初中英语被动语态讲解练习及答案_免费下载.xls

第 1 页 共 23 页 点击朗诵16国外语 需要启用宏后才能使用朗诵功能 启用方法 先启用编辑 然后启用宏内容 2003版启用方法如下 工具 宏 安全性 低或中 重启文档 启用宏 3 1 3 5 4 不会启用宏 点击查看帮助 office2003帮助 请根据内容选择以下语种 再点击单词朗诵 祝你学习进步 1 en 1 被动语态 一 考点 热点回顾 词汇辨析 1 across through 穿过 across指从一定范围的一边到另一边 动作是在物体的表面进行 常用于横穿街道 河流 穿过 桥梁等 eg They walk across the bridge 他们步行走过了这座 桥 through 侧重从物体的内部空间穿过 动作是在物体内部进行 常用于门 窗户 森林等 eg He walks through the park 他步行穿过公园 2 ill sick 生病的 ill只在系动词后作表语 eg Her mother was ill in bed sick 既可作表语 eg Her mother was sick in bed 也可作定语 eg Jane is taking care of her sick mother 若ill作定语 译为 坏的 恶劣的 eg an ill person一个坏人 sick作表语时也常译为 恶心的 想吐的 eg The boy always feels sick when he travels by car 固定搭配 动词 名词 代词 副词 介词 make room for给 腾出地方 eg We can make room for her at this table play a joke on戏弄人 对人恶作剧 eg We can t play a joke on law speak highly of称赞 eg The customs speak highly of their quality of service say good bye to告别 告辞 eg I don t want to say good bye to them take an active part in积极参加 eg They take an active part in school activities 英语韩国语法语日语德语葡萄牙语西班牙语阿拉伯语 瑞典语南非荷兰语 捷克语泰语越南语中文世界语塞尔维亚语 第 2 页 共 23 页 take care of照顾 照料 注意 eg Could you take care of my plants while I m on vacation 被动语态 一 语态 英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化 表现出来的 英语中有两种语态 主动语态和被动语态 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者 例如 Many people speak Chinese 谓语 speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 即行为动作的对象 例如 Chinese is spoken by many people 主语English是动词speak的承受者 二 被动语态的构成 被动语态由 助动词be 及物动词的过去分词 构成 人称 数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现 出来的 现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成 一般现在时 am is are spoken 一般过去时 was were spoken 一般将来时 will shall be spoken 现在进行时 am is are being spoken 过去进行时 was were being spoken 2 现在完成时 have has been spoken 过去完成时 had been spoken 三 被动语态的用法 1 不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁 例如 Some new computers were stolen last night 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了 不知道是谁偷的 第 3 页 共 23 页 This bridge was founded in 1981 这座桥竣工于1981年 2 强调动作的承受者 而不强调动作的执行者 例如 The glass was broken by Mike 玻璃杯是迈克打破的 This book was written by him 这本书是他写的 Your homework must be finished on time 你们的家庭作业必须及时完成 四 主动语态变被动语态的方法 1 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语 2 把谓语变成被动结构 be 过去分词 根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数 以及原来主 动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式 3 把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语 将主格改为宾格 例如 All the people laughed at him He was laughed at by all people They make the bikes in the factory The bikes are made by them in the factory He cut down a tree A tree was cut down by him 五 含有情态动词的被动语态 含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时 由 情态动词 be 过去分词 构成 We can repair this watch in two days This watch can be repaired in two days They should do it at once It should be done at once 六 特殊情况 1 He made the boy work for two hours yesterday 第 4 页 共 23 页 The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday 2 Mother never lets me watch TV I am never let to watch TV by mother 3 Jack gave Peter a Christmas present just now 1 A Christmas present was given to Peter by Jack just now 2 Peter was given a Christmas present by Jack just now 常见的句型结构 It is was agreed believed decided hoped thought that 大家同意 相信 决定 希望 认为 It is was