职称英语B试题.docx

第1部分：词汇选项(第115题，每题1分，共15分)面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有下划线，请从每个句子后面所 给的4个选项中选择l个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。请将答案涂在答题卡相 应的位置上。1. Please put up your hands if you have any questions.A. raiseB. reachC. waveD. fold2. Man cannot exist without water.A. expandB. riseC. liveD. quit3. Jean has made up her mind not to go to the meeting.A. triedB. promisedC. decidedD. attempted4. This reminds me of lots of things.A. muchB. someC. bigD. many5. She will be very pleased to meet you.A. angryB. happyC. sadD. unwilling6. Have you talked to her lately?A. lastlyB. finallyC. shortlyD. recently7. While we dont agree, we continue to be friends.A. WhoeverB. WhereC. AlthoughD. Whatever8. Enormous sums of money have been spent on space ex 31oration.A. MuchB. LargeC. SmallD. Fixed9. About one million Americans are diagnosed, annually wi h skin cancer.A, every yearB. severelyC. activelyD. every month10. The policeman wrote down all the particulars of the acOident.A. secretsB. detailsC. benefitsD. words11. I had some difficulty in carrying out the plan.A. makingB. keepingC. changingD. implementing12. Mr. Johnson evidently regarded this as a great joke.A. readilyB. casuallyC. obviouslyD. simply13. We all think that Marys husband is a very boring person.A. shyB. stupidC. dullD. selfish14. The workers in that factory manufacture furniture.A. promoteB. paintC. produceD. polish15. They only have a limited amount of time to get their points.A. largeB. totalC. smallD. similar 第2部分：阅读判断(第l622题，每题l分，共7分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把8涂黑;如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把c涂黑。Step Back in TimeDo you know that we live a lot longer now than the people who were born before us? One hundred years ago the average woman lived to be 45. But now, she can live until at least 80.One of the main reasons for people living longer is that we know how to look after ourselves better. We know which foods are good for us and what we have to eat to make sure our bodies get all the healthy things they need We know why we sometimes get ill and what to do to get better again. And we know how important it is to do lots of exercise to keep our hearts beating healthily.But in order that we dont slip back into bad habits, lets have a look at what life was like 100 years ago. Families had between 15 and 20 children, although many babies didnt live long. Children suffered from lots of diseases, especially rickets (佝偻病) and scurvy (坏血病), which are both caused by bad diets. This is because many families were very poor and not able to feed their children well.Really poor families who lived in crowded cities like London and Manchester often slept standing up, bending over a piece of string, because there was no room for them to he down.People didnt have fridges until the 1920s. They kept fresh food cold by storing it on windowsills (窗台板) blocks of ice, or even burying it in the garden.Some children had to start work at the age of seven or eight 1o earn money for theirparents. If you had lived 100 years ago, you might well be selling matchsticks (火柴杆) (a job done by many children) or working with your dad by now.16. On average women lived longer than men 100 years ago.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned17. People now enjoy longer lives for unknown reasons.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned18. A hundred years ago many kids died at all early age.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned19. Poor diets can lead to such diseases as rickets and scurvy.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned20. People in the past preferred standing up to lying down when sleeping.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned21. An Englishman invented the fridge in the 1920s.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned22. Life was not easy for many children living 100 years ago.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned 第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第2330题，每题l分，共8分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1一4段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。The Drink Ynur Body Needs Most1. Our bodies are estimated to be about 60% to 70% water. Blood is mostly water, and our muscles, lungs, and brain all contain a lot of water. Water is needed to regulate body temperature and to provide the means for nutrients (滋养物) to travel to all our organs.Water also transports oxygen to our cells, removes waste, and protects our joints and organs.2. We lose water through urination (排尿), respiration (呼吸), and by sweating. If you are very active, you lose more water than if you do not take much exercise. Symptoms of mild dehydration (脱水) include chronic pains in joints and muscles, lower back pain,headaches, and constipation (便秘). A strong smell to your urine, along with a yellow color indicates that you are not getting enough water. Thirst is all obvious sign of dehydration and in fact, you need water long before you feel thirsty.3. A good role of thumb (好的做法) is to take your body weight in pounds and divide that number in half. That gives you the number of ounces (盎司) of water per day that you need For example, if you weigh 160 pounds, you should drink at least 80 ounces of water per day. If you exercise you should drink another 8 ounce glass of water for every 20 minutes you are active. If you drink coffee or alcohol, you should add at least an equal amount of water. When you are traveling on an airplane, it is good to have 8 ounces of water for every hour you are on board the plane.4. It may be difficuR to drink enough water on a busy day. Be sure you have water handy at all times by keeping a bottle for water with you when you are working, traveling, or exercising.If you get bored with plain water, add a bit of lemon for a touch of flavor. There are some brands of flavored water available, but some of them have sugar or artificial sweeteners that you dont need.23, Paragraph 124. Paragraph 225. Paragraph 326. Paragraph 4A.Ounces of Water Needed Per DayB.1mportance of WaterC.Composition of WaterD.Signs of DehydrationE.Supply of WaterF.Necessity for Bringing a Bottle for Water27. One cannot live28. Dehydration may occur if there is a shortage of water29. The amount of water your body needs per day is related30. Dont forget to drink enough water evenA.in your bodyB.without waterC.before longD.for a changeE.on a busy dayF.to your weight 第4部分：阅读理解(第3145题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择l个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。