2016英语一轮复习知识排查突破：人教新课标 book 5 Unit 1(含解析).doc

重点识记词汇1.put forward提出2.draw a conclusion得出结论3victim n受害者 4.enquiry n询问5defeat vt.打败；战胜；使受挫 n失败 6.expert adj.熟练的；经验或知识丰富的 n专家；行家7attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加 8.expose.to 使显露；暴露9cure n治愈；痊愈 vt.治愈；治疗 10.challenge n挑战 vt.向挑战11absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心 12.foresee vt.预见；预知13severe adj.严重的；剧烈的；严厉的 14.spin vi.& vt.(使)旋转；纺(线或纱)15blame vt.责备；谴责 n过失；责备 16.handle n柄；把手 vt.处理；操纵17apart from除之外；此外 18.positive adj.积极的；肯定的；确实的19(be) strict with.对严格的 20.make sense讲得通；有意义21neighbourhood n附近；邻近neighbour n邻居 22.analyse vt.分析analysis n分析(analyses 复数)23infect vt.传染；感染infectious adj.传染的infection n感染；传染24link vt.& n连接；联系link.to.将和联系或连接起来25backward adv.& adj.向后地(的)；相反地(的)；退步地(的)26characteristic n特征；特性 adj.特有的；独特的character n特性；性格；人物；字体27painter n画家；油漆匠paint vt.(用颜料等)画；粉刷painting n油画；水彩画28scientific adj.科学的science n科学scientist n科学家29conclude vt.& vi.结束；推断出conclusion n结论；结束30suspect vt.认为；怀疑 n被怀疑者；嫌疑犯suspicion n怀疑suspicious adj.有疑心的31pollute vt.污染；弄脏pollution n污染polluted adj.被污染的32announce vt.宣布；通告announcement n通知；宣告announcer n播音员33certainty n确信；确实certain adj.确实；肯定certainly adv.确定；肯定34instruct vt.命令；指示；教导instruction n指示；命令；(pl.)指示，说明instructive adj.有教育意义的；有启发的35movement n移动；运动；动作move vt.& vi.移动36construct vt.建设；修建construction n建设；建筑物37contribute vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；捐助contribution n贡献38cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的caution n小心；谨慎cautiously adv.小心地；谨慎地39reject vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃rejection n拒绝；抛弃40universe n宇宙；世界universal adj.普遍的；宇宙的universally adv.普遍地41creative adj.有创造力的；创造性的；独创的create v创造；创作creation n创造；创建42enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的enthusiasm n热情；热心43responsible adj.有责任的；负责的responsibility n责任；负责必背经典句式1.Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解对它的治疗。2So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.因此每一次暴发(霍乱)都会有成千上万恐慌的人死去。3He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found.他知道，在找到病源之前，霍乱疫情是无法控制的。4To prevent this from happening again，John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.为防止这种情况再度发生，约翰斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。5He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it.他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星围绕着太阳转构词记忆architecture /kItekt/ nU建筑学；建筑艺术；建筑风格creature /krit/ nC1.创造物；产物2.生物；动物departure /dIpt/ nC&U启程；离开；出发literature /lItrt/ nC&U1.文学2.文献；图书资料signature /sInt/ nC&U署名；签名.词汇与派生A语境填词1A nurse attended(照料) to his needs constantly.2She doesnt want to expose(暴露) herself to the public，because she is a shy girl.3Destruction of the environment is one of the most serious challenges(挑战) we face.4Who is to blame(应负责任) for setting the house on fire?5You must be cautious(小心的)when crossing the street.6Have they announced(通告) when the plane will take off?7How disappointed they were when their team was defeated(打败) by ours.8Two policemen as well as an expert were sent to handle(处理) the complex case.9Have you heard that Martin got severe(严重的) injuries in the traffic accident?10Nine out of ten doctors advised their patients to take Yucky Pills to cure(治疗) toothache.11To my surprise，one of my most able students was rejected(拒绝) by the university.12We must stop the pollution(污染) of our beaches.13Kindness is one of his characteristics(特性)B用所给词的适当形式填空14The laboratory animals have been infected with the bacteria，which is highly infectious.Any of you should avoid being exposed to infection.(infect)15He was interested in science when young.After he grew up to be a scientist，he liked to do scientific experiments to test his ideas.(science)16The teacher concluded from the evidence that she was wrong.And his conclusion proved to be right.(conclude)17He infected a deadly bacteria last month，and died five days later.His death is a great loss to our career.(die)18He moved to Beijing in 1988 and the movement proved to be important to the further development of his career.(move)19As professional analysts，both of you must try to analyse the causes of the strike，and present a detailed analysis of the situation.(analyse)20The old man often instructed us how to behave well in public and his instruction made a deep impression on us.