2008年研究生英语期末考试题A.doc

考生须知1答题前请预先撕下Answer Sheet，并在Answer Sheet上分别填好自己的班级、学号、姓名。在答题卡的左上角写上所在班级，如A2班等。2在答题卡上“姓名”栏的第一行的三个框中从左至右填写考生姓名，中间不留空；第二行填写对应汉字的区位码，然后在下面填涂对应数字。3答题卡上的准考证号（即学生证号）从左至右填、涂7位数字。4请将所有的答案都写Answer Sheet和答题卡上，写在试题册上的答案为无效答案。如果Answer Sheet不够用，在背面书写。请勿自己填页。5考试时间为2个小时。考试结束后，以班级为单位上交答题卡和Answer Sheet，请将Answer Sheet对折，并将答题卡夹在Answer Sheet中，一起交上，试题册单独交。请在监考人员点好所有卷纸后再离开。(Jan 08)请将 Part I, II, III的答案涂在答题卡上 Part IV, V, VI的答案写在Answer Sheet上Part I Error Detection (15 points, 1 points per choice)Directions: Each of the following sentences has four blackened parts marked A, B, C, and D. Identify the one which is wrong and mark the corresponding letter on the CARD. (You do not have to correct the errors.)1. When Silvia Geraci goes out to dinner with friendA, she has a flash of anxietyB when the check comes. She can pay her shareC her parents give her enough money to coverD all her expenses.2. PoisedA on the brink of what should be a bright future, Geraci and millions like her face a thorough B modern truth: its hard to feel likeC a Master of the Universe whenD youre sleeping in your old twin bed.3. WhetherA its reconverting the guest room back into a bedroom, to payB for graduate school, writing a blizzardC of small checks to cover rent and health-insurance premiums or acting as career counselors, parents acrossD the country are trying to provide their twentysomethings with the tools theyll need to be self-sufficient someday.4. For their part, these overgrownA kids seem contentB to enjoy the protection of hisC parents as they drift from adolescenceD to early adulthood.5. Mr. McKee, who haveA made a healthy living offB this market for a decade, specializesC in “Story Structure”, the title of his course whichD is billed as the “worlds ultimate story class”.6. Campus career counselors report being flooded with calls from parents anxious to participateA in their college seniors job search. Last fall the U.S. Navy began sendingB letters describedC their programs to potentialD recruits and their parents.7. But opponentsA argue as did many reparations advocates at the U.N. racism conference in South Africa last week that the slave trades effects have not yet been erasedB, and it is farC too soon to consider dismantling programs designingD to increase minorities access to higher education.8. At the University of Texas School of Law, aA number of black first-years fell to just four the year afterB the school was orderedC to adoptD race-blind admissions from 38 the year before.9. The state of Texas respondedA to Hopwood withB the now famous “top 10%” law that guaranteesC a place in the state university system to any student who graduateD in the top 10% of his or her class.10. Mr. McKee sellsA the notion that “story” is the soul of a meaningfulB film, the key to involveC the audience emotionallyD.11. Story is still holdedA sacred in Hollywood, however. There are several stock definitionsB of what story meansC: one is that a character must go through an ordeal thatD changes him.12. No school has worked harderA to do this than U.T.s law school, whichB in 1996 was hit by a suit, Hopwood v. Texas; the ruling in that case removedC race as a consideringD in admissions.13. ThatA has academic administratorsB around the country so worried is thatC they know rulings like the UGA decision could dramaticallyD change the racial makeup of their campuses.14. Parents should know whatA their children are doing onlineB and readingC their blogs to make sureD they are not giving out private information.15. Only afterA a child learn the technique of balancingB his time betweenC studying and web surfing, he can D use the Internet more efficientlyPart II Reading Comprehension (20 points, 2 points per choice)Directions: There are 2 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions or statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the CARD.Passage 1The new therapies are emerging from two extraordinary decades of intense basic research, a fantastic voyage that scientists have taken into the heart of the cancer cell. “The life and death of cells is being worked out, and the dozens and dozens of molecules in the body that participate in those pathways are now becoming targets for therapy,” says Alan Houghton, a medical oncologist and immunologist at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York City.Thats welcome news to clinicians and patients alike. Traditional cancer treatmentschemotherapy and radiationare therapeutic blunderbusses; they blast indiscriminately at all fast-growing cells, often destroying healthy tissue along with the tumors. By comparison, the new drugs are smart bombs; they cause minimal collateral damage and trigger relatively few side effects.Many of the new therapies also happen to be incredibly potent. Last month, for example, pharmaceutical giant Novartis reported spectacular results in a clinical trial of Glivec, a drug that disables a uniquely aberrant protein produced inside cells of chronic myelogenous leukemia, which afflicts 4,400 new patients in the U.S. each year. In the drugs very first test, every patient went into remission. In the most recent results, 30% showed no sign of the chromosomal damage that marks the disease and appeared to have been cured. “This drug is amazing,” says Richard Stone, an oncologist at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute who has been testing Glivec (also known as an STI, for signal transduction inhibitor). “Even