Saving MoneyWhere you save your money often depends on what you are saving for. If you are saving to buy a CD (光盘) or to go to a concert, then probably you would keep your money somewhere in your room.If you are saving for a big purchase like a mountain bike or a school trip, where would you save your money?One place to save money is the bank. Putting your money in a savings account will help your money earn more money. If you put your money in a piggy bank (猪形储蓄罐), one year later youll still have the same amount of money you put in. If you put your money in a savings account, one year later, youll have more money than you put in. Why ?When you keep your money in a bank, your money earns interest. Interest is an amount of money a bank pays you to use your money. The bank uses your money ( and the money of other people, too) to loan money to people and businesses.The bank will send you a statement several times a year. A bank statement tells you how much money you have in your account. It also tells you how much interest you have eamed Ifyou leave your money in the bank, you can watch it grow! Another way you can save money is to buy a certificate of deposit or CD. If you have some money that you dont need to use for a long time, this is a good way to make your money grow. You can buy a CD at a bank. Youagree not to use the money for a certain period of time. That period might be from six months to five years. You cant touch your money during that time if you do, you must pay a penalty, or fee.31. Your money will earn more money if you put itA. in your roomB. in a piggy bankC. in your pocketD. in a savings account32. A bank pays you interest forA. wasting your moneyB. losing your moneyC. using your moneyD. decreasing your money33. Among other things, a bank statement tells youA. the amount of money you have in the bankB. the current rates of interestC. the current rates of exchangeD. the best way to save your money34. If you draw your money before it is due, you will have toA. pay interest to the bankB. close your accountC. open a new accountD. pay a penalty or fee35. The word touch in paragraph 7 could be best replaced byA. depositB. lendC. useD. cashFlorence NightingaleFlorence Nightingale was born in Florence, Italy, while her wealthy English parents were traveling in Europe. As a child, she traveled to many places with her family and learned how to speak several languages.When Nightingale was 17, she told her family that she was going to help sick people. Her parents did not approve, but Nightingale was determined.She traveled to hospitals all over Europe. She saw that doctors were working too hard She saw that patients died because they did not get enough care. Nightingale felt that women could be doing more to help doctors take care of sick people.Nightingale knew that in order for nurses to do more, they needed special training in how to take care of sick people. Nightingale went to a hospital in Germany to study nursing. Then she returned to London and became the head of a group of women called Gentlewomen During Illness. These women cared for sick people in their homes.In 1854, England was fighting a war with Russia. No reporters wrote about the terribleconditions in the hospitals that cared for the wounded People demanded that something be done about it. A leader of the government asked Florence Nightingale to take some nurses into the war hospitals. So, in November 1854, Nightingale finally got to work in a hospital. She took along 38 nurses whom she had trained herself.At first, the doctors on the battlefields did not want Nightingale and her nurses in their hospitals. They did not believe that women could help. But in fact, the nurses did make a difference. They worked around the clock, tending the sick. Thanks to their hard work, many wounded soldiers survived.After the war, Nightingale and her nurses were treated like heroes. Finally, in 1860, she started the Nightingale School for Nurses. In time, thanks to Florence Nightingale, nursing became an important part of medicine.36. Florence Nightingale was born into a richA. Italian familyB. Russian familyC. English familyD. German family37. Nightingales parents did not approve of her decisionA. to work as a doctorB. to care for sick peopleC. to fight in the war with RussiaD. to travel to hospitals all over Europe38. It was not until the War with Russia that NightingaleA. got to work in a hospitalB. began to study nursingC. started to care for sick people in their homesD. became the head of Gentlewomen During Illness39. On the battlefields Nightingale and her nurses proved to beA. as bad as the doctors had expectedB. quite generousC. less than usefulD. very helpful40. Nightingale played a great role inA. the building of war hospitalsB. the education of womenC. the development of nursingD. the improvement of working conditions for womenLook After Your VoiceOften speakers at a meeting experience dry mouths and ask for a glass of water. You can solve the problem by activating the saliva in your mouth. First gently bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth. Or press your entire tongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flow. Or you can imagine that you are slicing a big juicy lemon and sucking the juice.Before you begin your talk, be kind to your voice. Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice.If you sense that you are losing your voice, stop talking completely. Save your voice for your speech. You may feel foolish using paper to write notes, but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice. If you need to see a doctor, perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer. In the meantime, do not even talk in a low voice.What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat? I advise you not to touch alcohol before speaking. The problem with alcohol is that one drink gives you a little confidence. The second drink gives you even more confidence. Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything, but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly. Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking.Perhaps you want to accept the advice, but you may wonder if you can ever change the habits of a life-time. Of course you can. Coethe, who lived before indoor skating rinks or swimming pools, said, We learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter. Take this message to heart and give yourself time to develop your new habits. If you are willing to change, you will soon be able to say that you will never forget these techniques because they became a part of your body.41. All the following are mentioned in the passage about how to solve the problem of dry mouths EXCEPTA. to bite the edges of your tongueB. to ask for a glass of waterC. to imagine you are having a sour fruitD. to take cool milk42. What does the writer suggest when you feel you are losing your voice?A. Rest your voice.B. Drink some alcohol.C. Ask a singer to teach you how to protect your voice.D. Never go to see a doctor.43. What is the writers advice about alcohol before you give a speech?A. Drink a little of it to feel all-powerful.B. Don t drink it.C. Dilute it with water.D. Drink it two hours before you make a speech.44. What did Goethe say about skating and swimming?A. He said people could learn to skate when it was hot and swim when it was cold.B. He said people could learn to skate and swim when it was hot.C. He said people could learn to skate and swim when it was cold.D. He said people could learn to skate when it was cold and swim when it was hot.45. Why does the writer cite Goethes advice?A. To encourage one to go in for sports.B. To tell that Goethe had a strong willpower.C. To prove one can change ones habits.D. To demonstrate Goethe was creative. 第5部分：补全短文(第4650题，每题2分，共10分)阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。PainAll of us have felt pain. We have cut ourselves. We have been burned Or we have had headaches. Some of us suffer pain rarely pain rarely. (46)Pain can take complete control of our body and mind, making it impossible to move and even to think. Yet we need pain. Without it, we would not know. If we have hurt ourselves. It is our body s warning system. (47)Pain is the most common reason we go to a doctor. It is the most common reason we take medicines. Until recently, however, most doctors knew of only a few drags that stopped some pains. (48) But new knowledge about the process of pain is helping them to control pain better.Scientists have learned that the sense of pain is made up of both chemical and electrical signals. (49) Scientists also have learned that the nervous system sends two different kinds of pain messages to the brain: one very fast, the other slow. The first message is the warning signal. It moves at a speed of 30 meters a second In less than a second, the brain understands that part of the body is hurt and how badly it is injured (50) It tells us not to use the injured part until it heals.A. And others have painful attacks all the time.B. These signals travel from nerve cells in the injured area, up the spinal cord (脊髓) to the brain, and back down again.C. It tells us that we are injured and should do something about it.D. They knew little about the process of pain itself.E. The other message moves at a speed of only 0. 13 meter a second.F. And they send the second, slower message of pain to the brain. 第6部分：完形填空(第5165题，每题1分，共15分)阅读下面的短文，文中有l5处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。Look on The Bright SideDo you ever wish you were more optimistic, someone who always ( 51 ) to be successful? Having someone around who always (52) the worst isnt really a lot of (53) . We all know someone who sees a single cloud on a sunny day and says, It looks (54) rain. But if you catch yourself thinking such things, its important to do something ( 55 ) it.You can change your view of life, (56) psychologists. It only takes a little effort, and youll find life more rewarding as a (57) . Optimism, they say, is partly about self-respect and confidence, but its also a more positive way of looking at life and all it has to (58) Optimists are more (59) to start new projects and are generally-more prepared to take risks.Upbringing is obviously very important in forming your (60) to the world Some people are brought up to (61) too much on others and grow up forever blaming other people when anything (62) wrong. Most optimists, on the ( 63 ) hand, have been brought up not to (64) failure as the end of the world - they just (65)with their lives.51. A. countedB. expectedC. feltD. waited52. A. worriesB. caresC. fearsD. doubts53. A. amusementB. playC. enjoymentD. fun54. A. soB. toC. forD. like55. A. withB. againstC. aboutD. over56. A. judgingB. accordingC. concerningD. following57. A. resultB. reasonC. pur