(instruct)21Many factories have been constructed in our city since last year，and a power station is under construction in the south.(construct)22He didnt know much about the subject，but he was very enthusiastic，and his enthusiasm made everyone else interested.(enthusiastic)23It is universally agreed that the universe is endless.(universe)24This work has absorbed him for several years.He seemed totally absorbed in his work.(absorb)25The writer personally contributed￥5,000 to the earthquake fund.All the contributions will be gratefully received.(contribute).短语运用A用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空come to an end，draw a conclusion，expose.to.，link.to.，look into，cure sb.of sth.，put forward，lead to，slow down，make sense，be infected with26It doesnt make sense to complain after being defeated.You should cheer up and practise hard instead.27What do you think of the plan he put forward at the meeting? Very good.But the most important is to put it into practice.28Its very dangerous to be exposed to these viruses without any protection.29Your computer has been infected with a virus.30After two monthsnegotiation，the dispute between these two countries finally came to an end.31His disappearance is being looked into by the police.32Everybody thought that it was my carelessness that led to the disaster.33We drew a conclusion that we should close the window and lock the door every day before going out or going to bed.34If we make common efforts and cure us of carelessness，burglary will never happen again.35It is obvious that lung cancer is linked to heavy smoking.B用方框内所给短语填空36Apart from your spelling，your composition is rather good.37I cant say with certainty where Ill be next week.38He went to the badminton club at times during his school days.经典句式39Every time I meet with difficulties in study，I solve it by myself. 每次学习上碰到困难，我都是独自解决。40I didnt know the fact until I read your letter.读了你的来信之后我才知道真实的情况。41He suggested that the work (should) be started at once.他建议立即动工。42Neither the American government nor the French officials have confirmed the news about Libya.美国政府和法国官员都没有证实有关利比亚的这则新闻。43With the price of the houses going up，a great many people cant afford to buy a house.随着房价的上升，许多人买不起房子。1 conclude v.断定，推断出；得出结论；(使)结束，终止(end)应试指导写作高频词汇to conclude，in conclusionconclude sth.with.就某事与某人达成协议；以结束conclude sth.from.从推断出to conclude最后arrive at/reach/come to/draw a conclusion得出结论make a conclusion下结论in conclusion总之；最后So what can we conclude from this debate?那么从这场辩论中我们能得出什么结论？夯实基础语法填空(1)He concluded his speech with a famous saying.(2)What can we conclude from Staffords research?(3)In conclusion，I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today.(4)When the group discussion is nearing its end，make sure to conclude(conclude) it with important points.2 attend v.出席，参加；照料，护理(take care of)；处理，对付(deal with)应试指导其高级词汇是be present atattend school/class/church上学/上课/做礼拜attend on/upon sb.伺候某人；照顾某人attend to sb./sth.处理；倾听；照料；专心；注意Thousands of people attended the ceremony.数千人参加了庆典。The main thing is to attend to the injured.首要任务是照顾伤者。夯实基础语法填空(1)Would you like to join us in the game?Im afraid not，for I have something important to attend(attend) to.(2)You must attend to your work.3 expose v.暴露；揭露；使曝光应试指导非谓语动词句法功能的考查expose.to使显露；暴露be exposed to暴露于；经受expose sb.to.让某人接触某物；使某人暴露于They have not been exposed to most diseases common to urban populations.城市人口中多数常见的疾病他们都没有接触到。These units exposed children to many viewpoints of a given issue.这些单元让孩子们接触到有关某一特定问题的多种观点。 夯实基础(1)The newspaper exposed his secret to the public.The newspaper let out his secret to the public.(用let out改写句子)The newspaper gave away his secret to the public.(用give away改写句子)(2)Being exposed to the sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin.Exposing yourself to the sunlight for too long will be harmful to your skin.(用v.ing的主动形式作主语改写句子)If exposed to the sunlight for too long，you will get your skin injured. (用if省略句改写句子)(3)He was exposed to the rain and wind last night and he was ill.Exposed to the rain and wind last night，he was ill. (用过去分词短语作原因状语改写句子)4 absorb v.吸收(液体、气体等)(take in)；吸引全部注意力(attract)；使全神贯注(interest sb.very much)；使并入，吞并absorb ones attention吸引某人的注意absorb.from.从中吸收be absorbed in全神贯注于be absorbed by/into被吞并(吸引)Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air and moisture from the soil.植物从空气中吸收二氧化碳并从土壤中汲取水分。