人教版必修5-Unit-1-SectionⅡ练习题解析

.词汇知识1_ adj.科学的_ n.2_ vt.& vi.结束；推断出_ n结论；结束3_ vt.打败；战胜；使受挫 n失败4_ vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加_ n出席；出席的人数；照顾_ n服务员；出席者；随从5_ vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光_ adj.6_ n挑战 vi.向挑战7_ vt.吸收；吸引；使专心_ adj.全神贯注的；一心一意的8_ vt.怀疑 n被怀疑者；嫌疑犯9_ vt.污染；弄脏_ n.10_ n柄；把手 vt.处理；操纵11_ vt.宣布；通告_ n宣告；公告_ n播音员；宣告者12_ vt.命令；指示；教导_ n教员；教练；指导员_ n吩咐；命令；用法说明；操作指南答案：1.scientific；science2.conclude；conclusion3.defeat4attend；attendance；attendant5.expose；exposed6.challenge7.absorb；absorbed8.suspect9.pollute；pollution10handle11.announce；announcement；announcer12.instruct；instructor；instruction.重点短语1_提出2_ 得出结论3_ 使显露；暴露4_ 面对挑战5_ 决心干某事6_ 将和联系或连接起来7_ 肯定地8_ 被指示做某事w w w .x k b 1.c o m答案：1.put forward2.draw a conclusion3.expose.to4.face the challenge5.be determined to do sth.6.link.to.7.with certainty8.be instructed to do sth.必背句型1_(不知道其起因，又不知道它的治疗方法)答案：Neither its cause nor its cure was understood2So many thousands of terrified people died _(每一次爆发疫情)答案：every time there was an outbreak3But he became inspired when he thought about _(帮助受到霍乱病威胁的普通百姓)答案：helping ordinary people exposed to cholera4It seemed that _(水是罪魁祸首)答案：the water was to blame5To prevent this from happening again，John Snow suggested that _(所有水源都要经过检测)答案：the source of all the water supplies be examined.品句填词1The need to communicate is a key _(特征)of human society.答案：characteristics2I dont know who sent the gift，but Ill make some _(询问)答案：enquiries3You will be _(指示)where to go as soon as the plane is ready.答案：instructedX k b 1 . c o m4An active attitude towards life can help people deal with whatever _(挑战)they may come across in daily life.答案：challenges5What made you _(怀疑)your best friend of having taken your necklace?答案：suspect6She tried every means to _(改正) her child of the bad habit.答案：cure.选词填空1Wed better discuss together before _.答案：drawing a conclusion2I _the book just now and didnt notice you enter the room.答案：was absorbed in3The doctor _me of my illness，and I was very thankful to him.答案：cured4Dr.Martin himself _the sick man last night.答案：attended on5They consider it almost a crime to _children to violence and sex on TV.答案：expose.单项填空1(2011年山东实验中学高二检测)No one has _ anything better than the plan now under consideration.Aput up withBcome upCput forward Dcome up to解析：选C。本题考查一组相似动词短语的辨析。句意“迄今没有人提出比正在考虑的计划更好的方案”。put forward意为“提出”；come up出现；想出，后应接介词with。2(2011年湖州高二检测)Mary thought highly of the painting，but to Mr.Smiths _eye，the painting was terrible.Aeager BextraCexact Dexpert解析：选D。本题考查一组相似形容词的辨析。eager“急切的”；extra“额外的”；exact“确切的”；expert“熟练的，专家的”。根据语境“以史密斯先生专家的目光来看，这幅画很糟糕”可知正确答案为D。w w w .x k b 1.c o m3(2011年白鹭洲高二检测)Her pale face suggested that she _ badly ill and I suggested she _to hospital without delay.Abe；should be sent Bwas；be sentCbe；was sent Dwas；was sent解析：选B。本题考查suggest不同词义时后面的宾语从句中的语气不同。第一个suggest意思是“暗示”，故用陈述语气。而第二个suggest意思是“建议”，应用虚拟语气，即should do结构。4(2009年高考山东卷)So sudden _that the enemy had no time to escape.Adid the attack Bthe attack didCwas the attack Dthe attack was解析：选C。在soadj.that.句型中，当soadj.置于句首时，其所在句子的谓语应用完全倒装形式。5She was so_in her job that she didnt hear anybody knocking at the door.Aattracted BabsorbedCdrawn Dfocused解析：选B。考查固定短语。be absorbed in.全神贯注于，专心致志于。6He isnt like his brother_in appearance_in character.Aboth；and Bneither；norCnot only；but also Deither；or解析：选D。句意：不管是在外貌还是在性格方面他都不像他的哥哥。注意：isnt与either.or.连用，相当于neither.nor.。即：He likes his brother neither in appearance nor in character。7Mr.Green stood up in defence of the 16yearold boy, saying that he was not the one_.Ablamed BblamingCto blame Dto be blamed解析：选C。to blame作定语，修饰the one，意为“应受责备”。8Dont forget to phone me when you get home.Just to let me know youve arrived safely.I wont forget.Goodbye then._.AWith pleasure BIts kind of youCDont mention it DHave a nice trip解析：选D。句意“当你回到家的时候，别忘了给我打电话，好让我知道你已经安全地到家了。”“我不会忘记的，拜拜。”“祝你旅途愉快。”With pleasure 乐意地；Its kind of you你真贴心；Dont mention it不用客气；Have a nice trip祝你旅途愉快。