，用宾格her。 (2)_(I and Sandy, Sandy and I)are good friends. 正确答案：Sandy and I解题思路：单数的人称代词顺序是you，he/she and I。(3) _ (This, It) is a rainy day today.正确答案：It解题思路：it的特殊用法，可以指天气。 典型例题二： (1)( )_schoolbag is heavier than_. A. You，I B. Your, my C. Your, mine D. Yours, mine 正确答案：C 解题思路：名词schoolbag前应该用形容词性的物主代词your，后面应该用名词性的物主代词mine，相当于my schoolbag。 (2)( )On_ way to school, _saw a boy looking for_ mother.A. my, he, his B. mine, I, his C. my，I，him D. my, I，his (5)常用的反身代词的固定搭配词组，例如： by oneself独自 help oneself to随便吃 make oneself at home别拘束，像在自己家一样enjoy oneself玩得开心 hurt oneself弄伤自己 teach oneself自学 say to oneself自言自语 look at oneself in the mirror照镜子 典型例题： ( ) The old lady lives alone. She has to look after _at home. A. her B. herself C. she D. hers 二、指示代词 1表示“这个、那个、这些、那些”指向性的代词为指示代词，主要有：this，that，these，those。 注意：问句中有指示代词，在回答时，要用人称代词it代替this和that，they代替these和those，请对比： 错误：Whats this on the desk? This is a ruler. 正确：Whats this on the desk? Its a ruler. 2.指示代词的特殊用法： 电话用语中，This is表示“我是。”Is that？表示“你是吗？” 典型例题： (1)( )Look at _flowers in my hand. They are beautiful. A. those B. these C. this D. that (2)( ) This is Mary. Who _speaking? A. is that B. is it C. are you D. is there (3)( ) The desks in our classroom are more than _in yours. A. these B. those C. this D. that三、疑问代词 疑问代词主要有which(哪一个)，who/whom（谁），whose（谁的），what（什么）例如： Which do you prefer，tea or coffee?茶和咖啡，你更喜欢哪种饮品？ What color is your new dress?你的新裙子是什么颜色的？ 典型例题： (1)( ) _is the blackboard? - Its a rectangle. A. What B. What shape C. What color D. What size (2) This blue bag is Mikes.（对划线部分提问） 正确答案：Whose is this blue bag? 四、不定代词 不定代词是不明确代替哪个具体名词的代词。常用的不定代词有：one，ones，both，all，either, neither, other, another, none, each, every, some, any, many, much, (a) few, (a)little等。还有由some-，any-，no-和every-合成的不定代词。 1one和ones的用法 (2) one用来替代前面的单数名词，ones用来替代前面的复数名词，以避免重复，例如： 1 lost my old camera; this is a new one，我的旧相机丢了，这是一架新的。 Red apples often taste better than green ones.红苹果往往比青苹果好吃。 2eitherneither，both和all的用法 either指两者中的任何一个，用单数形式； neither两者都否定，一个都没有，用单数形式； both两者全肯定，用复数形式； all指三个、三个以上的人或物，用复数形式，例如： Either of his parents is a teacher.他父母两人都是老师。 Neither of his parents is a teacher.他父母两人都不是老师。 Both of his parents are teachers.他父母两人都是老师。 All of the students are happy on Childrens Day.所有学生在儿童节都很快乐。 典型例题： (1)( )- Can you lend me a pen? - Sorry. I havent got_. A. a pen B. one C. ones D. it (2)( ) There are a lot of trees on _side of the street. A. both B. every C. either D. neither 3the otheranother的用法the other表示_； another表示_例如：4others和the others的用法 典型例题： (1)( ) She has two children. One is more talkative than_. A. other B. the other C. another D. others (2)( ) I have got ten pencils. Two of them are red,_ are blue. A. others B. the other C. the others D. another 5some和any的用法 注意：(1)疑问句一般不用some，只有当表示邀请或期待对方作出肯定回答是才能用some，例如： Would you like some coffee? 你想要来点咖啡吗？6(a) few和(a) little的用法：few，little：a few: a little: 注意：only，quite，just后面只能搭配a few或a little，表示肯定语气。 7many和much的用法 many much 典型例题： ( ) Here are so _oranges. May I have_? A. much, some B. many, few C. many, some D. few, some 8some-，any-，every-和no-合成的不定代词 some-，any-，every-和no-可以分别和-thing，-body，-one构成合成不定代词，下面以-thing为例： something表示某事，用于肯定句， anything表示某事时，用于否定句和一般疑问句；表示任何事时，可用于肯定句； everything表示一切事； nothing表示没什么，例如： I have something to tell you我有事要告诉你。 Do you have anything to say? 你有话要说吗？ He has nothing to say.他无话可说。 Everything is OK with me.我一切都还不错。 注意：修饰合成不定代词的定语（形容词等），要放在它们的后面。例如： Has anything interesting happened? 发生了什么有趣的事？ 典型例题： ( )_ happened during our trip to that mountain. A. Anything terrible B. Terrible something C. Terrible anything D. Something terrible 第四章代词同步练习I将下列代词按要求归类。 I, my, me, mine, myself, your, yours, yourself, he, him, himself, she, hers, herself, itself, we, our, us, ourselves, ours, they, them, theirs, their, themselves001主格：_ _ _ _ _002宾格：_ _ _ _003形容词性物主代词：_ _ _ _004名词性物主代词：_ _ _ _ _005反身代词：_ _ _ _ _II选出不同类的单词。006. ( ) A. her B. his C. yours D. mine007. ( ) A. we B. you C. them D. her008. ( ) A. myself B. yourself C. themselves D. himself009. ( ) A. its B. his C. their D. she010. ( ) A. they B. I C. it D. yourIII选择括号里正确的代词填空。011. This is my father. _ (He, Him) is a doctor. This is my mother. _ (She,Her) is a teacher. _ (I, Me) am a student of Grade Four.012. _ and _ (I, you) are in the same class. _(You, We) are good friends.013. Give_ (his, me) a pencil, please.014. _ (Your, Yours) is a new bag.015. This classroom is _(our, ours).016. Where is _ (yours, my) ruler? Its under the book.017. He can do it by_ (her, himself).018. You can buy some fruit for _ (yourself, ourselves).019. _ (This, It)is very important for us to study English well.020. Where is my eraser? I cant find _(them, it) .IV根据句意，用括号里单词的适当形式填空。