She was absorbed in the book.她专心于这本书。思考表示“全神贯注”的常见短语还有：be lost in，be buried in，fix/focus ones attention on，devote.to，concentrate ones mind on，apply oneself to，be addicted to等。夯实基础(1)用absorb的适当形式填空When deeply absorbed in work，which he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping.He had an absorbed look on his face.Where is Jimmy?Just now I saw him sitting under the tree，absorbed in his video games.(2)He was so absorbed in TV that he forgot to sleep.Absorbed in TV，he forgot to sleep. (用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)5 blame v.把归咎于，责怪，指责(say or think sb. is responsible for)；n.过失；责任(responsibility)；责备，指责应试指导be to blame主动形式表被动意义的用法blame sb.for.因而指责某人；把归咎于某人blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人be to blame (for sth.)应承担责任；该受责备(主动形式表被动意义)accept/bear/take the blame for.对负责；为承担责任put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.把某事的责任推到某人身上Everybody knows that he is supposed to be to blame for this.人人皆知他应该为此受到责备。The president put the blame completely on his opponent.总统把责任完全推给了他的对手。词义辨析blame，charge，accuse(1)blame责备，谴责；归咎于，归罪于(on)。常用于blame sb.for sth.因某事指责某人，blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人。(2)charge控告；谴责。常用于charge sb.with (doing) sth.指控某人(做了)某事。(3)accuse控告，指控；指责，谴责。常用于accuse sb.of (doing) sth.指控某人(做了)某事。夯实基础(1)用blame，charge，accuse的适当形式填空It is obvious that you are to blame for the accident.She was said to have been charged with drunken driving.I was told that he was accused of murder.(2)他把考试失败归咎于老师。(一句多译)He blamed the failure of his exam on the teacher. (blame.on)He blamed the teacher for the failure of his exam. (blame.for)He put/laid the blame for the failure of his exam on the teacher. (blame n)6 contribute vt.& vi.捐献；捐助(give money or goods to.)；是的原因之一(be one of the causes of sth.)；贡献；投稿(write.for.)多词一义contribute to，result in，be responsible for，bring about，lead tocontribute.to.把贡献给contribute to有助于；导致(result in/lead to)；把时间投入到make a contribution/contributions to对作出贡献/捐款He contributed a lot of good ideas to the discussion.他在这次讨论中提出很多好的想法。Would you like to make a contribution to the hospital building fund？你愿意为医院建设基金捐款吗？图解助记夯实基础(1)同义句改写Various factors contributed to his downfall.Various factors resulted in/led to/were responsible for/caused his downfall.(2)In a discussion group，its very important that everyone (should) contribute(每个人都贡献) whatever is in their minds.7 put forward提议，提出(suggest)；拿出；推荐(recommend)；将提前多词一义put forward，come up with，raiseput away将收起；把放回原处；积蓄put aside忽视；不理睬；储存put off延期put out扑灭put in放入；把写进(信函、故事等)May I put your name forward as a possible chairman of the committee?我可否提名你为该委员会主席的人选？夯实基础选择方框内的短语填空(1)Far water doesnt put out near fire.(2)Encourage children to put aside some of their pocket money to buy Christmas presents.(3)The association has put the event off until October.(4)Her bed was neatly made，her clothes put away.(5)Class Three has put forward a reasonable proposal.8 apart/aside from除之外；此外应试指导作为高级词汇替换besides，except表示“除之外”的短语：apart from/aside from除之外，根据上下文的不同，可以分别相当于besides，except或except for。besidesin addition to除之外(还，也)，常与also，more，other等连用。except除外(都)，常与all，every，no，none，nothing等含有整体肯定或否定意义的词连用。except for除以外，其后所跟的词往往与前面的不是同一类的，是指整体中除去的一个细节或某一方面。Apart from the cost，the dress doesnt suit me.姑且不论价格，这件衣服也不适合我。夯实基础用besides，except，except for，apart from填空(1)All the students took part in the sports meeting except/apart from Tom.(2)We need three more chairs besides/apart from these two.(3)Apart from/Except for the ending，its a really good film.1 He did not want to be attacked by the Christian Church，so he only published it as he lay dying in 1543.他不想遭到基督教会的攻击，所以他直到1543年临终前才公布了这一观点。(1)形容词dying在句中作状语，说明谓语动词lay发生时，主语所处的状态。(2)形容词(短语)作状语在句中还可以表示行为方式、伴随状况、原因、时间或条件等。One woman was lying in bed，awake，listening to the rushing wind.有一个女人躺在床上，毫无睡意，听着疾驰而过的大风。夯实基础用形容词(短语)作状语改写句子(1)She suddenly appeared and seemed happy and satisfied.Happy and satisfied，she suddenly appeared.(2)The boy ran home with fear full of him.The boy ran home，full of fear.2单元语法根据句意补全句子(1)The United States is a country which has developed.The United States is a developed country.(2)He told us of the great wrong which had been done to him.He told us of the great wrong done to him.(3)The children are excited (excite) about going to the zoo.(4)Everybody was shocked (shock) to hear the death of the famous film star.