patients who are near death, at the end stage of this disease, are going into remission.”Glivec is just one of several new therapies that work by cutting a cancer cells lines of communication, either preventing it from reproducing or forcing it to self- destruct. Other signal-jamming treatments use monoclonal antibodies, tiny proteins that resemble the human immune systems own antibodies but that bind to the surface of cancer cells. New York City-based ImClone Systems has an antibody called IMC-C225, now in the final phases of testing in colorectal and head and neck cancer, which acts like bubble gum stuffed in a keyhole. It prevents a specialized protein known as a growth factor from fitting into a slot on the surface of the cancer cell and signaling it to reproduce.Other antibodies carry tiny payloads of radioactive isotopes or poisons, which kill the tumor cell without affecting surrounding tissue. IDEC Pharmaceuticals in San Diego has just completed final rounds of testing on Zevalin, an antibody that is hooked to the radioactive isotope yttrium-90. Last month IDEC reported that the tumors in about one-third of 73 late-stage non-Hodgkins lymphoma patients were undetectable after being treated with Zevalin.Antibodies are also being drafted to prod the immune system into attacking cancer cells. Clinicians have long dreamed of marshaling the bodys own defenses to fight cancer, if only they could get the immune system to recognize cancer cells as easily as it spots foreign invaders such as bacteria and viruses. Researchers at Dendreon Corp. in Seattle have found a way to do just that by enlisting dendritic cells, some of the bodys most potent immune stimulators.Questions 16-20 are based on Passage 1.16. The author calls this new drug “smart bombs” because _.A they are therapeutic blunderbussesB they cause maximal collateral damage and trigger relatively strong side effectsC they avoid destroying healthy tissue along with the tumorsD they are emerging from two extraordinary decades of intense basic research17. One of the working principle of the new therapy, Glivec, is _.A using monochonal antibodies that resemble the human immune systems own antibodiesB linking a cancer cells lines of communication C disabling any aberrant protein produced inside cancer cellsD jamming the signal of cancer cells reproduction 18. What does the “bubble gum” in the passage mean? A A slot of the surface of the cancer cell.B The growth factor for cancer cells.C Monoclonal antibodies.D A specialized protein rooted in the cancer cells.19. Another important function of antibodies is _.A spotting invaders such as bacteria and virusesB extracting immune cells from the human body C making tumors undetectable D boosting the immune system 20. What is the passage mainly about?A It argues about the effects of traditional chemotherapy.B It explores the methods how we can keep cancer from worming its way into surrounding tissue.C It introduces several cell-killing treatment of cancerD It evaluates some promising cancer treatments Passage 2I am in the Gothic world, the world of chivalry, courtesy, and romance; a world in which serious things were done with a sense of playwhere even war and theology could become a sort of game; and when architecture reached a point of extravagance unequalled in history. After all the great unifying convictions that inspired the medieval world, High Gothic art can look fantastic and luxuriouswhat Marxists call conspicuous waste. And yet these centuries produced some of the greatest spirits in the history of man, amongst them St.Francis of Assisi and Dante. Behind all the fantasy of the Gothic imagination there remained, on two different planes, a sharp sense of reality. Medieval man could see things very clearly, but he believed that these appearances should be considered as nothing more than symbols or tokens of an ideal order, which was the only true reality. The fantasy strikes us first, and last; and one can see it in the room in the Cluny Museum in Paris hung with a series of tapestries known as The Lady with the Unicorn, one of the most seductive examples of the Gothic spirit. It is poetical, fanciful and profane. Its ostensible subject is the four senses. But its real subject is the power of loves, which can enlist and subdue all the forces of nature, including those two emblems of lust and ferocity, the unicorn and the lion. They kneel before this embodiment of chastity, and hold up the corners of her cloak. These wild animals have become, in the heraldic sense, her supporters. And all round this allegorical scene is what the medieval philosophers used to call natura naturansnature naturingtrees, flowers, leaves galore, birds, monkeys, and those rather obvious symbols of nature naturing, rabbits. There is even nature domesticated, a little dog, sitting on a cushion. It is an image of worldly happiness at its most refined, what the French call the douceur de vivre, which is often confused with civilization. We have come a long way from the powerful conviction that induced medieval knights and ladies to draw carts of stone up the hill for the building of Chartres Cathedral. And yet the notion of ideal love, and the irresistible power of gentleness and beauty, which is emblematically conveyed by the homage of these two fierce beasts, can be traced back for three centuries, to days long before these tapestries were conceived. Questions 21-25 are based on Passage 2.21. The