根据上下语境及句意应选D。9_？She is very lovely and has a pair of big eyes.AWhat do you think of SusanBWhat does Susan look likeCHow is SusanDWhat is Susan解析：选B。句意：“苏珊长得什么样？”“她很可爱，有一双大大的眼睛。”答句是对某人外貌的描写，故选B。What does sb.look like？“某人长得什么样？”。What do you think of sb.？“你觉着某人怎样？”，是询问对某人的看法；How is sb.？“某人怎么样了？”，是对某人身体状况的询问；What is sb.？是对某人职业的询问。10The Food and Agriculture Organization says more than forty billion dollars a year needs to be invested in agriculture to _ world hunger, which is becoming more and more serious.Adefeat Bexpand新课标第一网Creject Dcure解析：选A。句意：(联合国)粮农组织说每年需要在农业上投资400多亿美元以战胜世界饥荒，这个问题越来越严重了。defeat“打败；战胜”，符合题意。expand“使变大；伸展”；reject“拒绝；不接受；抛弃”；cure“治愈；痊愈”。.阅读理解Michael Faraday was the son of a blacksmith (铁匠)There were four children in his family and, with his father often ill and unable to work，Michael Faraday had to earn his living from an early age.This meant little or no schooling.However，the family belonged to a religious group，and Faraday learnt to read and write at Sunday School.When he was only fourteen，Faraday found a job as a bookbinder (装订工)He used to read the books he was given to bind and he became very interested in the scientific books，particularly the ones about electricity.His interest soon took a practical path and he began conducting his own experiments.These were very basic because Faraday had to make all of his equipment himself.However，he was very careful and kept a clear written record of all his findings.One day he was given an entrance ticket to the Royal Institute chemistry lecture，given by Humphry Davy.Determined to work for this great scientist，he sent Davy a job application and included his laboratory reports on the experiments he had carried out.In 1813，Davy offered Faraday a job as one of his laboratory assistants.Faraday learnt quickly and soon was recognized as a very able analytical chemist.Later he went to work at the Royal Institute.Michael Faraday was, perhaps，the greatest practical scientist of the 19th century.As a chemist，he discovered the benzene (苯)，which is now the focal point of chemical study.He also proved the relationship between electricity and chemical bonding (化学键)As a physicist，he invented the dynamo，which led to the later invention of the electric motor.He also discovered the effect of magnetism (磁) on light rays.【解题导语】他家境贫寒，未受过系统的正规教育，但却在众多领域做出惊人的成就，堪称刻苦勤奋、探索真理的典范。他就是英国著名物理学家、化学家迈克尔法拉第。1Why did Faraday attend Sunday School?AHe had to work for a bookbinder at weekdays.BHe hoped to read many of the scientific books there.CHe would like to learn religious knowledge.DHis family couldnt afford his normal school education.解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第一段的叙述可知，法拉第年幼时家境贫寒，上不起正规的学校，只好上了周日学校。2When working as a bookbinder，Faraday_.Apublished his great findings on electricityBmade his own equipment for his experimentsCread many books by Humphry DavyDgained his fame as a practical scientist解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第二段“These were very basic because Faraday had to make all of his equipment himself.”可知，法拉第自己动手制造实验器材。3In order to get a chance to work for Davy，Faraday _.Abought tickets to attend Davys lectureBsent his experiment reports to DavyCwent to the Royal Institute to visit DDoffered to do laboratory work for free解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第三段“Determined to work for this great scientist，he sent Davy a job application and included his laboratory reports on the experiments he had carried out.”可知B项正确。4We can learn from the last paragraph that_.Athe electric motor was invented by FaradayBelectricity was Faradays bestknown findingCFaradays research covered different fieldsDFaraday was more a chemist than a physicist解析：选C。推理判断题。通过最后一段介绍法拉第在物理、化学不同领域的发明创造可推知，他的研究涉及到不同领域。.短文填词As we know, the number of the traffic accidents has been growing rapidly in recent years. We can have a clear i_about the d