(5)There are four used (use) stamps.高考题组.短文改错(2010课标全国)My friend Nick told me story about his experience back in the US，which was very interested.One day he was having a yard sale and the old man living next door come by to help.As the old man looked over the things on the yard that were to be sold，he stopped at a box of golden ball for Christmas trees.On the box was a card say “25 cents each”“You will never sell these for that much，”he told Nick.Convinced，Nick has brought the price up to 10 cents a piece.Without a moments delay，my neighbor picked up the box but announced，“Ill take them.”答案My friend Nick told me story about his experience back in the US，which was very .One day he was having a yard sale and the old man living next door by to help.As the old man looked over the things that were to be sold，he stopped at a box of golden for Christmas trees.On the box was a card “25 cents each”“You will never sell these for that much，”he told Nick.Convinced，Nick has brought the price to 10 cents a piece.Without a moments delay， neighbor picked up the box announced，“Ill take them.”.写作常用句翻译1实话实说，这件事怪苏，但是李也应受指责。(be to blame)(2012江苏书面表达)To be honest，it was Sus fault，but Li was also to blame.2他突然想到第二天早晨他有个会议要参加。(attend)(2011湖北完成句子)It (suddenly) occurred to him that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.3总之，全世界的人都应该意识到水短缺的真正形势。(conclusion)(2010福建书面表达)In conclusion，people around the world should be aware of the real situation of water shortage.模拟题组.语法填空1I hope the doctor can cure the pain in my shoulder，but they havent found an effective cure.2She was so absorbed(absorb) in her job that she didnt hear someone knocking at the door.3What happened to him?He was suspected(suspect) of stealing the ring at the party last night，and the police were looking into the matter.4His profound learning and sharp eyes contributed to this new discovery.5The more one is exposed(expose) to the Englishspeaking environment，the better he or she will learn the language.6As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine，we must send for an engineer to handle(handle) the problem.7Im cautious about what I say because careless remarks are likely to hurt others feelings.8Apart from cleaning the yard and making up the beds for the old，you should also take care of the baby.9The workers will go on strike if the demands they put forward are turned down.10Planning so far ahead makes(make) no senseso many things will have changed by next year.单句改错1After the match the judge was announced that our team won the title.去掉was2In respect of the problem，we dont have to draw conclusion.draw后加上a3A special nurse attended on his needs constantly.onto4The frightened thief hid himself in the dark corner of the yard，quiet and cold，stared at the open door.staredstaring5It doesnt make a sense for parents to give children whatever they want.去掉a6Only if a teacher gives permission a student allowed to enter the room.permission后加上is7Your article is well written apart a few spelling mistakes.apart后加上from8The plan was put forward at yesterdays meeting, in my opinion, was quite practical.去掉plan后的was9That day Tom lost control himself and hit Jack，but later Tom made an apology.control后加上of10Tom suggested that we would not hold such a meeting，but Jenny insisted that it was of great importance.去掉would或wouldshould .写作句式升级训练I will do well in whatever I do.(素材来源于2014新课标全国书面表达)No matter what I do，I will do a good job.(用让步状语从句及相关高级词汇改写句子).阅读理解AMade In Japan Morgan Hill is the company to turn to for all of your service needs.Our owner and operator has over 25 years experience in the industry，and our friendly and knowledgeable service department is AAA approved with ASE certified technicians.We take pride in the quality of the work we perform.Made In Japan Morgan Hill is easy to find，and we provide service throughout the South Valley，CA area.We service all makes and models (both foreign and domestic) of cars，trucks，and vans.For your enjoyment and convenience，we have a clean waiting room with satellite TV and WiFi!PromotionsFree Tire Rotation(换位) (Normal 20) with Oil Change Through Apr.3010% Off Repairs Over 10030 Off Brake ServiceOur ServicesAuto Repair/Brake Repair/Oil Change/Transmission Repair/Truck Repair/Auto 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