author distinguishes the Medieval imagination from the Gothic on the basis of the latters _. A firm belief B respect for tradition C elaborateness of fancy D philosophical unity 22. The author cites St. Francis and Dante primarily in order to _.A support his contention that theology could become a sort of gameB illustrate the source of the great convictions that animated the Medieval world C demonstrate his acquaintance with the writings of great thinkers of the periodD refute the notion that the Gothic period produced nothing but extravagance23. The author thinks of the Unicorn tapestries as exemplifying the essence of the Gothic imagination because _.A their allegorical nature derives from medieval sources B their use as wall hangings expresses the realistic practicality of the Gothic mindC they combine worldly and spiritual elements in a celebration of love D they confuse the notion of civilization with worldly happiness 24. By “this embodiment of chastity”, the author is referring to _.A the unicorn B the Gothic spirit C St. Francis D the lady25. In the Middle Ages some members of the nobility demonstrated the depth of their faith by _.A designing tapestries symbolic of country loveB hauling stones used to construct Charles Cathedral C choosing to refine their notions of worldly happinessD following the Franciscan ideal of living in harmony with naturePart III Functions and Notions (20 points, 1 point per choice)Directions: There are 20 short conversations in this part, with a missing part in each conversation. Each conversation is followed by four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the CARD.26. M: What do you think of the film?W: Its wonderful. Im really moved by the actor. Oh! My dear, its dark now. _.M: OK, Ill be with you home.A Its time go home.B Its time I went home.C Its time to see another film.D Its high time to see another film.27. M: Everybody may leave the world someday. Dont be so sad.W: I know that. But I love my father and he is not old enough.M: _. Restrain your grief.A Every cloud has its silver lining.B Why not hold a party.C He has gone abroad.D Please accept my deep sympathy.28. M: Have you seen Sara on Wednesday? She came back, her face awfully pale.W: Poor Sarah! Whats matter? Was she ill?M: Im afraid yes.W: _.A I wish her the best of health.B I wish him the best of heath.C Please remember me to him.D Wish you the best of health.29. M: Why not come over to work in my company?W: I need to think it over.M: Tell me what you need.W: _, Im prepared to, if the pay is reasonable.A By the wayB Im happyC No, thanksD All right30. W: Im going to the south this winter vacation. How about you?M: Ill just stay and study.W: You are kidding.M: Im serious. _.A I have made up my mind to study French.B I have made up my mind to go with you.C I have made up my mind to watch a movie.D I have made up my mind to find a job.31. W: We could ask all the parents to list their childrens favorite programs.M: I think thats a good idea. Do you think we would agree?W2: _. I have a different opinion. In my opinion, it wont work.A Certainly.B Yes.C Probably not.D I dont agree.32. W: Why not come to our company?M: _. I really like my job here.W: Dont you want to change a new car?M: Money is not a problem for me now.A I think I would like.B I think I would rather stay.C I think so.D I think thats a good idea.33. M: What tune is that you are humming?W: Its Click Go the Shears, an Australian folk song.M: _.W: Yes. It reminds us of the days we spent with our Australian friends. A Its very disgusting. B Its very colorful. C Its very evocative. D Its very awful. 34. M: Do you go jogging in the morning?W: _.M: But its very important to get some exercise every day.A No, I find it hard to get up.B Yes, I find it hard to get up.C I appreciate it.D I think there is something wrong with you.35. M: Make sure the room is tidy enough for the next class. W: Everything is all right, I think, except the blackboard. M: _. But dont wipe the blackboard with your hand. Get an eraser! A Wait for a moment.B Do it now.C You must have a rest.D Get out of this room.36. M: you mustnt walk near the wire. Its dangerous. _. W: Can I walk on the grass? M: No, you mustnt.A You must step in.B You must keep away.C You mustnt creep.D You mustnt get out.37. M: Excuse me. Could you direct me to Customer Service? I need to have this gift wrapped. W: We can take care of that right here, madam, and no charge. You can choose either silver or gold with the matching bow. M: _. Which color do you recommend? W: I think the silver paper with the green bow would be perfect.A No, thanks.B No, I would like to go somewhere else.C I cant make up my mind.D Yes, I want the golden one.38. M: She told me that she would go abroad next month. W: _. M: Why? M: She has told me the same thing many times.A Congratulations to her.B Thats all right.C You can give her a gift.D You cant believe anything she says.39. W: You are limping. What happened? M: I fell down and hurt my knee when I was running for the bus. W: _? M: My brothers using it.A I wonder whyB Im sorry to hear thatC Why didnt you catch the busD Why didnt you come on your bike40. M: What a pity I missed such a good play! W: I didnt see it either. I have heard itll be put on again. M: Thats good! When? W: _.A Twice a week.B Once a year.C Some time next week.D 4 oclock yesterday.41. M: _? W: Yes. He finally finished his term paper. M: You mean the one he has been work