well known that 众所周知 It is was taken for granted that 被视为当然 It must be remembered that 务必记住 It mustn t be forgotten that 千万别忘记 3 It is was said reported heard told suggested that 据说 报道 听说 告知 建议 二 典型例题 1 The Olympic Games every four years A are held B were held C are holding D will ho1d 2 In the art show a lot of enjoyment to foreign friends by the Chinese paintings A is giving B is given C will give D has given 3 Today Chinese is becoming more and more popular It in many schools around the world A teaches B is teaching C has taught D is taught 4 Ba Jin one of the greatest writers in China as People s Writer A is regarded B has regarded C is regarding D regards 第 5 页 共 23 页 5 Usually computers to search the Internet A use B are using C are used D used 6 Do you often clean your classroom Yes Our classroom every day A clean B cleans C is cleaned 7 一Did you hear that water in Tai Lake smelt terrible 一Yes In fact it That s all because of the people and the factories around A polluted B was polluted C has polluted D was po11ute 8 Our environment is getting worse than before You re right But thanks to Earth Day people have done more and more useful things to protect 保护 the earth since Earth Day A is started B was started C has started 9 I feel very happy that I to be the host Congratulations A choose B am chosen C was chosen D haven chosen 10 Many trees and flowers in our school last year and they made our school a beautiful garden A plant B planted C have planted D were planted 11 Some famous paintings in the hall next week A will show B were shown C is shown D will be shown 12 A talk on developments in science and technology in the school hall next week A given B will be given C has been given D gives 13 Great changes have taken place in this city 第 6 页 共 23 页 Right Many modern tall buildings have been these days A turned up B put up C shown up D fixed up 14 Twelve year olds should not to drive in China 4 A allow B be allow C allowed D be allowed 15 Do you often clean your classroom Yes our classroom every day A clean B cleans C is cleaned D Cleaned 三 课后练习 1 Susan why are you still here They are all ready to start I m sorry but I when to meet A don t tell B didn t tell C haven t told D wasn t told 2 Many old houses around our school next year and a large green area will appear A pull down B will be pulled down C will pull down D are pulled down 3 My watch NAME A is lost B is broken C has found D has stopped 4 Did you go to Sam s weekend party No I A am not invited B wasn t invited C haven t invited D didn t invite 5 How often your school sports meeting Once a year A does hold B was hold C is held D did hold 6 On May 30th one bowl in the Ming dynasty 明朝 at the price of 30 36 million Hong 第 7 页 共 23 页 Kong dollars A sell B sold C is sold D was sold 7 The Thousand hand Guanyin by many people as the best performance at CCTV s Spring Festival Evening A has been regarded B are regarded C has regarded D regards 8 Those eggs of different colors are very beautiful Yes they in Hangzhou A painted B were painting C were painted D had painted 9 Don t litter the ground boy Look at the sign Rubbish into the dustbin Sorry A has throw B was throw C must throw D must be thrown 10 The 29th 0lympic Games in Beijing in 2008 A will hold B will be held C hold 11 The