021. These sweet apples are for _ (they).022. _ (me) watch is very old.023. _ (they) father is an engineer.024. Whose pencil is on the floor? Is it _ (him)?025. Mary often asks _ (she) to study hard.026. We enjoy _ (our) on Childrens Day.027. I am looking at _(me) in the mirror. 028. Here is_ (you) money.029. I have got a lovely dog. _ (it) eyes are big.030. Sandy and Sue, help _(you) to some food, please.根据句意，从方框内选出合适的单词填空，每词使用一次。some, any, few, a few, little, a little, many, much031. Are there _oranges in the basket? Yes, there are.032.I am thirsty. May I have _water?033. There are_ bananas in the basket.1 want to buy some.034. There is only_ milk in the glass.035. Is there any paper on the desk? No, there is036. There are quite _cars on the street.037. Dont eat too_ sweets. Thats bad.038. Youve got _money. Can I borrow some from you?从方框内选出正确的疑问词填空，每词使用一次。what, what colour, what time, which, where, when,I who, whose, why, how many, how much, how old039. _is he doing? Hes reading in his room.040. _ class are you in? I am in Class Three.041. _ is Mr. White from? Hes from Paris.042. _do you get up in the morning? At half past six.043. _ is the man over there? Hes my uncle.044. _is your new dress? Its pink.045. _do you often play football? On Sunday afternoon.046. _do you want to buy a new watch? Because the old one doesnt work .047. _ people are there in your family? There are four.048. _is your little sister? Shes eleven.049. _ is this blue bag? Its Mikes.050. _are these apples? They are ten yuan in all.VII选择填空。( ) 051. _ are good friends. We often play together. A. You, Mike and I B. Mike, you , and I C. I, you and Mike( ) 052. _is Sunday today. _ is a fine day. A. Today, This B. It, That C. It, It( ) 053. Please give _ some paper, please. A. 1 B. us C. you( ) 054. - Is this your English book? - No, _book is over there. A. mine B. his C. my( ) 055. - Is it _ football? - No, _is under the table. A. his, he B. his, his C. his, hers( ) 056. _classroom is on the first floor. _is on the second floor. A. Our, Their B. Ours, Theirs C. Our, Theirs( ) 057. We must finish our homework by _. A. yourselves B. themselves C. ourselves( ) 058. You can make _at home, Jenny. A. herself B. yourself C. yourselves( ) 059. I am new here. Let me introduce(介绍) _ to you first. A. me B. I C. myself( ) 060. - Whats _in the sky? - Its a bird. A. this B. that C. those( ) 061. - Are _deer? - Yes,_ are. A. those, they B. this, it C. these, those( ) 062. Hi, Mike._ is Jane, my good friend. A. She B. This C. It( ) 063. The weather in Shanghai is warmer than _in Beijing. A. this B. / C. that( ) 064. - _is the weather like today? - Its cloudy. A. What B. How C. When( ) 065. - _do you like the movie? - Its wonderful. A. What B. How C. Which( ) 066. -_do you watch TV? -Twice a week. A. How often B. How many C. How long( ) 067. -_are you going to stay in Beijing? - For two weeks. A. How often B. How soon C. How long( ) 068. - Whats on the plate? - _. A. Anything B. Something. C. Nothing.( ) 069. Is there_ wrong with your watch? A. something B. anything C. nothing( ) 070. _of my parents is a teacher. They _teach Chinese. A. Both, Both B. Either, either C. Either, both( ) 071. There are some trees on _side of the road. A. both B. all C. either( ) 072. Mr. White has two sons. One is a doctor, _is an engineer. A. another B. the other C. other( ) 073. Please come at _time. Ill show you _ my pictures. A. all, any B. some, all C. any, all( ) 074. There is a pair of gloves on the bed. Pass_ to me. A. them B. it C. they( ) 075. Does _want to have a try? A. one B. someone C. anyoneVIII按要求写句子。076. This is a new car.（改成相应的复数句）_077. Those are old toy soldiers.（改成相应的单数句）_078. Whats this? （用“一只鸟”进行回答）_079. What are those? （用“英语书”进行回答）_080. My aunt is a nurse.（对划线部分提问）_081. The lady in red is my new English teacher.（对划线部分提问）_082. The boys are playing football in the playground.（对划线部分提问）_083. My grandpa is fine.（对划线部分提问）_084. My father is reading a newspaper in the living room.（对划线部分提问）_085. I usually go to bed at nine in the evening.（对划线部分提问）_086. My mother often goes shopping on Saturday afternoon.（对划线部分提问）_087. Its Wednesday today.（对划线部分提问）_088. My new shoes are black.（对划线部分提问）_089. I have got an English book in my schoolbag.（对划线部分提问）_090.