girl was often heard happily in her room A sing B to sing C singing D sings 5 12 It is reported that more new teaching buildings in our school in the next term A will be built B was built C has built D will build 13 It is reported that more new teaching buildings in our school in the next term A will be built B was built C has built D will build 14 The sick boy to hospital by the police yesterday 第 8 页 共 23 页 A is taken B was taken C takes D took 15 It s difficult for the village children to cross the river for school NAME A was built B is being built C has been built D should be built 16 David turn off the TV no one is watching it NAME A so that has been turned B when has turned C if has been turned D because has turned 17 Usually John to school in his father s beautiful car A has taken B is taking C is taken D has been taken 18 Don t put off today s work for tomorrow I mean today s work today A may do B must do C may be done D must be done 19 Look what an old palace It looks so great Yeah it nearly 800 years ago A was building B was built C has built D is built 20 Don t discuss the problems with your partner unless you to do so A ask B are asked C will ask D will be asked 6 典型例题 一般现在时 1A 解析 考查被动语态 根据句意 奥运会每四年举行一次 可见须用一般现在时的被动语态 故排除了 B C D 第 9 页 共 23 页 2 答案 B 解析 本题考查被动语态 句中a lot of enjoyment是动作的承受者 在这次艺术展中 一些有趣的 东西通过中国国画展示给外国朋友 3 答案 D 解析 考查被动语态 物作主语 一般要考虑被动语态 但如果动词指的是物的特性 不能用被动 语态 4 答案 A 解析 选用一般现在时态的被动语态 表示人们对这位伟大作家的爱戴 5 答案 C 解析 从句子看 电脑作主语 是动作的承受者 所以用被动语态 故选C 6 答案 C 解析 考查被动语态物作主语 一般要考虑被动语态 但如果动词指的是物的特性 不能用被动 语态 一般过去时 1 答案 B 考查被动语态 物作主语 一般要考虑被动语态 但如果动词指的是物的特性 不能用被动语态 2 答案 B 解析 从句意 自从 地球日 开始以来 人们已做了一些越来越有用的事保护环境 可 知 地球日 的开始 要用一般过去时的被动语态 其构成为was started故选B 3 We into five groups to go to the old people s home We did many things to cheer them up 太原市 A divided B are divided C were divided 3 答案 C 解析 本题主要考查被动语态的用法 根据句意及语境可推知空格处应用被动语态的形式 由后一 句 We did many things 可推断 时态应该是一般过去时 因此选C 4C 5D 一般将来过去 1 答案 D 解析 本题综合考查时态和语态 主语为 一些名画 在此为动作 展出 的承受者 故应用被 动语态 时间状语为next week 是表示将来的时间状语 所以句子时态是一般将来时 所以D项正确 2B 第 10 页 共 23 页 答案B 答案 D 情态动词用于被动结构为 情态动词 be 过去分词 答案为C 句中有every day 主语为our classroom 故要用一般现在时的被动语态 参考答案 1 答案D 解析 依据句意 对不起 但我不知道什么时候见面 强调动作发生在过去 I 和tell之间是被动 关系 2 答案B 解析 由题干时间next year 科知识将来时态 句子主语是old houses 应用被动语态 故选B 3 答案A 解析 由Let s go to the Lost Found 可知 说明表丢失了 故选 4 答案B 解析 由Did you go to Sam s weekend party 可知陈述过去的动作的发生 I 和invite之间存在着被 动关系 故选B 5 答案C 解析 How often 一般疑问句 此句型用来提问在某一特定时间内进行某个动作的次数 表示 多 长时间一次 往往针对频度副词如 always seldom usually once a month sometimes every five minutes 等提问 常用于现在时或过去时 由题干your school sports meeting 作主语 谓语应用被动语态 故选C 6 答案D 解析 由On May 30th 可知动作发生在过去 其主语是one bowl与sell存在被动关系 7 答案A 解析 依据题意 千手观音 被许多人认为是中央电视台春节联欢晚会最好的节目 表示过去发 生或已经完成的某一动作对现在的影响或产生的结果 应用现在完成时 其主语是The Thousand hand Guanyin 要用被动语态 故选A 8 答案C 解析 they指代Those eggs of different colors 主语是物 故用被动语态 依据结构 应选C 9 答案D 解析 依据句意 垃圾必须扔进垃圾箱里 表示 命令 句子主语是垃圾 应用被动语态 10 答案B解析 考查一般将来时的被动语态 由in 2008可知是将来时 运动会应该是 被举行 所以使用 一般将来时的被动语态 will be 过去分词 11选B 考查使役动词的被动语态 在主动语态中heard后用省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语 而在被动 第 11 页 共 23 页 语态中动词不定式符号to需补上 由关键信息was often heard可直接断定正确答案为B 12选A 考查一般将来时的被动语态 由关键信息in the next term可知要用一般将来时 先排除B C二项 7 另结合题意 据报道我们学校在下个学期有更多的教学楼被建造 可知要用被动语态 故舍D选A 13选A 14选B 由时间状语yesterday可知本题要用一般过去时 先排除A C二项 另根据题意 那个生病的男孩被 警察送到了医院 可知要用被动语态 故舍D选B 15选D 16选C 考查现在完成时的被动语态 结合题意 如果没有人看电视就关掉它 可知第一个空是条件状语从句 另由关键信息 The music is from the radio 可知 电视 已经关掉了 要用现在完成时的被动语态 故正确 答案为C 17选C 18选D 考查含情态动词的被动语态 由题意 今天的工作必须在今天被做完 可知本题要用被动语态 先排 除A B二项 结合题意可舍C选D 19选B 考查一般过去时的被动语态 由时间状语nearly 800 years ago可知要用一般过去时 先排除C D二 项 另结合题意 它 古老的宫殿 在近800年前被建造的 可舍A选B 第 12 页 共 23 页 eg The boy always feels sick when he travels by car 固定搭配 动词 名词 代词 副词 介词 make room for给 腾出地方 eg We can make room for her at this table 第 13 页 共 23 页 take care of照顾 照料 注意 eg Could you take care of my plants while I m on vacation 被动语态 一 语态 英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化 被动语态由 助动词be 及物动词的过去分词 构成 人称 数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现 例如 Some new computers were stolen last night 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了 不知道是谁偷的 第 14 页 共 23 页 2 把谓语变成被动结构 be 过去分词 根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数 以及原来主 They make the bikes in the factory The bikes are made by them in the factory 第 15 页 共 23 页 It is was agreed believed decided hoped thought that 大家同意 相信 决定 希望 认为 3 It is was said reported heard told suggested that 据说 报道 听说 告知 建议 2 In the art show a lot of enjoyment to foreign friends by the Chinese paintings 3 Today Chinese is becoming more and more popular It in many schools around the world 4 Ba Jin one of the greatest writers in China as People s Writer 第 16 页 共 23 页 一Yes In fact it That s all because of the people and the factories around You re right But thanks to Earth Day people have done more and more useful things to 9 I feel very happy that I to be the host Congratulations 10 Many trees and flowers in our school last year and they made our school a beautiful garden 12 A talk on developments in science and technology in the school hall next week 第 17 页 共 23 页 Right Many modern tall buildings have been these days A turned up B put up C shown up D fixed up 14 Twelve year olds should not 三 课后练习 1 Susan why are you still here They are all ready to start A don t tell B didn t tell C haven t told D wasn t told 2 Many old houses around our school next year and a large green area will appear 6 On May 30th one bowl in the Ming dynasty 明朝 at the price of 30 36 million Hong 第 18 页 共 23 页 7 The Thousand hand Guanyin by many people as the best performance at CCTV s Spring 9 Don t litter the ground boy Look at the sign Rubbish into the dustbin A has throw B was throw C must throw D must be thrown 5 12 It is reported that more new teaching buildings in our school in the next term 13 It is reported that more new teaching buildings in our school in the next term 第 19 页 共 23 页 15 It s difficult for the village children to cross the river for school 18 Don t put off today s work for tomorrow I mean today s work today 20 Don t discuss the problems with your partner unless you to do so 1A 解析 考查被动语态 根据句意 奥运会每四年举行一次 可见须用一般现在时的被动语态 故排除了 第 20 页 共 23 页 2 答案 B 解析 本题考查被动语态 句中a lot of enjoyment是动作的承受者 在这次艺术展中 一些有趣的 3 答案 D 解析 考查被动语态 物作主语 一般要考虑被动语态 但如果动词指的是物的特性 不能用被动 6 答案 C 解析 考查被动语态物作主语 一般要考虑被动语态 但如果动词指的是物的特性 不能用被动 1 答案 B 考查被动语态 物作主语 一般要考虑被动语态 但如果动词指的是物的特性 不能用被动语态 2 答案 B 解析 从句意 自从 地球日 开始以来 人们已做了一些越来越有用的事保护环境 可 3 We into five groups to go to the old people s home We did many things to cheer them up 太原市 3 答案 C 解析 本题主要考查被动语态的用法 根据句意及语境可推知空格处应用被动语态的形式 由后一 1 答案 D 解析 本题综合考查时态和语态 主语为 一些名画 在此为动作 展出 的承受者 故应用被 动语态 时间状语为next